Philosophiae Doctor - PhD / The complexity of human health and its determinants has been developing gradually and the means to attend to them has gone beyond the scope of a specific health discipline. Advocacy is underway by health stakeholders such as the World Health Organisation (WHO), higher learning institutions and individual scholars to incorporate interprofessional practice initiatives in health as a means of ensuring that health practitioners share ideas communicate and collaborate in order to put forward a comprehensive management plan for patients. These initiatives seek to ensure that a problem that could hardly be solved uniprofessionally is shed light on. The University of the Western Cape (UWC) is among the universities in the world that have incorporated an Interdisciplinary Core Courses Curriculum to be undertaken by all undergraduate students enrolled in the Faculty of Community and Health Sciences (FCHS) hence aiming at producing graduates who are collaboration conscious in their practice. This effort adds into the UWC’s endeavor of producing socially responsible graduates. This study analysed the UWC curriculum in order to ascertain its cognitive rigor for delivery of the interprofessional competencies. It further sought to identify whether the effort that the FCHS is putting through the Interdisciplinary Core Courses in having an impact on the perceptions of final year students during their field work placements in various health care institutions. The study also sought to find out whether the health care institutions practice policies are interprofessional practice friendly. Finally, the views and perceptions towards interprofessional collaboration (IPC) of institutional manager’s for institutions where UWC places more than one discipline of students for practice were explored.

Darbo tikslas. Įvertinti privataus ir viešojo odontologijos centrų pacientų nuomonę apie profesionalią burnos higieną. Tyrimo metodika. Buvo atlikta anoniminė anketinė apklausa viename privačiame ir viename viešajame odontologijos centruose, esančiuose Kauno mieste. Buvo išdalinta 200 anketų, jas užpildė ir gražino 172 respondentai (atsako dažnis 86 proc.). Tyrimo objektas – pacientai nuo 18 metų amžiaus, atėję atlikti profesionalios burnos higienos procedūros į burnos higienos kabinetą. Statistinė duomenų analizė atlikta naudojant SPSS 13.0 for Windows versijos programinį paketą. Kokybinių kintamųjų ryšio hipotezėms tikrinti taikytas Chi kvadrato (χ²) kriterijus. Proporcijų lygybei tikrinti taikytas z kriterijus. Rezultatai. Pirmą kartą burnos higienos procedūrą atliko 16,9 proc. pacientų, kartą per pusę metų procedūrą atlieka 26,7 proc. pacientų, kartą per metus – 43,6 proc. pacientų, o kas kelis metus – 12,8 proc. pacientų. Geresnius burnos higienos įgūdžius bei žinias turėjo moterys. Jaunesnio amžiaus pacientai dažniau lankėsi pas burnos higienistą nei vyresnio amžiaus pacientai (atitinkamai 31,9 proc. ir 16,1 proc.; p<0,05) bei geriau vertino savo dantų būklę. Aukštąjį išsilavinimą turintys pacientai, turėjo geresnius burnos higienos įgūdžius bei geriau vertino savo dantų būklę, lyginant juos su aukštesnįjį ar vidurinį išsilavinimą turinčiais pacientais. Pacientai rinkosi viešąją, o ne privačią gydymo įstaigą dėl to, kad viešojoje gydymo įstaigoje pigesnės paslaugos... [toliau žr. visą tekstą] / Aim of the study. To evaluate the opinion of patients in private and public odontology centers about professional dental hygiene. Methods. An anonymous questionnaire was accomplished in one private and one public odontology centers in Kaunas. 200 questionnaires were distributed to patients and 172 patients responded (response rate 86 %). Patients older than 18 years were surveyed after their visits to dental hygienists. The data was analyzed by SPSS 13.0 for Windows statistical software. Chi square and z criterions were used to evaluate relations between the variables. Results. First time professional dental hygiene procedure was accomplished by 16,9 % pacients, one time per 6 months – 26,7 %, once a year – 43,6 % and one time in a few years – 12,8 % pacients. In a comparison of the responses of women and men, women had better dental hygiene skills and knowledge. Dental condition was estimated better in younger patients (younger than 45 years) and these patients were having professional dental hygiene procedures more often than older patients (31,9 % and 16,1 % respectively, p<0,05). While evaluating patient‘s skills, knowledge and opinion about dental hygiene it was noticed that respondents with higher education had more knowledge about dental hygiene, compared with respondents with secondary education. Patients selected public odontology centre because of cheaper service, good geographical location and a belonging to these institutions. Patients chose private odontology... [to full text]

