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Italian artists working in eighteenth-century Britain played a significant role in the country's developing interest in the fine arts. The contributions of artists arriving before mid-century, including Pellegrini, Ricci, and Canaletto, have been noted, but the presence of a larger number of Italians from mid-century is seldom acknowledged. Increasing British wealth and attention to the arts meant more customers for immigrant Italian artists. Bringing with them the skills for which they were renowned throughout Europe, their talents were valued in Britain. Many stayed for prolonged periods, raising families and becoming active members in the artistic community. In a thriving economy, they found opportunities to produce innovative works for a new clientele, devising histories, landscapes, portraits, and prints to entice buyers. The most successful were accomplished networkers, maintaining cordial relationships with British artists and cultivating a variety of patrons. They influenced others through teaching, through formal and informal exchanges with colleagues, and through exhibition of their works that could be studied and emulated.

A pesquisa apresenta uma análise sobre o Curso de Especialização em Arte/Educação da Escola de Comunicações e Artes da Universidade de São Paulo, que esteve ativo entre 1984 e 2001, fundado pela Profa. Dra. Ana Mae Tavares Bastos Barbosa e pela Profa. Dra. Regina Stela Barcelos Machado, procurando estabelecer um estudo histórico de seu desenvolvimento na universidade e refletindo sobre sua importância no cenário de transformações da área de Arte/ Educação nas últimas décadas no país. Além disso, o estudo busca compreender as proposições formativas promovidas por este curso de pós-graduação lato sensu que, potencialmente, impulsionou o desenvolvimento de seus alunos, alguns dos quais, posteriormente, seguiram suas próprias pesquisas, em nível de mestrado e doutorado, e ingressaram na carreira acadêmica, tornando-se formadores de arte/educadores. Para tanto, foram realizadas análises de documentos dos arquivos da Comissão de Cultura e Extensão Universitária da ECA e do Núcleo de Apoio à Cultura e Extensão em Promoção da Arte na Educação (NACE/NUPAE), bem como a captação de relatos de nove pessoas envolvidas no curso, entre fundadoras, excoordenadoras, ex-professoras e ex-alunos, incluindo minha própria narrativa. Assim, neste trabalho, a narrativa foi adotada em um processo ambivalente tanto como caminho de pesquisa pelos dados recolhidos como pelo aporte teórico de reflexões sobre formação de educadores, apoiado em Paul Ricouer, John Dewey, Walter Benjamin e Regina Machado, permitindo o reconhecimento do Curso de Especialização em Arte/ Educação da ECA/USP (1984-2001) como um desvio propositor na estrada da formação de educadores, ou seja, como uma ousada iniciativa que marcou presença nas transformações do panorama da Arte/Educação no Brasil. / The research presents an analysis about the Specialization Course in Art/Education of the Escola de Comunicações e Artes da Universidade de São Paulo, which was active between 1984 and 2001, created by Dr. Ana Mae Tavares Bastos Barbosa, and Dr. Regina Stela Barcelos Machado, seeking to establish a historical study of its development in the university and reflecting on its importance in the scenario of transformations of the area of Art/ Education in the last decades in the country. In addition, the study seeks to understand the formative propositions promoted by this lato sensu postgraduate course that, potentially, stimulated the development of its students, some of whom subsequently pursued their own research, at master\'s and doctoral level, and entered the academic career, becoming teacher educators themselves. In order to do so, analyzes of documents from the archives of the Comissão de Cultura e Extensão Universitária da ECA and the Núcleo de Apoio à Cultura e Extensão em Promoção da Arte na Educação (NACE/NUPAE) were carried out, as well as the capture of reports of nine people involved In the course, between founders, former coordinators, teachers and students, including my own narrative. Thus, the narrative was adopted in an ambivalent process in this work, both as a research route for the collected data, as well as by the theoretical contribution of reflections about teacher education, supported by Paul Ricouer, John Dewey, Walter Benjamin and Regina Machado, allowing the recognition of the Specialization Course in Art/Education of the ECA/USP (1984-2001) as a purposeful detour on the road of teacher\'s education, in other words, as a daring initiative that marked its presence in the art/education\'s scenario in Brazil.

Made available in DSpace on 2014-08-20T13:48:19Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Clarice_Rego_Magalhaes_Dissertacao.pdf: 16096572 bytes, checksum: 804b076b040268c515b4cd82c77ee764 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2008-07-08 / O presente estudo constitui-se em pesquisa histórica a respeito de uma instituição de ensino superior: A Escola de Belas Artes de Pelotas (EBA), atual Instituto de Artes e Design da Universidade Federal de Pelotas (IAD-UFPEL). O foco da investigação é o surgimento e os primeiros 23 anos da instituição, ou seja, do ano de 1949, data da fundação, como curso particular, até a federalização, em 1972, quando passa a ser uma instituição pública de ensino. O trabalho é realizado dentro da proposta teórica da História Cultural. O método empregado é a pesquisa documental, e são utilizados principalmente os arquivos da instituição, um arquivo particular e entrevistas realizadas pela pesquisadora. Estes achados da pesquisa são abordados de acordo com o referencial teórico adotado. O trabalho investiga e analisa as condições que proporcionaram a criação desta instituição e também a sua trajetória até a federalização (assim, paralelamente, o estudo traz elementos construtores de identidade da instituição). Para tentar entender este processo, faz um apanhado da história da cidade de Pelotas, da história das instituições de ensino de arte e investiga a participação de personalidades que teriam influído decisivamente na implementação do curso em estudo. Com as informações trazidas por esta pesquisa, pôde-se inferir que o surgimento da Escola em 1949 se deu por uma combinação de fatores, os quais seriam o contexto ( a cidade de Pelotas ) e a atuação de indivíduos, como Dona Marina de Moraes Pires cujo empenho em proporcionar à cidade um curso em nível superior de arte foi o que fez a diferença e o pintor italiano Aldo Locatelli.

