Submitted in fulfillment of the requirements for the Degree of Master of Technology in Nursing, Durban University of Technology, 2014. / Brief background to the study The national guidelines for maternity care in South Africa recommend that a standardised maternity case record be used by all facilities at all levels of care in order to improve the quality of care for pregnant women. According to the National Department of Health, this will facilitate continuity and quality of care for women during pregnancy, labour and post-partum. Aim of the study The aim of the study was to assess whether the implementation of the new maternity case record has improved the quality of care for pregnant women. Methodology An exploratory, descriptive study using both quantitative and qualitative design was used to conduct the study. Data was collected through a retrospective record review using a checklist for the quantitative strand, and from midwives using unstructured interviews for the qualitative strand. The quantitative data set was analysed using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences version 21.0 and the qualitative strand was analysed using the Tesch’s method of data analysis. Results The results of the record review revealed that although the recording was done fairly well, there were a number of activities and interventions that were recorded poorly or not recorded at all in some primary health care clinic. The midwives verbalised that many mistakes and mismanagement of ante-natal care clients emanated from the structure and the design of the new maternity case record. Recommendations Recommendations include the following: communication of policies and protocols to the midwives should be done timeously, provision of in-service education and/or updates on new developments, strengthening of supportive supervision, the Nursing colleges be kept up-to-date with new developments in nursing practice and that a broader study involving other districts and provinces be conducted.

Submitted to the faculty of Health Sciences in fulfilment of the requirements for M.Tech.: Nursing, Durban University of Technology, 2011. / Background The South African health care system is guided by the primary health care approach (PHC), which is based on the principles of accessibility, availability, affordability, equity and acceptability which are the cornerstone of primary health care. The Comprehensive PHC Service Package for South Africa is the guiding document for transforming PHC in South Africa standardizing services and increasing access to PHC services. This study will focus on the “Clinic: Fast Queue/Repeats” component of the Package. This is the protocol which guides the management of chronic disease care for adults, geriatrics and paediatrics. According to the Package, this service is for patients who have been assessed previously either at a CHC or at a clinic. For repeat medicines no assessment is required except after three months, and waiting time is minimized through the use of pre-packaged drugs. Methods A cross sectional qualitative design using a descriptive method was used to explore the experiences of the clinic users of the fast queue. A two stage sampling technique was used namely cluster and purposive sampling. In the first instance cluster sampling technique was used to sample clinics in each of the three sub-districts namely south, north and west sub districts of eThekwini municipality and purposive sampling was used to select PHC facilities, those with the highest number of attendees seen over a period of three months and the users of fast queue. Results The findings of the study revealed that there were positive factors which contributed to the satisfaction of participants and negative factors which caused dissatisfaction among participants.

Thesis (MA (Psychology))--University of Stellenbosch, 2007. / South Africa has been a democratic country for more than ten years, and still transformation is not visible in many areas. Psychological services are inaccessible and unaffordable for the larger part of South-Africans. The B.Psych degree was specifically implemented to address this problem. The course aims to give graduates access to registration as counsellors at the HPCSA in order to bring psychological services to people more easily. This study thus explores the employment patterns of registered counsellors in South Africa. These counsellors have been trained to deliver services within the primary health care sector because most people use services within this sector. Only eight percent of registered counsellors in South Africa are working within this sector. Most registered counsellors are working in the education sector or the private sector. Counsellors that are working in the education sector are primarily delivering educational services and not psychological services. Counsellors that are working in the private sector are contributing to making services inaccessible and unaffordable to many people. The absence of workers in the primary healthcare sector is mainly because there is little employment for registered counsellors within this sector. The findings of this study are in accordance with the findings of Kotze (2005) that accessibility to psychological services did not significantly change with the implementation of the B.Psych course.

