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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
41

From partisans to politicians to punks World War II in Slovenia, 1941-2013

Gashler, Daniel Josef 27 February 2015 (has links)
<p> During the Second World War as many as 200,000 people lost their lives within the borders of present-day Slovenia. Most died as unarmed victims of executioners. Of the many ideologies belligerents used to justify this killing (<i>lebensraum,</i> racial purity, Fascism, National Socialism, defense of national honor, anti-Judaeo-Bolshevism, State Socialism, Communism, militant Clericalism...), none matter in present-day Europe: most are taboo and some even illegal. However, rather than forget a period when people were willing to kill for the sake of faulty ideology, Europeans have been telling stories of World War II ever since. The following examines how a collective tragedy has been reimagined into a largely triumphant national narrative in Slovenia. This Communist-era story has been so successfully constructed that many elements of the collective memory of the war remain dominant in present-day Slovenia. Part I of this dissertation describes the battle to direct mass discourses during the war itself, and shows that for Communist Partisans, directing discourse towards the goal of revolution was as important as gaining political control from the occupiers. Part II deals with the dialectic between Communist leaders' desires to create new socialist men and women, and these leaders' willingness to appease their citizens for the sake of maintaining political control. From this symbiosis, elites and masses constructed a collective story of the war that was broadly appealing. The story appealed most to veterans of the war, who used their role as protagonists in it to demand progressively greater financial rewards from the state; these rewards played a major role in finally bankrupting the entire federation. Part III shows that as state institutions began to collapse, the story of the war became a prime target for those who had been opposed to Socialist Slovenia since its inception. In the years since independence, the story of the War has become affiliated with a center-left view of Slovene political issues. As Slovenes deal with regional dissatisfaction with structures of European governance, the story of the war has taken on new meaning as a symbol of the struggle of a small nation against the impersonal forces of global capital.</p>
42

La culture diplomatique des années 1650, ou son imaginaire

Cote, Marie-Helene January 2012 (has links)
This dissertation aims at redefining the term diplomatic culture in the 1650s in France and England. This task will be done via a data of 10 French and English embassies and with the help of a unique source in the field of diplomatic history: the newspapers. While analyzing the articles of both the Mercurius Politicus and the Gazette, the diplomatic culture of this period seems to change in form, influenced by both the goals of the French and English governments in writing these newspapers, but also shaped by the views of the readers of this new medium.Beginning with a description of its methodology and the evolution of the different types of historiographies used in here, this dissertation then moves towards a parallel analysis of both the content of diplomatic correspondence and the articles of these two newspapers for this period. Such comparisons suggest that the diplomatic correspondence offers a more detailed, personal and even down to earth accounts of diplomatic missions. On the other hand, newspapers prefer to use diplomats as tools to promote various policies, values, and ideas. Diplomats, in such articles, do not have to defend their honor or the honor of their country: their presence abroad already symbolizes such an honor, according to the editors of these newspapers. Confronted with these two different perspectives, the definition of diplomatic culture needs to be reconsidered, mainly based on the actors affecting the evolution of this notion.Such a perspective demonstrates that by the middle of the 17th century, the representative public sphere did exist, but was also shared by a certain civil public sphere, where the voice of the public was starting to have its own weight. This public did not just limit itself to reading newspapers; it also affected their content by its own interests and values. Therefore, diplomatic culture was not only limited to the selected world of the diplomats and state leaders, but also spread to this new public and even evolved partly according to its own views. / Cette thèse propose un questionnement sur la notion de culture diplomatique durant les années 1650, en France et en Angleterre, à l'aide d'un échantillon de 10 ambassades françaises et anglaises et grâce à une source inédite dans le domaine de l'histoire diplomatique : les périodiques. Au fils des pages du Mercurius Politicus et de la Gazette, la culture diplomatique apparaît sous une nouvelle forme, modifiée en partie par les objectifs des gouvernements français et anglais lorsqu'ils faisaient écrire ces articles, mais aussi par les idéaux des lecteurs de ce nouveau médium. Présentant tout d'abord les menus détails de sa méthodologie et l'évolution de l'historiographie des différents sujets abordés ici, cette thèse offre ensuite une série de parallèles entre le contenu de la correspondance diplomatique et des articles de ces deux périodiques, pour cette période. De telles comparaisons permettent de découvrir que la correspondance diplomatique laissa une image plus personnalisée, détaillée et souvent réaliste des missions diplomatiques de l'époque. À l'inverse, les périodiques eurent plutôt tendance à associer les diplomates à des objets utiles, quoi qu'impersonnels, dont l'usage ultime était d'appuyer différentes politiques, valeurs ou idéaux. Les agents publics, au travers de ces pages, n'ont pas à défendre leur honneur ou celui de leur État : leur présence à l'étranger se veut à elle seule une garantie de la puissance de leur pays. De telles tangentes obligent à reconsidérer la définition de la culture diplomatique, principalement en fonction des acteurs qui en affectèrent l'évolution.Une telle perspective prouve qu'au milieu du 17e siècle, la sphère publique représentative existait, mais conjointement aussi à une certaine sphère publique civile, où le poids de ce public pensant se faisait déjà sentir à certains niveaux. Ce public ne se limitait pas à simplement lire ces divers articles : il en affecta aussi le contenu par ses intérêts et ses valeurs. La culture diplomatique ne se voulait donc pas seulement limitée au monde clos des élites étatiques et des diplomates eux-mêmes, mais s'étendait jusqu'à ce nouveau public, évoluant ainsi en partie selon ses vues.
43

