Thesis (M.S.)--University of Michigan, 1991.

Thesis (M.S.)--Purdue University, 2002. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 52-56).

Thesis (Ph. D.)--McMaster University, 2005. / Advisor: Vic Stzewich. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 267-290). Also available online.

No description available.

Orientador: Daniela Ponce / Resumo: Introdução: O prognóstico da lesão renal aguda (LRA) é desfavorável, com mortalidade intra-hospitalar de 40% a 80% e em longo prazo entre 15 e 72%. O impacto negativo da desnutrição sobre a evolução em curto prazo dos pacientes com LRA tem sido recentemente confirmado por diferentes estudos, já a evolução nutricional após a alta hospitalar de pacientes críticos tem sido pouco estudada. O objetivo do estudo foi avaliar a evolução nutricional dos pacientes após episódio de LRA e identificar marcadores nutricionais associados ao óbito tardio destes pacientes. Materiais e métodos: Estudo tipo coorte prospectivo realizado com pacientes maiores de 18 anos, com diagnóstico de LRA renal ou pós-renal, acompanhados pelo Grupo da LRA da Disciplina de Nefrologia do Departamento de Clínica Médica da Faculdade de Medicina de Botucatu (FMB-UNESP) e submetidos à avaliação nutricional completa que incluiu a antropometria, a ingestão alimentar, a bioimpedância, os exames bioquímicos, a força de preensão manual, a anamnese e a avaliação subjetiva global; realizada em dois momentos durante a internação hospitalar (no momento da avaliação inicial e na alta do nefrologista) e em três momentos após a alta hospitalar (com 1 mês, 3 e 6 meses). Resultados: Foram incluídos 95 pacientes, que apresentaram idade de 62,3 ± 14,7 anos, prevalência de internação em enfermarias clínicas de 71,6%, índice de severidade da LRA (ATN-ISS) de 28%, sepse como principal etiologia (32,6%), mortalidade intra-hospitalar de 13,6% e tardia de 25,6%. Foram associados à mortalidade no ambiente hospitalar a gravidade da LRA (HR=1,89, IC95%= 1,48-3,46, p=0,04), a ausência de recuperação da função renal (HR=1,46, IC=1,02 - 2,16, p=0,03), a perda de peso grave (HR=1,95, IC95%= 1,19-3,3, p=0,02), a reactância no momento da avaliação do nefrologista (HR=1,51, IC95%=1,04-1,91, p=0,01) e o valor da albumina sérica no momento da última... / Abstract: Introduction: The prognosis of Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) is poor, with early mortality rate from 40% to 80% and late mortality between 15 and 72%. The negative impact of malnutrition on the early outcome of AKI patients has recently been confirmed by various studies. However, nutritional evaluation after discharge of critically ill patients has not been studied. The aim of the study was to evaluate the nutritional status of patients after an episode of AKI and identify nutritional markers associated with late death in these patients. Methods: Prospective cohort study was performed with patients older than 18 years diagnosed with renal or post-renal AKI and followed up by AKI team, Department of Internal Medicine, Botucatu School of Medicine and underwent complete nutritional assessment that included anthropometry, food intake, bioimpedance, biochemical tests, handgrip, anamnesis and subjective global assessment. It was performed in two moments at hospitalization (at the beginning and end of nephrologist evaluation) and in three moments after hospital discharge (at 1 month, 3 and 6 months). Results: We included 95 patients, age of 62.3 ± 14.7 years, prevalence of hospitalization in medical wards of 71.6%, index of severity of AKI (ATN-ISS) of 28%, early and late mortality rates were 13.6 and 25.6%,respectively. Risk factors associated with early mortality were AKI severity (HR=1.89, 95%CI= 1.48-3.46, p=0.04), no recovery of renal function (HR=1.46, 95%IC=1.02 - 2.16, p=0.03), severe weigh loss (HR=1.95, 95%CI= 1.19-3.3, p=0.02), reactance at first moment of nephrologist evaluation (HR=1.51, 95%CI=1.04-1.91, p=0.01) and albumin at last nephrologist evaluation (HR=1.41, 95%CI=1.04-1.61, p=0.01). weight variation between time of first evaluation by a nephrologists and after 1 month of outpatient follow-up (71.10 ± 19.43 x 71.66 ± 21, p = 0.02) and with late mortality the number of comorbidities (HR=1.79, 95%CI=1.45-2.46, p=0.04), cancer ... / Mestre