Thesis (MA (Psychology))--University of Stellenbosch, 2009. / ENGLISH ABSTRACT: This literature review follows the early origins of the integration of psychological services into Primary Health Care (PHC) to its promulgation by law under the new dispensation in South Africa post-1994. With a recent re-commitment in 2008 by government to PHC for health service delivery, the biomedical orientation of PHC is inherently problematic as the location for psychological services and runs contrary to a comprehensive discourse of care as envisioned locally and by the World Health Organisation (WHO). With such shifts in policy at a macro level and in a context in which the relevance of psychological theorising and praxis is under scrutiny, this review has highlighted that a bottom-up approach is necessitated; specifically one that will facilitate a convergence between policy, theory and practice, with its foundations informed by research. / AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Hierdie literatuuroorsig begin by die vroeë beginpunt waar sielkundige dienste by Primêre Gesondheidsorg (PHC) ingelyf is, en volg die gebeure tot waar nuwe wetgewing hieroor in die nuwe post-1994-dispensasie in Suid-Afrika uitgevaardig is. Met die regering wat homself in 2008 herverbind het tot PHC vir gesondheiddiensverskaffing is die biomediese fokus van PHC vir sielkundige dienste inherent problematies, omdat dit in teenstelling met omvattende diskoers oor versorging staan, soos dit plaaslik en deur die Wêreldgesondheidsorgorganisasie (WHO) in die vooruitsig gestel word. Met makrovlakverskuiwings in beleid en in konteks waarin die toepaslikheid van teoretisering en praktyk op die gebied van die sielkunde onder die loep is, beklemtoon hierdie verslag dit dat onder-na-bo-benadering nodig is; spesifiek een wat sameloping tussen beleid, teorie en praktyk sal fasiliteer, en wat gegrond is op navorsing.

Thesis (MBA)--University of Stellenbosch, 2009. / ENGLISH ABSTRACT: The aim of the study was to assess the adult patients' perception of the quality of care received, following a visit to a doctor at Mthatha General Hospital Outpatients Department to establish whether it meets the patients' expectations, and to derive recommendations to improve the quality and assure that it is maintained. A cross-sectional survey was used to obtain the relevant data. A structured interview questionnaire was administered to a systemic sample of 204 adult patients attending the General Outpatients clinic at Mthatha General Hospital after a consultation with a doctor. Data was gathered and analyzed on the 204 patients' records using a Statistical package for Social sciences. This study has revealed that most patients are female (59%), aged between 16 and 70 years, with the majority in the 41 to 50 year age group. The majority of patients are unemployed (55.4%), with grade 1-8 level of education, have presence of long-standing illness or disability (54.9%), and are married (53.4%). The patients' perception of the quality of care was positive. The interpersonal aspects of care was judged by patients to be the most important, followed by technical aspects. Socio-demographic influences on perception of care were significant in those patients with long-standing illness or disability in respect of outcome aspects of care. It is recommended that patients' perception of the care provided to them be periodically assessed to ascertain if it meets their needs. / AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Die doel van die studie was om die volwasse pasient se persepsie van die kwaliteit van versorgingsdiens, soos ervaar na 'n besoek aan 'n dokter by die Mthatha Algemene Hospitaal Buitepasiente Afdeling, te bepaal om gevolglik vas te stel of aan die pasient se verwagtinge voldoen is en om aanbevelings hiervan af te lei om kwaliteit te verbeter en te verseker dat dit volgehou word. 'n Deursnee peiling is gebruik om toepaslike data te bekom. 'n Gestruktureerde onderhoud-vraelys is aan 'n sistemiese monster van 204 volwasse pasiente by die algemene buitepasiente kliniek van die Mthatha Algemene Hospitaai gedoen na 'n besoek aan 'n dokter. Data uit die 204 pasienterekords is versamel en analiseer deur middel van 'n statistiese pakket vir die sosiale wetenskappe. Resultate toon dat die meerderheid pasiente vroulik (59%) en tussen 16 en 70 jaar oud is en oorwegend in die 41 tot 50 jaar ouderdomsgroep val. Die meerderheid pasiente is werkloos (55.4%), het 'n graad 1-8 vlak-opvoeding, vertoon met 'n langtermyn siekte toestand of ongeskiktheid (54.9%) en is getroud (53.4%). Die pasiente se persepsie van die kwaliteit van versorging was positief. Interpersoonlike aspekte van versorging is deur pasiente as die belangrikste beskou, gevolg deur tegniese aspekte. Sosiodemografiese invloede op die persepsie van uitkoms-verwante aspekte van versorging was betekenisvol by pasiente met langtermyn siekte toestande of ongeskikthede. Daar word aanbeveel dat pasiente se persepsie aangaande die versorging wat hulle ontvang periodiek beoordeel word om vas te stel of aan hulle behoeftes voldoen word.