The Grands Magasins Dufayel, the working class, and the origins of consumer culture in Paris, 1880-1916

Wemp, Brian January 2011 (has links)
France's transition from an agrarian-aristocratic to an industrial-consumer society accelerated in the late nineteenth century due to important innovations in the retail industry. The department store introduced fixed prices and rapid turnover of goods, making consumption easier and faster. These innovations were then spread to the working class of Paris at the Grands Magasins Dufayel. The store became more than merely a retail destination, however, as it supplied a form of leisure space and consumer entertainment in the working-class area of northern Paris. It also diffused advertising promoting a vision of a future consumer society in which the working class would enjoy greater material wealth and social opportunities, rendering traditional paternalism obsolete. In spite of its prominence in late nineteenth-century Paris, however, the Dufayel department store has been largely dismissed by current historiography which sees the advent of consumer culture as a fundamentally bourgeois phenomenon. But by considering the Dufayel experiment on its own terms rather than as an imitation of bourgeois consumer culture we gain new insights on several aspects of late nineteenth-century consumer culture. We learn that in many ways the bourgeoisie was ambivalent with respect to the emergence of consumer culture, seeking whenever possible products or advertisements that hid their mass-produced origin. In this light the department store itself, far from being a tool for the dissemination of bourgeois values, was often a threat to those values, and its elaborate advertising was needed to distract the bourgeois shopper from this fact. Bourgeois ambivalence about consumer culture was expressed in the outbreak of food-adulteration anxiety in the late nineteenth-century press, when consumer culture was associated with the decline in quality and, more importantly, the loss of authenticity in French food. Finally we are able to see how one example of consumer technology--the phonograph--triumphed in turn-of-the-century Paris because promoters were able to exploit class divisions in order to shape the public into a common consumer market. / La transformation de la France d'une nation agraire et aristocratique à une société de consommation industrielle s'est accélérée en fin du XIXe siècle en raison d'importantes innovations dans le secteur commercial. Le grand magasin a introduit les prix fixes et les taux de rotation rapide des marchandises, ce qui a rendu la consommation plus facile et plus rapide. Ces innovations ont ensuite été étendues à la classe ouvrière de Paris aux Grands Magasins Dufayel. Le magasin est devenu plus qu'une simple destination de détail en fournissant de l'espace de loisir et de divertissement dans les quartiers populaires du nord de Paris. Il a également diffusé la publicité proposant une vision de la société de consommation future dans laquelle la classe ouvrière bénéficierait d'une nouvelle richesse matérielle ainsi que des opportunités sociales, rendant obsolète le paternalisme traditionnel. En dépit de son importance à la fin du XIXe siècle, Dufayel a été largement ignoré par l'historiographie actuelle qui voit la culture de la consommation comme un phénomène fondamentalement bourgeois. Mais en considérant l'expérience Dufayel selon ses propres termes, plutôt que comme une imitation de la culture bourgeoise, nous pouvons acquérir de nouvelles connaissances sur plusieurs aspects de la culture de consommation à la fin du XIXe siècle. Nous apprenons que de nombreuses façons la bourgeoisie était ambivalente à l'égard de la culture de consommation, recherchant les produits ou les publicités qui déguisait leur origine industrielle. Dans cette perspective le grand magasin lui-même, loin d'être un outil pour la diffusion des valeurs bourgeoises, a souvent menacé ces valeurs; sa publicité était un moyen de détourner l'acheteur bourgeois de ce fait. Cette ambivalence a été exprimée dans la presse du XIXe siècle sous la forme de l'anxiété à propos du frelatage alimentaire quand la culture de consommation a été associée à une baisse de qualité et à la perte de l'authenticité de la cuisine française. Enfin nous pouvons voir comment une technologie de consommation - le phonographe - a triomphé à Paris quand les promoteurs ont réussi à exploiter les préjugés de classe afin de créer un marché de consommation commun.
44