A sample of 656 undergraduate students from multiple sections of an introductory nutrition course, a personal health course, and a physical fitness course at a large Midwestern University completed one of four surveys. Using matrix sampling, each participant completed a survey measuring one of four personal and social competence constructs; coping skills, interpersonal skills, intrapersonal skills, or judgment skills; 11 health risk behaviors, and college grade point average (GPA). Descriptive statistics, correlations, and multiple regression analyses were calculated to determine relationships among these variables. Thirteen statistically significant correlations were found among personal and social competence constructs and health risk behaviors. Health risk behaviors statistically significantly correlated with one or more constructs of personal and social competence included: frequency of marijuana use, number of days cigarettes were smoked, number of days alcohol was consumed, incidences of binge drinking, incidences of driving and drinking alcohol, alcohol or drug use prior to last incidence of sexual intercourse, non-use of condoms during sexual intercourse, feelings of sadness or hopelessness for two weeks or more that resulted in ceasing some usual activities, and number of physically inactive days. Statistically significant correlations were found most often among perceived judgment skills and health risk behaviors and perceived intrapersonal skills and health risk behaviors. Variance in academic success due to perceived personal and social competence and health risk behaviors was limited. Only a small percentage of variance in self-reported, college GPA could be attributed to perceived coping skills and judgment skills, while no variance could be attributed to perceived intrapersonal skills or interpersonal personal skills. Also, few health risk behaviors accounted for any variance in self-reported, college GPA. Results suggest strategies to improve undergraduates' personal and social skills may reduce engagement in some health risk behaviors.

Functional foods constitute a growing focus for research, product development and consumer interest in recent years. This study investigated the factors that affect willingness to pay for high fibre food on the market as well as respondents’ attitude towards the purchase of these products. The results indicated that those consumers in the high income group were more health conscious than their low income counterparts and willing to pay for high fibre products. The results showed that health risk perceptions as well as regulatory programmes affected consumers’ willingness to pay. The results also showed that at low percentage prices consumers were willing to pay for high fibre products. Gender and marital status did not seem to have an influence on willingness to buy for any of the selected products. Findings of the study could encourage food manufacturers to carry on with developments of functional foods since willingness to pay increased with increase in income. / Agriculture, Animal Health and Human Ecology