submitted in fulfillment of the requirements for the Doctoral Degree in Nursing, faculty of Health Sciences, Durban University of Technology, Durban, South Africa, 2016. / Globally antenatal care is advocated as the cornerstone for reducing children’s deaths and improving maternal health. The World Health Organization designed and tested a Focussed Antenatal Care model for the developing countries to improve their quality of antenatal care services. South Africa has not successfully implemented this approach, referred to by South Africa as the Basic Antenatal Care approach. A convergent parallel mixed methods design was used to assess how the Basic Antenatal Care approach was implemented in the eThekwini district. Data were collected from 12 Primary Health Care clinics using observations, retrospective record reviews and semi-structured interviews conducted with pregnant women. The quantitative data was analysed using version 21.0 of the Statistical Package of Social Services and qualitative data was analysed using Tech’s method of data analysis. The Basic Antenatal Care approach was not being successfully implemented in the Primary Health Care clinics. Several aspects of planning, people, processes and performance were not done according to the Basic Antenatal Care Principles of Good Care and Guidelines. Although good communication was observed between the clinic staff members and the referral institutions, communication problems existed between the Primary Health Care clinics and the Emergency Medical Rescue Services and also with the pregnant women. Antenatal care and delivery plans and the midwives’ counter checking of maternity charts were not recorded. Some pregnant women had positive perceptions about the antenatal care services but others had negative perceptions. Recommendations pertaining to institutional management and practice, nursing education and research were made. A tailored practice framework and an implementation guide were developed based on setting and client-specific factors to facilitate the implementation of the Basic Antenatal Care approach. The framework highlights the importance of cooperation between management and administration, in-service education and skills development departments/units and the operational level. Effective implementation of the Basic Antenatal Care approach could help to reduce South Africa’s high maternal and neonatal mortality rates. Thus the tailored practice framework and implementation guide, developed as part of this study, could help to improve maternal and neonatal health-related outcomes in South Africa. / D

Thesis (MCurr)--Stellenbosch University, 2013. / ENGLISH ABSTRACT: The objectives of this study were to explore patients’ experiences about long waiting time at the Vanguard Community Health Care Centre in the Western Cape and to explore possible solutions for this problem from the patients’ perspective. A qualitative research approach was applied. A sample size of (n=12) was drawn from a total population of 2829 (N=2829) using a non-random convenient sampling technique. A semi-structured interview guide was designed based on the objectives of the study and validated by experts in the field before data collection took place. Approval for the study was obtained from the Ethics Committee at the faculty of Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University and from the facility manager of health centre where the study was to be undertaken. The presentation of the results was categorised into themes and sub-themes that emerged from the data analysis. According to the findings in chapter 4 the themes that emerged were: Causes of long waiting time Areas of concern where waiting occurs most Emotions experienced when waiting long for service Possible solutions to waiting long for service The findings support the conceptual framework developed for the purpose of this study which includes the Patient’s Bill of Rights, the Principles of Batho Pele, Quality Care, Patients’ Representation and Patient satisfaction. The results of the study suggests that the conceptual framework needs to be implemented as a guideline to address the problems of long waiting time with the input from the participants’ opinions about possible solutions to be incorporated to the problem of long waiting time at the community health centre. / AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Die doelwitte van die studie was om pasiente se gevoelens oor lang wagtye by Vanguard Gemeenskapsgesondheidsentrum in die Wes-Kaap te ondersoek en om moontlike oplossings vir hierdie probleem vanaf die pasient se perspektief te bepaal ‘n Kwalitatiewe navorsingsbenadering is gebruik. ‘n Steekproefgrootte van (n=12) is verkry vanaf ‘n totale bevolking van 2829 (N= 2829) deur die gebruik van ‘n nie-ewekansige gerieflike steekproefneming tegniek. ‘n Semi-gestruktureerde onderhoudgids is ontwerp gebaseer op die doelwitte van die studie. Die onderhoudgids is geldig bevind deur spesialiste in die gebied voor data insameling plaasgevind het. Goedkeuring vir die studie is verkry van die Etiese Komitee by die Fakulteit Gesondheidswetenskappe, Stellenbosch Universiteit en van die bestuurder van die gesondheidsentrum waar die studie uitgevoer sou word. Resultate is rangskik in temas en subtemas wat afgelei is van die data analise. Die volgende temas is bepaal vanuit Hoofstuk 4 se bevindinge: Redes vir lang wagtye Areas waar lang wagtye voorkom Emosies ondervind wanneer lank gewag moet word vir diens Moontlike oplossings vir lang wagtye Die bevindinge ondersteun die konseptuele raamwerk ontwikkel vir die doel van die studie wat die Handves van Regte vir pasiente, die beginsels van Batho Pele, Kwaliteitsorg, Pasient verteenwoordiging en Pasienttevredenheid insluit. Die bevindinge van die studie dui aan dat die konseptuele raamwerk geimplementeer moet word as riglyn om die probleme wat ervaar word met lang wagtye aan te spreek. Die deelnemers se menings oor moontlike oplossings moet deel moet wees van die aanspreek van die probleem van lang wagtye in die gemeenskapsgesondheidsentrum.