How to become a renowned writer: Francesco Algarotti (1712-1764) and the uses of networking in eighteenth-century Europe

Smeall, Cheryl Lynn January 2011 (has links)
Venetian polymath Francesco Algarotti (1712-1764) was an internationally-renowned intellectual in his time. In 1737, he published a wildly successful popularization of Newtonian science for women entitled Il Newtonianismo per le dame, or Newtonianism for the Ladies. The fame he acquired after its appearance continued to increase over the course of his career, with the result that he was invited to join the court of Frederick II (the Great) of Prussia, and subsequently that of Augustus III of Saxony-Poland. In addition his sojourns at their respective courts in Berlin and Dresden, Algarotti travelled to and lived in many other European cultural centres, including Venice, Bologna, Rome, Paris, London, and St. Petersburg. Over the course of his travels, he forged friendships with many of the leading thinkers of the period, including Eustachio Manfredi, Francesco Maria Zanotti, Laura Bassi, Voltaire, Emilie du Châtelet, Pierre-Louis Moreau de Maupertuis, Lord Hervey, Lady Mary Wortley Montagu, and Antioch Cantemir. These contacts, and the numerous others he would come to form, would prove to be indispensable in the pursuit of his intellectual and financial goals. Algarotti's ambition was to become an internationally renowned writer. In a century in which scholarship was becoming increasingly international, and the market for, and reach of, printed material was considerably widened, aspiring writers faced both increased opportunities for fame and greater competition in securing the financial support they needed in order to pursue their art. Algarotti's example illuminates both the structures behind these conditions, and the strategies that could be employed in order to negotiate them, in a pan-European context. As an examination of his activities reveals, the formation, expansion, and maintenance of one's networks was crucial to one's intellectual success in eighteenth-century Europe. / Le penseur vénitien Francesco Algarotti (1712-1764) était un intellectuel de renommée internationale à son époque. En 1737, il a obtenu un franc succès en publiant un ouvrage de vulgarisation de la science newtonienne destiné à un public féminin, intitulé Il Newtonianismo per le dame, ou Le Newtonisme pour les dames. La notoriété qu'Algarotti a acquise avec cette publication a continué d'augmenter tout au long de sa carrière, et il fut conséquemment invité à joindre la cour de Frédéric II (Le Grand) de Prusse, puis celle d'Auguste III de Saxe-Pologne. En plus de ses séjours aux cours respectives de Berlin et de Dresde, Algarotti a voyagé et vécu dans plusieurs autres centres culturels européens, y compris Venise, Bologne, Rome, Paris, Londres et Saint-Pétersbourg. Au cours de ses voyages, il a forgé des amitiés avec plusieurs des grands penseurs de son temps, parmi lesquels Eustachio Manfredi, Francesco Maria Zanotti, Laura Bassi, Voltaire, Émilie du Châtelet, Pierre-Louis Moreau de Maupertuis, Lord Hervey, Lady Mary Wortley Montagu et Antioch Cantemir. Ces relations, ainsi que de nombreuses autres qu'il sera amené à développer, s'avéreront indispensables dans la poursuite de ses objectifs intellectuels et financiers. L'ambition d'Algarotti était de devenir un écrivain internationalement reconnu. Ce dernier a vécu au cours d'un siècle où le savoir devient de plus en plus international, un savoir à plus grande portée qui fait l'objet d'un marché, et dans lequel le monde de l'imprimé s'est considérablement développé. Les aspirants auteurs étaient confrontés, d'une part, à ces opportunités accrues d'acquérir la gloire, et d'autre part, à davantage de compétition afin de dénicher le support financier nécessaire à la poursuite de leur art. L'exemple d'Algarotti met en lumière les structures qui sous-tendent ces conditions, de même que les stratégies qui pouvaient être employées afin de les négocier, dans un contexte pan-européen. Ainsi que le révèle une analyse de ses activités, la formation, l'expansion et le maintien de ses réseaux était cruciale afin d'assurer son succès intellectuel dans l'Europe du dix-huitième siècle.
45