Este trabalho teve por objetivo verificar o custo total dos programas de treinamento e desenvolvimento de pessoal de um Centro de Educação Continuada (CEC). Para isso, levantou-se os custos diretos e os custos indiretos relacionados à estrutura do CEC. Pretende-se também, verificar os custos diretos e indiretos dos treinamentos, o custo por participante e os investimentos nos treinamentos desenvolvidos. Como referencial teórico para análise dos custos, utilizou-se o sistema de custeio por absorção. Trata-se de um estudo exploratório descritivo na modalidade de estudo de caso. Foram analisados 7 programas de treinamentos para funcionários, perfazendo 307 treinamentos, desenvolvidos no ano de 1999, pelo CEC de um Hospital de Ensino, no município de São José do Rio Preto. Para a coleta de dados, foram elaborados 2 instrumentos: planilha dos custos dos treinamentos e planilha dos custos da estrutura. Os resultados mostraram que o custo total dos programas foi de R$112.750,24. Os programas terceirizados apresentaram custos maiores que os desenvolvidos internamente, com recursos próprios do hospital. Os dados deste estudo evidenciaram que a média geral do custo hora treinamento foi de R$74,56, o custo do treinamento por participante de R$32,39 e o custo hora participante de R$4,48. Foi também constatado que o investimento total nos referidos treinamentos, durante o ano em estudo foi de R$225.493,84 / This study aimed to observe the total costs of the staff\'s training and development programs from a Continuum Educational Center (CEC). With this purpose, the direct and indirect costs of this Center were investigated such as the relationship between the direct and indirect costs of the investiments, the costs of each participant and the investiments of these trainings. The system of expenditure for alsorption was used as methodology. This is a descripitive, exploratory study in the modality of case study. Seven programs of workers\' training, in a total of 307 trainings, developed by the CEC at a school hospital (São José do Rio Preto, SP) in 1999 were analyzed. Data were collected by means of two instruments: spread-sheet of the costs of training and spread-sheet of the costs of the structure. the results showed that the total costs of the programs were R$112.750,24. The programs that had been developed outside the hospital presented greater costs than the ones developed internally with the hospital own resources. The data highlighted that the overall average of costs/hour training was R$75,56, the training cost per participant was R$32,39 and the cost/hour participant was R$4,78. The total investiment of those trainings was R$225.493,84 during this year of study

Thesis (LLM (Public Administration)) --University of Limpopo, 2013 / Turnover of health care professionals is a global challenge and has severely affected developing countries. South Africa as a developing country is not exceptional on the problem of turnover rate of health care professionals. The high vacancy rate became evident in the recent years. The health institutions depend on the health professionals in providing quality health care services. The challenges that are facing the health institutions include lack of a clear understanding by managers of the factors that are contributing to high turnover rate of health care professionals as well as the formulation of effective recruitment and retention strategies. The prevailing of the rapid changes in the internal and external environment make it difficult for the health institutions to develop and implement recruitment and retention strategies in an effort to minimise high turnover of healthcare professionals. The purpose of this study is to analyse the factors that are contributing to turnover of health care professionals at Polokwane and Mankweng Tertiary Hospital in Limpopo Province. The study also provides recruitment and retention strategies that the management may apply them to minimise the high turnover of health care professionals. The population sample was randomly selected from Polokwane and Mankweng Tertiary Hospital. Data was collected and analysed from a total number of 150 respondents. A structured questionnaire was used as an instrument for the collection of primary data. In this regard, factors such as lack of medical equipment, poor management style, poor working conditions and high workload are found to be critical factors that are affecting quality health care service and eventually the morale of employees, and resulting into turnover of health care professionals