Thesis (MPhil) -- Stellenbosch University, 2001. / ENGLISH ABSTRACT: Legislation encourages local government! municipalitiesl local authorities in South Africa, to fulfil a development role. One of the main objectives of municipalities performing a development role is to empower communities, especially previously disadvantaged communities. This study argues that the services delivered by municipalities are an essential component of a development orientation. In view of this fact, the study proposes an operational framework, whereby community empowerment can be achieved through municipal service delivery. The operational framework suggest that for community empowerment to be achieved through municipal service delivery, requires that the empowerment enabler (municipalities or departments within municipalities) should assure that: disadvantaged communities have access to services, services must be delivered in a non-discriminatory manner, the community should understand the rationale as to why the service is delivered, opportunity should be given for community participation in the delivery process, there should be a constant information channel between the giver (enabler) and receiver of services, and human resources from the local community should be utilised where possible in the delivery process. Lastly, a descriptive evaluation is undertaken of the health department's approach (at the Stellenbosch Municipality) to the delivery of primary healthcare services and service infrastructure. The purpose of the evaluation is to ascertain whether the principles as proposed in the operational framework are present in the health department's approach to service delivery. The evaluation reveals that most of the proposed principles of the operational framework features in the health department's approach to the delivery of primary healthcare services and services infrastructure. Thereby, concluding that the health department follows to a certain extent an approach to service delivery that could ultimately lead to community empowerment. / AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Wetgewing vereis dat plaaslike regering/ plaaslike owerhede/ munisipaliteite in Suid-Afrika, 'n ontwikkelingsrol moet vervul. Een van die doelstellings van 'n ontwikkelingsrol vir munisipaliteite, is om gemeenskappe te bemagtig, spesifiek gemik op agtergeblewe gemeenskappe. Hierdie studie argumenteer dat die dienste gelewer deur munisipaliteite 'n essensiële komponent vorm van 'n ontwikkelings-orientasie. Gevolglik, stel hierdie studie 'n operasionele raamwerk voor, waarvolgens gemeenskapsbemagtiging bewerkstellig kan word deur middel van munisipale dienslewering. Die operasionele raamwerk stel voor dat om gemeenskapsbemagting deur dienslewering te bewerkstellig, vereis dat die bemagtiger (munisipaliteite of departemente binne munisipaliteite) moet toesien dat: agtergeblewe gemeenskappe toegang het tot diente, dienste moet gelewer word op 'n niediskriminerende wyse, die gemeenskap moet verstaan waarom die diens gelewer word, geleentheid moet geskep word vir gemeenskapsdeelname aan die diensleweringsproses, 'n kommunikasie kanaal tussen die ontvanger en leweraar (bemagtiger) van dienste, moet geskep word en laastens moet daar van plaaslike arbeid (waar moontlik), in die diensleweringsproses gebruik word. Laastens word 'n beskrywende evaluering onderneem na die Gesondheidsdepartement (by die Stellenbosch Munisipaliteit) se benadering tot die lewering van primêre gesondheidssorgdienste asook diens infrastruktuur. Die doel van die evaluering is om te bepaal of enige van die faktore, soos beskryf in die operasionele raamwerk, teenwoordig is in die gesondheidsdepartement se benadering tot dienslewering. Die resultate van die ondersoek toon aan dat die meeste van die faktore, soos voorgestel in die operasionele raamwerk, wel teenwoordig is in die gesondheidsdepartement se benadering tot dienslewering. Gevolglik kan daar afgelei word dat die gesondheidsdepartement wel tot 'n mate, 'n benadering tot dienslewering volg, wat kan lei tot gemeenskapsbemagtiging.

