The newest European high performance material testing reactor, the Jules Horowitz Reactor, is under construction at CEA Cadarache research center in France. The reactor will support existing and future nuclear reactor technologies, with the first criticality expected at the end of this decade. The current/reference CEA methodology for simulating the thermalhydraulic behavior of the reactor gives reliable results. The CATHARE2 code simulates the full reactor circuit with a simplified approach for the core. The results of this model are used as boundary conditions in a three-dimensional FLICA4 core simulation. However this procedure needs further improvement and simplification to shorten the computational requirements and give more accurate core level data. The reactor’s high performance (e.g. high neutron fluxes, high power densities) and its design (e.g. narrow flow channels in the core) render the reactor modeling challenging compared to more conventional designs. It is possible via thermal-hydraulic or solely hydraulic Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) simulations to achieve a better insight of the flow and thermal aspects of the reactor’s performance. This approach is utilized to assess the initial modeling assumptions and to detect if more accurate modeling is necessary. There were no CFD thermal-hydraulic publications available on the JHR prior to the current PhD thesis project. The improvement process is split into five steps. In the first step, the state-of-the-art CEA methodology for thermal-hydraulic modeling of the reactor using the system code CATHARE2 and the core analysis code FLICA4 is described. In the second and third steps, a CFD thermal-hydraulic simulations of the reactor’s hot fuel element are undertaken with the code STAR-CCM+. Moreover, a conjugate heat transfer analysis is performed for the hot channel. The knowledge of the flow and temperature fields between different channels is important for performing safety analyses and for accurate modeling. In the fourth step, the flow field of the full reactor vessel is investigated by conducting CFD hydraulic simulations in order to identify the mass flow split between the 36 fuel elements and to describe the flow field in the upper and lower plenums. As a side study a thermal-hydraulic calculation, similar to those performed in previous steps is undertaken utilizing the outcome of the hydraulic calculation as an input. The final step culminates by producing an improved, more realistic, purely CATHARE2 based, JHR model, incorporating all the new knowledge acquired from the previous steps. The primary outcome of this four year PhD research project is the improved, more realistic, CATHARE2 model of the JHR with two approaches for the hot fuel element. Furthermore, the project has led to improved thermal-hydraulic knowledge of the complex reactor (including the hot fuel element), with the most prominent findings presented. / <p>QC 20161208</p> / DEMO-JHR

The purpose of this project was to apply the Quick Response System II (QRS II), developed by Alan J. Horowitz, Center for Urban Transportation Studies, University of Milwaukee-Wisconsin, to the city of Muncie, Indiana.The QRS II model is one example of recent computer models intended for micro-computers, which may be useful for smaller cities with limited planning staff or computer capabilities. The main point is to be able to forecast the impacts of urban developments on highway traffic and the impacts of highway projects on travel pattern.QRS II determines the total number of person-trips generated by each zone of the study area. It accomplishes this step for three trip purposes: home-based work, home-based nonwork, nonhome-based trips. It then distributes these trips from any given origin zone to any given destination, converts highway person-trips to vehicle-trips and assigns them to the links in the highway network based on travel time, and finally split the number of person-trips between transit and automobiles. QRS II also was used to determine the impact of new construction on the surrounding street system.The purpose of the pro t was not to do a complete transportation study. It was rather a test application of QRS II using the 1980 census data of the city of Muncie. We simply tried to get QRS II set up, running, and calibrated according to the findings of the model. The following chapters show the theory behind it, the different outputs, the advantages and limitations. / Department of Urban Planning