Este trabalho teve por objetivo verificar o custo total dos programas de treinamento e desenvolvimento de pessoal de um Centro de Educação Continuada (CEC). Para isso, levantou-se os custos diretos e os custos indiretos relacionados à estrutura do CEC. Pretende-se também, verificar os custos diretos e indiretos dos treinamentos, o custo por participante e os investimentos nos treinamentos desenvolvidos. Como referencial teórico para análise dos custos, utilizou-se o sistema de custeio por absorção. Trata-se de um estudo exploratório descritivo na modalidade de estudo de caso. Foram analisados 7 programas de treinamentos para funcionários, perfazendo 307 treinamentos, desenvolvidos no ano de 1999, pelo CEC de um Hospital de Ensino, no município de São José do Rio Preto. Para a coleta de dados, foram elaborados 2 instrumentos: planilha dos custos dos treinamentos e planilha dos custos da estrutura. Os resultados mostraram que o custo total dos programas foi de R$112.750,24. Os programas terceirizados apresentaram custos maiores que os desenvolvidos internamente, com recursos próprios do hospital. Os dados deste estudo evidenciaram que a média geral do custo hora treinamento foi de R$74,56, o custo do treinamento por participante de R$32,39 e o custo hora participante de R$4,48. Foi também constatado que o investimento total nos referidos treinamentos, durante o ano em estudo foi de R$225.493,84 / This study aimed to observe the total costs of the staff\'s training and development programs from a Continuum Educational Center (CEC). With this purpose, the direct and indirect costs of this Center were investigated such as the relationship between the direct and indirect costs of the investiments, the costs of each participant and the investiments of these trainings. The system of expenditure for alsorption was used as methodology. This is a descripitive, exploratory study in the modality of case study. Seven programs of workers\' training, in a total of 307 trainings, developed by the CEC at a school hospital (São José do Rio Preto, SP) in 1999 were analyzed. Data were collected by means of two instruments: spread-sheet of the costs of training and spread-sheet of the costs of the structure. the results showed that the total costs of the programs were R$112.750,24. The programs that had been developed outside the hospital presented greater costs than the ones developed internally with the hospital own resources. The data highlighted that the overall average of costs/hour training was R$75,56, the training cost per participant was R$32,39 and the cost/hour participant was R$4,78. The total investiment of those trainings was R$225.493,84 during this year of study

This study makes an empirical examination of the relationship between spirit at work and organisational commitment. It examines the organisational factors that foster spirit at work in individuals. A cross-sectional survey design was used to answer three research questions. The sample consisted of medical professionals. A mail survey was administered at three public hospitals. A positive correlation was found between spirit at work and organizational commitment. Sense of community emerged as central to fostering spirit at work. Copyright / Dissertation (MBA)--University of Pretoria, 2010. / Gordon Institute of Business Science (GIBS) / unrestricted

Theses ( MPH.) -- University of Limpopo, 2021 / Background: Maternal mortality is a significant public health problem worldwide, and is a vital indicator of the functioning of a health system. The South African maternal mortality ratio is higher than other countries with same economic growth, despite people having free access to maternal health. How to develop relevant policies and programmes to reduce maternal mortality factors contributing to maternal mortality was investigated. Aims of the Study: To investigate the factors contributing to maternal mortality in public health institutions in the Sekhukhune District, Limpopo Province, South Africa. Methods: A quantitative, retrospective study was undertaken where 138 medical records of maternal mortality cases reported between 2013 to 2017 were reviewed. A simple random sampling method was used to select files that met the selection criteria from seven hospitals in the Sekhukhune District, Information was collected on maternal demographics and health service-related characteristics, including age, marital status, parity, antenatal care utilisation of services and delivery type. Inferential data were analysed using the student t-test and SPSS version 25. Results: The mean age of the women involved in this study was 30 years, with a standard deviation of 5.7. All the women who participated in the study were black African. The majority of maternal mortality occurred in hospital. The women in the majority of maternal mortality cases were unemployed, at 93.5%, while most of the maternal mortality cases involved single women (71%).The women involved in these maternal mortality cases booked their ANC care and the major health provider was a professional nurse (58.0%), while 57.2% of the participants attended their ANC at primary healthcare facilities. Most of the maternal deaths occurred after delivery (58.7%) and, in most deliveries, the Partogram was not used (66%). HIV testing occurred in 99% of the maternal mortality cases. The causes of maternal mortality were both direct (71.0%) and indirect (23.9%) causes. The leading cause of maternal mortality was direct haemorrhage (33%), followed by eclampsia (27%) and infection (16%). The leading indirect cause was respiratory causes (22%) and retro viral disease (RVD) (9%). The personal factor that contributed most to maternal mortality was delay in seeking help (62%). v Conclusion and Recommendations: The personal factor, delay in seeking medical help by the women, contributed to maternal mortality and it was further concluded that the majority of maternal mortality cases did not occur as a result of any complications in ANC and delivery. It is recommended that the training of healthcare providers in the utilisation of the Partogram be implemented to improve skills in the management of haemorrhage and eclampsia. Furthermore, the management of complications needs to be strengthened through a multi-sectorial approach. / SAMRC