Thesis (MPhil)--Stellenbosch University, 2010. / ENGLISH ABSTRACT: The purpose of this study was to identify possible viable future healthcare models for South Africa, using the techniques and methodologies advocated in the field of future studies by futurists and erudite academics such as Ackoff, Drucker, De Jouvenel, Slaughter, Dostal and Roux. This topic necessitated a problem-orientated approach to future studies based on the complexities inherent thereto. A great deal of emphasis was therefore placed on the tools of rational analysis, which are supported by unregarded worldview assumptions about the ability of humans to regulate and control the world and therefore the framing of new laws, rules and regulations. The forward view was generated by using the appropriate methodologies such as environmental scanning and the analysis of trends and outcomes. Enrichment to the foresight work, beyond the respective models, was furthermore achieved by acknowledging the cultural and social-political arena wherein the current healthcare models in South Africa operate. The focused scan of salient and credible material and publications was extended to include research into healthcare outcomes achieved in countries with comparable economic and demographic profiles to South Africa. Supplementary research was also conducted into comprehensive aspects such as ethics and health economics in conjunction with recognised international healthcare models. The drivers of quality healthcare at primary and secondary healthcare levels and therefore also representing the constraining factors in the South African milieu being available healthcare practitioners, training, physical infrastructure, technology, access to facilities and the affordability of healthcare were explored to ensure the viability of the futures healthcare models contemplated. The identification of probable futures was accomplished by means of scenario development which focussed on the critical uncertainties of healthcare funding models and nationalisation as opposed to free market models competing for available resources in a semi-regulated environment. Thereafter Delphi techniques were used to acquire consensus from specialists currently working in the field of public and private healthcare along with stakeholders such as leaders of enterprise, healthcare funders and regulators as regards the identification of preferred future healthcare models that will meet, in a sustainable manner, the constitutional right to basic healthcare and enhance the quality of life and life expectancy of all South Africans. The relevance and credibility of the consensus opinions of the selected experts who participated in the research was again tested against the futures discourse publicised in the press to ensure that personal, cultural and organisational factors were not disregarded in the process. The study concluded on the fact that additional research and debate are required to ensure that the societal, organisational and individual aspects of the system wherein healthcare operates are comprehensively addressed by all relevant stakeholders in a manner that void of the neuroses caused by anxiety when thinking of the future. / AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Die doel van die studie was om moontlike volhoubare toekomstige gesondheidsorgmodelle vir Suid-Afrika te identifiseer deur gebruik te maak van tegnieke en metodologieë soos voorgehou deur deskundiges en hoogs belese akademici in die veld van toekomstudies, soos Ackoff, Drucker, De Jouvenel, Dostal en Roux. Die studie het, as gevolg van die kompleksiteit daarvan, ´n probleem-gerigte benadering tot toekomstudies verlang. Gevolglik is baie klem geplaas op rasionele analise-tegnieke, wat ondersteun word deur wêreldsiening-aannames aangaande die mens se vermoeë om die wêreld te reguleer en te beheer deur middel van nuwe wetgewing, reëls en regulasies. Die toekomsgerigte siening is gegenereer deur die gebruik van toepaslike metodologieë, soos byvoorbeeld omgewingskandering en die analise van tendense en uitkomste. Die toekomsgerigte werk is aangevul deur erkenning te gee aan die kulturele en sosio-politiese milieu waarbinne die huidige gesondheidsorgmodelle in Suid Afrika funksioneer. Die gefokusde skandering van kredietwaardige bronne en publikasies is uitgebrei ten einde navorsing oor gesondheidsorguitkomste, soos behaal in lande met vergelykbare ekonomiese en demografiese profiele, soos Suid Afrika, in te sluit. Aanvullende navorsing is verder onderneem en was gerig op omvattende aspekte soos etiek en gesondheidsekonomie, tesame met erkende internasionale gesordheidsorgmodelle. Die kernbepalers van kwaliteit-gesondheidsorg op primêre en sekondêre gesondheidsorgvlak, wat dus ook die beperkende faktore in die Suid-Afrikaanse milieu verteenwoordig, naamlik beskikbaarheid van mediese praktisyns, opleiding, fisiese