Denna studie har som syfte att undersöka hur tystnad gestaltas med hjälp av ljud i filmen A Quiet Place (2018) (John Krasinski, Bryan Woods &amp; Scott Beck med ljuddesign av Erik Aadahl och Ethan Van der Ryn). Studien har även som syfte att undersöka vilka narrativa funktioner ljudet fyller samt bidra till en djupare förståelse för hur det kan används för att skapa en upplevelse av spänning och rädsla.Uppsatsen innehåller en audiovisuell analys av tre scener ur undersökningsmaterialet (A Quiet Place) som består av Michel Chions metod Masking genom vilken en scenbeskrivning och en ljudhändelsebeskrivning upprättats. Dessa två beskrivningar har sedan använts som underlag för en innehållsanalys och Johnny Wingstedt’s narrativa funktionsanalys med författarens tolkning av ljudets berättande funktioner. För att söka svar på hur spänning erhålls med hjälp av ljud har teorier av hjärnforskaren Seth S Horowitz använts i en avslutande och sammanställande analys.Resultatet av analysen visar att tystnad gestaltas genom kontraster, dynamik och att ställa olika ljudnivåer i relation till varandra, en upplevd tystnad är en negation till den ljudnivå som den är ställd i relation till. Ljudet och musikens narrativa funktioner har i stor utsträckning visat sig vara att vägleda åskådarens uppmärksamhet, knyta samman scener och sekvenser i ett linjärt tidsförlopp och understryka känslomässiga uttryck. Studiens resultat tyder även på att upplevelsen av spänning till stor del erhålls på ett liknande sätt som tystnad gestaltas.

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This study explores the representations of masculinity in selected contemporary children’s adventure literature. According to John Stephens (2002:x), a problem for boys, both in narrative fictions and in the world, is that hegemonic masculinity ‘appears simultaneously to propose a schema for behaviour and to insist on their subordination as children, to conflate agency with hegemonic masculinity, and to disclose that, for them, such agency is illusory’. This issue, among others, forms the basis of the research as this paradox is particularly evident in texts that fall within the adventure genre, where protagonists present an image of empowered masculinity that has little or no correlation in real, that is, non-literary, childhood. Nevertheless, despite this apparent conflict, the discourses portrayed in these texts continue to influence society (in varying degrees) as they are promoted, perpetuated and disseminated through cultural productions. Moreover, as this research rests on the premise of a belief ‘in the cultural productivity of fictions’ (Knights 1999:vii), it focuses on literary material that forms part of the landscape of childhood in contemporary society. Therefore, this study analyses selected 21st century children’s texts in order to identify and discuss the representations of masculinity in these texts in the context of their publication at a time when hegemonic masculinity has long been a topic of popular and academic debate. The primary texts include the Arthur series by Kevin Crossley-Holland, Anthony Horowitz’s Alex Rider series, the Young Bond series by Charlie Higson and Steve Cole and the Bodyguard books by Chris Bradford.By using discourse theory as a lens to complement the masculinity studies approach, this research investigates the questions posed under the problem statement and presents findings that demonstrate that the gender models presented in the texts are, for the most part, cast in ‘the masculinist and patriarchal conventions that characterised imperialist adventure’ (Capdevila 2003:216). Thus, it is evident that the children’s adventure genre seems to be rather tardy in keeping with the times. Nevertheless, much of the conflict surrounding the performance of masculinity in contemporary society is represented through the texts and forms a significant part of the narrative. / Linguistics and Modern Languages

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Fokus i denna uppsats kommer att ligga på de etniska konflikter som fortfarande pågår mellan de tre folkgrupper och den nya konstitutionen i landet sedan Daytonavtalet undertecknades. Vid krigets slut i Bosnien för ca fjorton år sedan då landet låg i spillror implementerades Daytonavtalet. Daytonavtalets  huvuduppgift var att sluta fred mellan de tre konfliktgrupperna samtidigt se till att landet utvecklas utan att minoriteterna skulle förtryckas. Medan Daytonavtalet lyckades stoppa kriget och uppehålla freden misslyckades den med statens sammanhållning och upprätthållning av en fungerande demokrati. Krisen i Bosnien har inte förändrats sedan krigets slut, de nationalistiska partierna av samtliga tre folkslag blir valda gång på gång, fattigdomen är fortfarande ett faktum och landet är fortfarande beroende av utländsk bistånd. Som det ser ut just nu går Bosnien inte en ljus framtid till mötes.