Šio darbo objektas yra sveikatos sistemos teisinė reforma. Rašant šį darbą, pasitelkus teisės teoriją, bandoma atsakyti į klausimą ar sveikatos sistema gali būti laikoma sveikatos teisės dalyku. Toliau keliama hipotezė, jog sveikatos sistemą Lietuvoje, kaip teisinių santykių visumą būtina aiškiai teisiškai reglamentuoti. Siekiant įrodyti šią hipotezę nagrinėjama sveikatos sistemos samprata, jos formavimas ir įgyvendinimas kaip teisinių santykių visuma. Toliau pateikiama sveikatos sistemos teisinio reglamentavimo teisės sistemoje problematika. Darbe apžvelgiami pagrindiniai sveikatos sistemą reglamentuojantys teisės aktai. Juose siekiama išskirti tas teisės normas, kurios apibrėžia svarbiausias sveikatos reformos dalis. Kaip ir kiekvienoje reformoje bandoma atsakyti į aktualius klausimus: ką mes padarėme, kur mes dabar esame, ko siekiame ir kaip mes tai pasieksime. Apžvelgus reformos etapus, išanalizavus pagrindinius sveikatos sistemos teisės aktus, nustatomos problemos. Išskiriamos ir apibendrinamos pagrindinės sveikatos teisinės reformos Lietuvoje dalys: padėties analizė, pagrindiniai tikslai ir prioritetai bei priemonės. Šių magistro tezių apimtis yra 63 lapai. / The object of the thesis is legal reform of the Lithuanian health system. This study targets the question whether the health system can be considered as a health law based on the law theory. Hypothesis of this study is that health system, as the whole complex of legal relationships, must be clearly legally regulated. In order to support the hypothesis the health system together with its development and implementation is analyzed as a whole of legal relationships. The topic of the health system legal regulation in the context of the law system is presented. The overview of the key legal regulations in the health system is given. The emphasis is made on those regulations that describe main parts of the health system reform. As usual in a reform it is sought to answer the following questions: what have we done, where we are at the moment, what do we want and how are we going to achieve this. The problems of the health system are uncovered as a result of reform stages overview and key health system laws analysis. Main parts of the health system legal reform in Lithuania (current state analysis, objectives, priorities and tools) are distinguished and summarized. Master thesis consist of 63 pages.

This thesis deals with topic of health care and social support in Carpathian Ruthenia in the 1920s. In addition to describing the development of the area, the work emphasizes the social aspects of the local population, which had a significant influence on their poor health. It also includes a part describing the activities of the non-governmental organizations active in the region, with the biggest attention dedicated to the largest organization, the Czechoslovak Red Cross. The thesis also brings personal impressions of Czechoslovaks working in Carpathian Ruthenia, whether in administration, in hospital facilities or on research trips. The final chapter provides a reflection of authors of another provenience - Ukrainian/Ruthenian, Soviet and Hungarian. Keywords: health care, social policy, Carpathian Ruthenia, poverty, hygiene, infection, underdevelopment, Carpatho-Rusyns, the First republic, journalism

The exploratory study aims to explore mental health representations in workers of two specialized institutions, through qualitative methodology. A total of ten members of two specialized institutions were selected, five from each, who comprise the interdisciplinary team in the area: A psychiatrist, a psychologist, a nurse, a nursing technician and a social worker. A semi-structured interview was developed to access the speech of the workers. Results show the representational world of the workers, their general conceptions about mental health, the factors that promote or interfere with it, as well as the reactions that a person that suffers mental illness generates, as well as expectations of improvement. / El presente estudio busca explorar las representaciones de la salud mental en los trabajadores de dos instituciones especializadas. Se seleccionó un total de diez participantes, cinco por cada institución, representantes de los trabajadores que conforman el equipo interdisciplinario del área: un psiquiatra, una psicóloga, una enfermera, una técnica de enfermería y una asistenta social. Para acceder a la narración y al discurso de los participantes, se aplicó una entrevista semiestructurada. Los resultados dan cuenta del mundo representacional de los trabajadores, exponiendo desde lo subjetivo, sus concepciones generales en torno a la salud mental, los factores que favorecen o interfieren en la misma, las reacciones que genera una persona que sufre una enfermedad mental y las expectativas de mejoría.