infrastruktuur, tegnologie, toegang tot fasiliteite en die bekostigbaarheid van gesondheidsorg, is ondersoek ten einde die volhoubaarheid van die toekomsgesondheidsmodelle te verseker. Die identifiserings van waarskynlike toekomste is bereik deur scenario-ontwikkeling wat gefokus het op die kritiese onsekerhede van gesondheidsorgbefondsing en nationalisering, teenoor ´n vryemarkstelsel wat meeding om beskikbare hulpbronne in ´n deels-gereguleerde omgewing. Daarna is Delphi-metodieke gebruik om konsensus te verkry onder kenners wat tans in die veld van openbare en privaat gesondheidsorg werksaam is, asook belanghebbendes soos leiers in besighede, gesondheidsorgbefondsers en reguleerders, ten opsigte van voorkeur-toekomsgesondheidsorgmodelle wat op ´n volhoubare wyse die grondwetlike regte tot basiese gesondheidsorg en die verbetering van die kwaliteit van lewe en lewensverwagting van alle Suid-Afrikaners sal bevorder. Die toepaslikheid en geloofwaardigheid van die konsensusmenings van die gekose kenners wat deelgeneem het aan die navorsing is weer getoets teen toekomsgesprekke soos gepubliseer in die media ten einde te verseker dat persoonlike, kulturele en organisatoriese faktore nie in die proses misken is nie. Die studie het tot die slotsom gekom dat verdere navorsing en debat nodig is ten einde te verseker dat die sosiale, organisatoriese en individuele aspekte van die stelsel waarbinne gesondheidsorg funksioneer omvattend aangespreek word deur alle belanghebbendes, en op ´n wyse wat enige neurose wat tot angstigheid oor toekomsdenke kan lei, die hok slaan.

Thesis (MBA)--Stellenbosch University, 2012. / Railit Total Transportation (RTT) is a multinational corporation whose core business is to be a logistics and distribution partner to other multinational corporations. Many of RTT’s key clientele are in the healthcare and pharmaceutical industry, with various key relationships and networks being developed over many years of operation. RTT set the trend by becoming one of the first large South African companies to participate in and profit from the rest of the African continent at a time when it was not popular to do so. On a similar motivation, the current CEO of the RTT Group, Dr Iain Barton, believes that it is a strategic imperative to participate in the Base of the economic Pyramid (BoP), both for economic and developmental reasons. The BoP is not a new market, but recent interest in its potential profitability has being sparked in the business community by the works of management gurus such as the late C.K. Prahalad and the current sustainability champion Stuart Hart. This dissertation presents a case study that will analyse the phenomenon of developing a business model that targets the primary healthcare (PHC) needs of poor South Africans. This study will also extract lessons learnt from the case study in the context of existing BoP theory, primary healthcare in South Africa, and a similar initiative implemented in Kenya in the form of the Child and Family Wellness Clinics (CFW). The case study presents the reader with the pilot phase of RTT’s Unjani Clinic project, and contrasts the findings and lessons learnt from the two main pilot sites in Johannesburg’s Etwatwa and Wattville peri-urban BoP communities. This study also explores a smaller business model concept among Cape Town’s informal traders, also known as spaza shops. The data collection for the case study was undertaken in the qualitative research methodological format with a comprehensive set of interviews that aimed to triangulate the views of management, operational staff, community participants and patient participants. The strength of the case study findings is enhanced by the inclusion of comprehensive case study data, which includes verbatim transcripts of all interview participants and focus group participants. The database can be found at the end of this research report. Many lessons emerged that were both expected and unexpected, with three major themes coming to the fore: • The strategic funding of Unjani, within the dichotomy of profit and non-profit hybrid models • Challenges in achieving operational scale and efficiencies within the BoP • Marketing the value proposition to the BoP. RTT’s management has already begun to implement many of the lessons that have emerged. This includes the marketing mix that requires greater appreciation at a detailed ethnographic level of the dynamics of non-traditional BoP markets. The research report also provides other recommendations to stimulate demand in BoP markets as well as suggestions for the ideal funding and business partners to move this project forward. This research is unique in exploring the challenges of business model development specifically to service the healthcare needs of poor South Africans, and to contribute a small but significant part in the broader understanding of doing business in the South African BoP.