Made available in DSpace on 2015-12-10T14:23:52Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2015-02-27. Added 1 bitstream(s) on 2015-12-10T14:29:54Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 000851584.pdf: 1438887 bytes, checksum: f5b484c29744d12b5da935807b55f362 (MD5) / Introdução: O prognóstico da lesão renal aguda (LRA) é desfavorável, com mortalidade intra-hospitalar de 40% a 80% e em longo prazo entre 15 e 72%. O impacto negativo da desnutrição sobre a evolução em curto prazo dos pacientes com LRA tem sido recentemente confirmado por diferentes estudos, já a evolução nutricional após a alta hospitalar de pacientes críticos tem sido pouco estudada. O objetivo do estudo foi avaliar a evolução nutricional dos pacientes após episódio de LRA e identificar marcadores nutricionais associados ao óbito tardio destes pacientes. Materiais e métodos: Estudo tipo coorte prospectivo realizado com pacientes maiores de 18 anos, com diagnóstico de LRA renal ou pós-renal, acompanhados pelo Grupo da LRA da Disciplina de Nefrologia do Departamento de Clínica Médica da Faculdade de Medicina de Botucatu (FMB-UNESP) e submetidos à avaliação nutricional completa que incluiu a antropometria, a ingestão alimentar, a bioimpedância, os exames bioquímicos, a força de preensão manual, a anamnese e a avaliação subjetiva global; realizada em dois momentos durante a internação hospitalar (no momento da avaliação inicial e na alta do nefrologista) e em três momentos após a alta hospitalar (com 1 mês, 3 e 6 meses). Resultados: Foram incluídos 95 pacientes, que apresentaram idade de 62,3 ± 14,7 anos, prevalência de internação em enfermarias clínicas de 71,6%, índice de severidade da LRA (ATN-ISS) de 28%, sepse como principal etiologia (32,6%), mortalidade intra-hospitalar de 13,6% e tardia de 25,6%. Foram associados à mortalidade no ambiente hospitalar a gravidade da LRA (HR=1,89, IC95%= 1,48-3,46, p=0,04), a ausência de recuperação da função renal (HR=1,46, IC=1,02 - 2,16, p=0,03), a perda de peso grave (HR=1,95, IC95%= 1,19-3,3, p=0,02), a reactância no momento da avaliação do nefrologista (HR=1,51, IC95%=1,04-1,91, p=0,01) e o valor da albumina sérica no momento da última... / Introduction: The prognosis of Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) is poor, with early mortality rate from 40% to 80% and late mortality between 15 and 72%. The negative impact of malnutrition on the early outcome of AKI patients has recently been confirmed by various studies. However, nutritional evaluation after discharge of critically ill patients has not been studied. The aim of the study was to evaluate the nutritional status of patients after an episode of AKI and identify nutritional markers associated with late death in these patients. Methods: Prospective cohort study was performed with patients older than 18 years diagnosed with renal or post-renal AKI and followed up by AKI team, Department of Internal Medicine, Botucatu School of Medicine and underwent complete nutritional assessment that included anthropometry, food intake, bioimpedance, biochemical tests, handgrip, anamnesis and subjective global assessment. It was performed in two moments at hospitalization (at the beginning and end of nephrologist evaluation) and in three moments after hospital discharge (at 1 month, 3 and 6 months). Results: We included 95 patients, age of 62.3 ± 14.7 years, prevalence of hospitalization in medical wards of 71.6%, index of severity of AKI (ATN-ISS) of 28%, early and late mortality rates were 13.6 and 25.6%,respectively. Risk factors associated with early mortality were AKI severity (HR=1.89, 95%CI= 1.48-3.46, p=0.04), no recovery of renal function (HR=1.46, 95%IC=1.02 - 2.16, p=0.03), severe weigh loss (HR=1.95, 95%CI= 1.19-3.3, p=0.02), reactance at first moment of nephrologist evaluation (HR=1.51, 95%CI=1.04-1.91, p=0.01) and albumin at last nephrologist evaluation (HR=1.41, 95%CI=1.04-1.61, p=0.01). weight variation between time of first evaluation by a nephrologists and after 1 month of outpatient follow-up (71.10 ± 19.43 x 71.66 ± 21, p = 0.02) and with late mortality the number of comorbidities (HR=1.79, 95%CI=1.45-2.46, p=0.04), cancer ...