Becoming Nelson's refuge and Wellington's rock: The ascendancy of Gibraltar during the Age of Napoleon (1793--1815) (Great Britain, Spain)

Musteen, Jason R. Unknown Date (has links)
Thesis (Ph.D.)--The Florida State University, 2005. / (UnM)AAI3183096. Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 66-07, Section: A, page: 2690. Major Professor: Donald D. Howard.
46

Inventing the modern city urban culture and ideas in Britain, 1780-1880 /

Ferguson, Christopher J. January 2008 (has links)
Thesis (Ph.D.)--Indiana University, Dept. of History, 2008. / Title from PDF t.p. (viewed on Oct. 5, 2009). Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 70-02, Section: A, page: 0659. Adviser: Dror Wahrman.
47

Between Germany and Poland ethnic-cleansing and politicization of ethnicity in Upper Silesia under national socialism and communism, 1939--1950 /

Ehrlich, Adam. January 2006 (has links)
Thesis (Ph.D.)--Indiana University, Dept. of History, 2006. / Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 66-11, Section: A, page: 4146. Adviser: Maria Bucur. Title from dissertation home page (viewed Oct. 10, 2006).
48

A family at war negotiated ethnic identity in the former Yugoslavia, 1941-1991 /

Vuic, Jason C. January 2006 (has links)
Thesis (Ph.D.)--Indiana University, Dept. of History, 2006. / Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 66-11, Section: A, page: 4148. Adviser: Maria Bucur. Title from dissertation home page (viewed Oct. 10, 2006)
49

Lives of the zoo charismatic animals in the social worlds of the Zoological Gardens of London, 1850--1897 (England) /

Murray, Narisara. January 2004 (has links)
Thesis (Ph.D.)--Indiana University, 2004. / Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 66-01, Section: A, page: 0316. Chair: Thomas F. Gieryn. Title from dissertation home page (viewed Oct. 12, 2006).
50

Commissariat of the Atom the expansion of the French nuclear complex, 1945--1960 /

Adamson, Matthew. January 2005 (has links)
Thesis (Ph.D.)--Indiana University, Dept. of History and Philosophy of Science, 2005. / Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 66-02, Section: A, page: 0735. Adviser: James H. Capshew. Title from dissertation home page (viewed Oct. 18, 2006).

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