Background: There are around 150.000 people with dementia in Sweden. It is common to suffer from BPSD sometime during the course of the disease, which adversely affects the quality of life. Symptoms cause impairment to varying degrees, making everyday life difficult to handle independently. Person-centered care means seeing the person behind the disease and it is necessary to find the cause of behavior and to compensate for loss of function. Knowledge of experience of working person-centered is a prerequisite for being able to provide staff with necessary support. Aim: To highlight healthcare professionals' experiences of person-centered care in BPSD. Method: This is a qualitative literature study based on 12 scientific articles. Result: The main themes that emerged were: Own conditions and obstacles, External conditions and obstacles and Contradictory feelings at work. With associated subthemes: Seeing the person behind the disease, To balance between strategies and routines,To take personal responsibility, To have knowledge and experience, Being in need of support and cooperation, To meet organizational / environmental factors, To have access to background information, To feel success and satisfaction and To feel insufficient and powerless. Conclusion: Several conditions that favor dementia care emerged from the results, but there were also factors and obstacles that hampered nursing work. Person-centered work practices increase the possibility of well-being for all involved. In order to care for people with dementia with a person-centered approach, more research in the subject, more resources and in-depth education is required. / Demenssjukdom är ett växande problem inom såväl hälso- och sjukvården som för samhället i stort. Det finns tillgång till symtomlindrande behandling men demenssjukdomar går idag inte att bota utan kan innebära ett stort livslångt lidande för de drabbade men även för deras anhöriga samt en ständig utmaning för vårdpersonal. De flesta drabbas någon gång under sin sjukdomsperiod av beteendemässiga eller psykiska symptom, som till exempel utmanande eller avvikande beteende. Det är viktigt att komma på vad som orsakar symtomen för att kunna lindra, förebygga eller minska lidandet. Syftet med denna studie är att beskriva vårdpersonalens erfarenheter av personcentrerad vård vid Beteendemässiga och Psykiska Symtom vid Demenssjukdom (BPSD) och studiens resultat baseras på en sammanställning av 12 kvalitativa artiklar. Resultatet visade att vårdpersonal beskrev egna och yttre förutsättningar och hinder och motstridiga känslor i arbetet. Att ha helhetssyn, förståelse och kunskap gentemot personer med demenssjukdom underlättar omvårdnaden. Vårdpersonal strävar efter att behandla personer med demenssjukdom utifrån det som passar personen och situationen bäst. Att anpassa mötet och se människan bortom sjukdomen är en viktig utgångspunkt som resulterar i bättre vårdkvalitet. Kunskap och kännedom om tidigare livshistoria är en förutsättning för att lära känna och förstå personen och arbeta personcentrerat vid BPSD. Olika strategier och rutiner används som redskap för att skapa kontakt och tillgodose behov. Vårdpersonal har erfarenhet och medvetenhet om att omvårdnaden av personer med demenssjukdom är komplex och kräver kunskap och tålamod. Det ställs stora krav på vårdpersonalens anpassningsförmåga då det som fungerar ena gången, kanske inte fungerar gången därpå. Vårdpersonalens erfarenheter handlade även om behovet av stöd och samarbete, att möta organisatoriska miljöfaktorer och ha tillgång till bakgrundsinformation om patienten. Samarbete mellan kollegor främjar personcentreringen och bidrar till en förbättrad arbetssituation. Svårigheten i att påverka organisatoriska beslut är märkbar och brist på resurser, samarbete och förståelse från organisationens sida bidrar till att vårdpersonal får svårt att arbeta personcentrerat. Detta tillsammans med vårdpersonalens erfarenheter av hur välfungerande personcentrerad vård gynnar arbetet med personer med BPSD skapar motstridiga känslor i arbetet. Vårdpersonalen kände sig ibland otillräcklig och maktlös men kunde även känna framgång och tillfredsställelse

Background: Currently, there is limited research on the importance and need for access to healthcare amongst refugee and immigrant populations in Canada. Amongst such populations are the Sri Lankan Tamils in Canada, who arrived in Canada as either refugees or immigrants due to the ongoing war in Sri Lanka in the late 1980s. Although Canada is home to the majority of Sri Lankan Tamils, there is minimal research showcasing the need and access to better healthcare for such individuals who have fled from a crisis, the civil war in Sri Lanka. As such, this study aims to assess and understand the experiences of the Canadian Sri Lankan Tamils in accessing healthcare upon their initial arrival to Canada and how these experiences have changed overtime. Methods: An Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis approach was used to conduct semi-structured interviews in English and Tamil with 8 Sri Lankan Tamil Canadians who arrived in Canada during the late 1980s and are currently between the ages of 55-75 years, residing in the Greater Toronto Areas. Interviews were transcribed and analyzed using the IPA to elicit themes. Results: The interviews revealed facilitators and challenges to access care within the past and present experiences of Sri Lankan Tamil Canadians. Past experiences revealed facilitators to access care, such as the influences of personal factors, the significance of social support systems and structural facilitators. The impacts of immigration status and acculturation in Canada were identified as barriers to access to care in the past. As for present experiences in accessing care, the degradation of the Canadian healthcare system revealed itself as a barrier to care, whereas settling down as a gradual process came up as a facilitator to accessing healthcare services. Conclusion: While Sri Lankan Tamil Canadian’s perspectives suggested facilitators in accessing care, their experiences still reveal many areas for improvement in the healthcare system for future newcomer populations in Canada. As such, these findings may have implications for policymakers who focus on refugee and immigrant health and service providers working with these populations. / Thesis / Master of Science (MSc)

abstract: This research is an anthology of a series of papers intended to describe the health state, healthcare experiences, healthcare preventive practice, healthcare barriers, and cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors of Asian Americans (AA) residing in Arizona (AZ). Asian Americans are known to be vulnerable populations and there is paucity of data on interventions to reduce CVD risk factors. An extensive literature review showed no available disaggregated health data of AA in AZ. The Neuman Systems Model guided this study. Chapter 1 elucidates the importance of conducting the research. It provides an overview of the literature, theory, and methodology of the study. Chapters 2 and 3 describe the results of a cross-sectional descriptive secondary analysis using the 2013, 2015, and 2017 Behavior Risk Factor Surveillance System (BRFSS) datasets. The outcomes demonstrate the disaggregated epidemiological phenomenon of AA. There were variations in their social determinants of health, healthcare barriers, healthcare preventive practice, CVD risk factors, and healthcare experiences based on perceived racism. It highlighted modifiable and non-modifiable predictors of hypertension (HTN) and diabetes. Chapter 4 is an integrative review of interventions implemented to reduce CVD risks tailored for Filipino Americans. Chapter 5 summarizes the research findings. The results may provide the community of practicing nurses, researchers, and clinicians the evidence to plan, prioritize, and implement comprehensive, theoretically guided, and culturally tailored community-led primary and secondary prevention programs to improve their health outcomes. The data may serve as a tool for stakeholders and policy makers to advocate for public health policies that will elevate population health of AA or communities of color in AZ to be in line with non-Hispanic White counterparts. / Dissertation/Thesis / Doctoral Dissertation Nursing 2020

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