abstract: The Maricopa County Heat Relief Network (HRN) is an ad-hoc partially self-organized network with some attributes of hierarchical coordination that forms each year to provide heat relief and hydration to residents in need by operating as cooling centers. These HRN organizations are a collection of non-profit, governmental and religious organizations. This dissertation looks at the HRN from a complexity governance perspective and engaged different parts of the network in interviews to learn more about their perspective in delivering heat relief. Further, participatory modeling with a prototype agent based model was done with the HRN coordinating agencies to look for emergent outcomes in the HRN system and learn from their perspective. Chapter one evaluates organizational theory and complexity with climate adaptation, hazard preparedness and resilience in the HRN. Chapter two presents results from interviews with HRN facility managers and evaluates their perspective on how they function to offer heat relief. Chapter three finds that the HRN is a good example of complexity governance when engaged through a participatory agent based modeling approach. Chapter four engages the HRN coordinators in participatory agent based modeling interviews to increase their systems level awareness, learn about their perspective on heat relief delivery, and how the system can be improved. Chapter five looks across the different levels of the HRN investigated, the facility managers and coordinators, for differences and similarities in perspectives. The research conducted in this dissertation shows different levels of systems awareness of the different parts of the HRN and how participatory modeling can be used to increase systems awareness. Results indicate that there was very little horizontal network connection between HRN facility managers and most of the interaction was vertically coordinated indicating opportunities for increased network communication in the future both horizontally and vertically if communication interventions were put in place. / Dissertation/Thesis / Doctoral Dissertation Public Administration and Policy 2017

Estudos de coeficiente de partição mostram que o valor de Kp do metal pode variar ordens de grandeza conforme as características físico-químicas do solo. Portanto, o Kp é um parâmetro sensível no modelo de avaliação de risco à saúde humana, e normalmente é um valor nominal adotado por agências ambientais que pode não representar adequadamente o solo em estudo e implicar erros no cálculo do risco. Este trabalho tem como objetivos: avaliar a contaminação do solo adjacente à usina termoelétrica de Figueira por metais tóxicos; determinar o Kp dos metais As, Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Mo, Ni, Pb e Zn no solo pela razão entre a concentração do metal obtida por digestão com HNO3 concentrado e a concentração do metal obtida por extração com EDTA 0,05 mol L-1 (KpEDTA) ou Ca(NO3)2 0,1 mol L-1 (KpCa(NO3)2); e avaliar a influência do uso dos diferentes valores de Kp no modelo de avaliação de risco à saúde humana C-Soil no cálculo do risco. As principais conclusões foram: os metais contaminantes do solo de Figueira foram As, Cd, Mo, Pb e Zn, e o As foi o elemento mais crítico; tanto o valor de KpCa(NO3)2 quanto o de KpEDTA poderiam ser utilizados no cálculo do risco à saúde humana, no caso de Figueira, exceto para o Pb, mas o KpEDTA seria mais recomendado, por apresentar valores com menor dispersão; os valores nominais de KpCSoil dos metais poderiam ser utilizados para o cálculo de risco à saúde humana no caso de Figueira, ou seja, não teria necessidade de se determinar valores de Kp locais (KpEDTA e KpCa(NO3)2), exceto para o Pb. / Studies of partition coefficient show that Kp values of metals can vary orders of magnitude according to the soil physical-chemistry characteristics. Therefore, the Kp is a sensible parameter in human health risk assessment model. In general, a default value is adopted by environmental agencies and often it is not represent suitably the soil studied and can cause errors in the risk calculation. The objectives of this work are: evaluate the heavy metals soil contamination around the Figueira coal-fired power plant; determine the metal Kp of As, Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Mo, Ni, Pb and Zn in soil by the ratio between the metal concentration obtained by concentrate HNO3 digestion and the metal concentration obtained by extraction with EDTA 0,05 mol L-1 (KpEDTA) or Ca(NO3)2 0,1 mol L-1 (KpCa(NO3)2); and evaluate the influence of the application of different Kp values in human health risk assessment C-Soil model in risk calculation. The main conclusions of the present study were: As, Cd, Mo, Pb e Zn were the Figueira soil metal contaminants, being As the pollunt of major human health concern; either KpCa(NO3)2 or KpEDTA values could be used for human health risk calculation, in Figueira case, except for Pb, and the KpEDTA values were preferably recommended due to the less dispersion of their values; the KpCSoil metals default values could be applied for the human health risk calculation in Figueira case, in other words, it would not have necessity to determine Kp values of region (KpEDTA and KpCa(NO3)2), except to Pb.