Expressionism was the major literary and art form in Germany beginning in the early 20th century. It flourished before and during World War I and continued to be the dominant art for of the Early Weimar Republic. By 1924, Neue Sachlichkeit replaced Expressionism as the dominant art form in Germany. Many Expressionists claimed they were never truly apart of Expressionism. However, in the periodization and canonization many of these young artists are labeled as Expressionist. This thesis examines the periodization and canonization of Expression in art, drama, and film and proves that Expressionism began much earlier than scholars believe and ended much later than 1924. This thesis examines the conflicts in Germany that led to Expressionism and which authors and artists influenced Expressionists. It will also show that after Expressionism ceased to be the dominant art form in Germany, many former Expressionists continued to use expressionistic form in their works but ceased to use expressionistic content. This thesis argues that both the periodization and canonization of Expressionism should be expanded to include all works that may be classified as having expressionistic form.

This thesis examines the theme of commerce in four magazines of literature and the arts, all published in New York between 1915 and 1922. The magazines are The Seven Arts (1916-1917), 291 (1915-1916), The Soil (1916-1917), and The Pagan (1916-1922). The division between art and commerce is addressed in the text of all four, in a variety of different ways, and the results of that supposed division are explored for each magazine. In addition ‘commerce’ is also used in this thesis in the sense of conversation or communication, and is used as a way to describe them in the body of their immediate cultural environment. In the case of The Seven Arts, as discussed in Chapter 1, the theme of commerce with the past, present, and future is examined: the way that the magazine incorporates the European classical past and rejects the more recent intellectual past; the way it examines the industrial present, and the projected future of American arts and letters. In the case of The Soil and 291 (the subjects of Chapters 2 and 3) there is extensive commerce between them in the sense of intercommunication, a rival dialogic demonstrating both ideological and economic rivalry. These two chapters comprise an extensive examination of the relationship between the magazines, and shows how much of this involves commerce in the financial sense. The fourth magazine, The Pagan, is concerned with a different sense of commerce, in the form of its rejection of the American capitalist system, and is critically examined here for the first time. The introduction is a survey of examples from the whole field of American periodicals of the time, particularly those immediately relevant to the magazines described here, and acts to delineate the field of scholarship and also to justify the particular approach used. The conclusion provides a summary of the foregoing chapters, and also suggests ways in which each magazine approaches the dissemination, or ‘sale’ of the idea of the new.

This thesis analyses the content, tone, form and authorship of the national newspaper gossip column 1918-1939, as a new means through which the qualities of the popular press in this period can be more closely defined. Often dismissed as an example of the sensational, Americanization of early twentieth-century popular culture, the celebrity gossip column has been loosely grouped with the friendly, informal language and bolder formatting of the ‘New Journalism’ of the late nineteenth century and the development of the dramatic ‘human-interest’ stories of ‘everyday life’ in the interwar period (LeMahieu, 1988; Wiener, 1988). Through a comparative study of six newspapers including the Daily Express, Daily Mail and News of the World, I analyse the changing representation of the celebrity subject, and, originally, the shifting character and persona of the gossip columnist. Whereas some historians have analysed the content of newspapers without considering the questions of the newspaper’s production, I analyse newspaper employment records, gossip columnists’ memoirs and their unpublished letters and diaries to define the specific economic, social and cultural circumstances which, I argue, influenced their public portrayal. Also, in examining the unpublished correspondence between editors, proprietors and columnists and the burgeoning print culture of journalistic training manuals and professional memoirs, I provide a history of the press’s professionalization in this period. The national popular press has often been used as a historical source to define national character and national identity in the interwar period (Bland, 2008; Kohn, 1992). By scrutinizing the content and production of the gossip column and particularly the class, behaviour, interactions and subject matter of the columnist, I argue that the gossip column presented a version of ‘Britishness’ that was not so inward-looking and domesticated as so many accounts of interwar Britain suggest.

(in English): This thesis seeks to examine the state of the fine art in North Bohemia region at the turn of the 20th century. The period is dominated by romantic and realistic landscape art, which was also the domain of Fritz Gärtner. The thesis furthermore illuminates the life of German artists before and after the World War I in this region. The work focuses on Metznerbund group as it is considered the major movement among the German artists within the given period. Following chapters aim to illuminate the state of the fine art in North Bohemia region after the Second World War.The practical part of the thesis examines the life and work of a Sudeten German painter Fritz Gärtner: his early work from his hometown Ústí nad Labem, his studies at the Academy of Fine Arts in Munich and his first considerable exhibition named Arbeit (Labor). The research provides us with new findings that complement previous findings from my bachelor's thesis, which was focused on interpretation of selected Gärtners paintings, resulting in a complete monography of the Sudeten German painter. The research was based on secondary literature concerning the fine art in North Bohemia region and provides a broad scale of new facts about the artistic creation and life of painters within fine art associations in the 20th century.