Submitted by Automa??o e Estat?stica (sst@bczm.ufrn.br) on 2017-03-28T20:31:43Z No. of bitstreams: 1 AlineMedeirosCavalcantiDaFonseca_TESE.pdf: 532803 bytes, checksum: 7f5219046edceb7f23042c566f098523 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Arlan Eloi Leite Silva (eloihistoriador@yahoo.com.br) on 2017-03-29T23:34:10Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 AlineMedeirosCavalcantiDaFonseca_TESE.pdf: 532803 bytes, checksum: 7f5219046edceb7f23042c566f098523 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-03-29T23:34:10Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 AlineMedeirosCavalcantiDaFonseca_TESE.pdf: 532803 bytes, checksum: 7f5219046edceb7f23042c566f098523 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-12-19 / Introdu??o: A diferen?a entre os sexos ? um assunto j? discutido h? muito tempo, sob as mais variadas ?ticas e que perpassa pelas formas de manejo da sa?de e das doen?as de homens e mulheres. A asma ? uma doen?a cr?nica que atinge 4,4% da popula??o brasileira e se manifesta diferentemente entre homens e mulheres, com o passar dos anos. A mulher experimenta diversas transforma??es ao longo da vida e todas elas est?o de alguma forma ligadas ? produ??o dos horm?nios sexuais. As flutua??es hormonais que ocorrem durante a vida das mulheres podem explicar o comportamento da asma ao longo da idade adulta feminina. Objetivo: Investigar a associa??o entre asma, sexo e fases da vida feminina no Brasil. Materiais e m?todos: Trata-se de um estudo transversal, de base populacional, que utilizou dados da Pesquisa Nacional de Sa?de (PNS), realizada em 2013 pelo Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estat?stica (IBGE). Foram coletados dados de 64.348 domic?lios e foram entrevistadas 205.546 pessoas. Para a amostra desse estudo foram inclu?dos inicialmente dados de 60.202 moradores (34.282 mulheres e 25.920 homens), com idades a partir de 18 anos, que responderam ao question?rio individual e ap?s novo recorte, foi utilizada uma amostra de 32.347 mulheres que nunca fizeram terapia de reposi??o hormonal. A vari?vel desfecho - ter diagn?stico m?dico de asma - foi avaliada por meio do autorrelato, realizado por entrevistador treinado, conforme PNS. As covari?veis foram ra?a/cor, escolaridade, sa?de autorreferida, uso de produto do tabaco, dificuldade de locomo??o, hipertens?o e diabetes. Na compara??o apenas entre mulheres, foram inclu?das as covari?veis sobre cirurgia para retirada do ?tero e estar na menopausa. Resultados: Na popula??o adulta geral as mulheres t?m 43% mais chance de ter diagn?stico de asma que os homens (OR= 1,43; IC95% 1,24- 1,66). Na compara??o entre mulheres de diferentes faixas et?rias, as mulheres de at? 49 anos de idade t?m mais asma que as mulheres com 50 a 65 anos (ORAjustada=0,76; IC95% 0,66-0,88) e que as mulheres com 66 anos ou mais (ORAjustada=0,73; IC95% 0,64-0,85). Na compara??o entre as mulheres com 50 a 65 anos e as mulheres com 66 anos ou mais, n?o h? diferen?a estatisticamente significativa sobre a chance de ter asma (ORAjustada=1,01; IC95% 0,83-1,24). Conclus?es: Na amostra populacional brasileira pesquisada, as mulheres adultas t?m mais chance de ter diagn?stico de asma do que os homens adultos. As mulheres em idade reprodutiva t?m mais chance de ter diagn?stico de asma, quando comparadas ?s mulheres climat?ricas e ?s idosas. / Introduction: The gender difference is a subject under discussion for a long time, with many viewpoints and all them talk about health procedures and diseases that affects men and women. Asthma is a chronic disease that achieves 4.4% of the Brazilian population and becomes apparent by diverse ways between man and women, over the years. The Woman experiences many transformations in the lifelong and all them are someway related to the production of sexual hormones. The hormonal variation occurred in the women lifelong can explain the asthma behavior at hers adulthood. Objective: To investigate the association between asthma, gender and female life cycle in Brazil. Methods: This is a cross-sectional, population-based study, which used data from the National Health Survey (NHS) carried out in 2013 by the Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics. Data were collected from 64,348 households and 205,546 people were interviewed. To the sample of this study were initially included data from 60,202 residents (34,282 women and 25,920 men), with ages from 18 years, that responded the individual questionnaire, and after a new cut, a sample of 32,347 women who had never received hormone replacement therapy were used. The variable outcome ? have medical diagnosis of asthma - was evaluated by self-reporting, realized by trained interviewer, under NHS rules. The covariables were race/color, education, selfreported health, use of tobacco products, difficulty in locomotion, hypertension and diabetes. In the comparison only among women, the covariates on surgery to remove the uterus and to be in the menopause were included. Results: In the general adult population the women shows 43% more chance of having asthma diagnosis, over men (OR= 1.43; 95%CI 1.24-1.66). In the comparison between women of different age groups, women up to 49 years of age have more asthma than women between 50 and 65 years of age (ORAdjusted = 0.76, 95%CI 0.66-0.88), and that women with 66 years and over (ORAdjusted = 0.73, 95%CI 0.64-0.85). In the comparison between women aged 50-65 years and women aged 66 years and over, there is no statistically significant difference in the chance of having asthma (ORAdjusted= 1.01, 95%CI 0.83-1.24). Conclusions: In the sample of the Brazilian population researched, the adult women showed more chance of having asthma diagnostic over adult men. The childbearing aged women have more chance of having asthma diagnostic when compared to middle-aged and elderly women.