Among global steel markets in recent years, China steel industry expands the fastest with the largest capacity and most fiercest competitions, also bringing the greatest impacts to global and Taiwan steel markets. A few aggressive Taiwan mills have set up their production facilities in China and commissioned. This study conducts in-depth analysis on the leading Taiwan middlestream galvanizers & coil coaters (the products are hot-dip galvanized & pre-painted steel sheets, hereinafter called ¡§galvanized & pre-painted steel¡¨). Besides, the steel works are categorized into Taiwan works, China works-Taiwan capital, China works-foreign capital, and China local works based on different capital sources. Analysis and evaluation are done in light of every activity in value chain. Six types of galvanizers & coil coaters are categorized based on different facilities and processes. Type I: Integrated galvanizers & coil coaters Type II: CSP galvanizers & coil coaters Type III: Independent galvanizers Type IV: Independent coil coaters Type V: Independent galvanizers & coil coaters Type VI: Independent full-process galvanizers & coil coaters Owing to their different market environments, development backgrounds, technologies, human resources and management, this study will analyze their strengths, strategies adopted, possible future development trends and potential challenges. This study especially focuses on one issue: in the atmosphere of competition and cooperation between steel mills in Taiwan and China, how China independent galvanizers & coil coaters-Taiwan capital and Taiwan parent company upgrade their competitiveness is crucial. Synthesizing related literature & theories, market & mill information and interviews, verifying by comparison, four conclusions are obtained as follows. 1. The more value chain activities a mill has, the more profits and stronger competitiveness it acquires. 2. Taiwan markets of galvanizing & pre-painted steel are already saturated. The competitiveness & development strategy a globalization enterprise should adopt is to increase its export percentages and establish offshore production bases. 3. For those mills setting up independent galvanizers & coil coaters in both China and Taiwan, the marketing strategies they should employ are described as follows. 3.1 Both China and Taiwan works receive orders and manufacture for their domestic markets. In terms of exports, only Taiwan parent company receives orders for both. But they export through Taiwan¡¦s existing channels globally. 3.2 To ally with different downstream industries and benefit each other. 3.3 China products are exported to ASEAN 10 nations, or 10+3, or 10+4, or any country that hasn¡¦t accuse China mills of dumping, whereas Taiwan products are sold to China, or any country that hasn¡¦t accuse Taiwan mills of dumping. 3.4 Products should be differentiated. Order receiving, production planning, lead-time and customer service should be flexible and elastic. 3.5 The chosen customers and suppliers must be big and strong in their region. Thus, the overall enterprise competitiveness is excellent. 4. In the past, steel companies self-expand to grow whereas today they grow via merger and acquisition. Any enterprise must have its value-creation strategy, i.e. it must have a growth strategy to react to the fierce market competitions. This study provides six recommendations for the competitiveness & growth strategies which could be adopted by domestic Taiwan independent galvanizers & coil coaters. 1. For the investors who invest in independent galvanizers & coil coaters for the first time, the first choice should be Type VI: independent full-process galvanizers & coil coaters. The second choice should be Type V: Independent galvanizers & coil coaters. Next, to set up an independent galvanizer is superior to an independent coil coater. 2. Independent Galvanizers & Coil Coaters should adopt the growth strategy that horizontal developing to a certain scale at the outset is the priority. Next, they should develop toward upstream instead of downstream. In order to eliminate capacity, they should ally with different downstream industries. 3. In the market of demand exceeding supply, mills usually self-expand to achieve larger scale. Nevertheless, when the market is oversupplied, it is recommended to adopt acquisitions. 4. Independent galvanizers & coil coaters choose the most beneficial investment items & scale and start their oversea development based on their growth strategies. 5. In the initial phase of plant construction, independent galvanizers & coil coaters should negotiate with upstream raw material suppliers regarding raw material supply matters. A good relationship should be built in order to secure stability of raw material sources. 6. To manage China mills-Taiwan capital and compete with other mills, the following measures are recommended. 6.1 To take advantage of the enterprise strength, develop specialized products and promote marketing features. 6.2 To promptly establish market reaction mechanism via the internationalization strategy of ¡§Integration-Responsiveness¡¨. 6.3 To employ human resources management to aid internationalization strategy. 6.4 Integration model created by overseas plant construction or acquisition can be adopted to integrate an enterprise¡¦s organization, culture and resources via dynamics management system.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-12-08T17:19:30Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 elementos pre-textuaus.pdf: 86552 bytes, checksum: b4f9afc7367b0456da6227d06b49d099 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2007-06-29 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / Blackeart malleable iron samples were galvanized using twenty different zinc bath compositions. Each bath was made with different concentration and combinations of bismuth, nickel, tin and aluminium. These additions aim not only to substitute lead, a hazardous element to the environment, but also to reduce coating thickness, usually higher than established by standards due to the great reactivity between cast iron and zinc bath. Additional studies were made to check the corrosion resistance and to check the maintenance or intensity of the coating s brightness. When using just bismuth and nickel additions to the zinc bath, it wasn t observed a considerable coating thickness reduction, but bismuth influenced bath fluidity, favoring better zinc draining and formation of more compacted and defined zinc-iron compounds. It was observed that bismuth decreased the coating s corrosion resistance, while nickel can increase the corrosion resistance when the bath has small bismuth concentrations. Tin addictions reduced the coating thickness when used together with bismuth and nickel addictions. However, tin did not only reduce the corrosion resistance, but also decreased the coating s brightness. Highest aluminium concentrations reduced the coating s thickness considerably when compared to the coating s thickness of the samples galvanized in the other baths. Aluminium also increased corrosion resistance when compared to the coatings of the samples galvanized in baths containing bismuth, nickel and tin. However excessive coating thickness reduction, caused by highest aluminium addictions to the bath, reduced corrosion resistance. Highest aluminium addictions were totally favorable to the coating s brightness. The combination of bismuth, nickel, tin and aluminium were effective on coating thickness reduction and some of these combinations also provided greater rust resistance and shinier coatings. Hence, the chemical elements added weren t detrimental to the environment and they are good alternatives to substitute lead in the hot-dip galvanizing process. / Amostras de ferro fundido maleável preto foram galvanizadas em vinte diferentes banhos de zinco, cada qual composto por concentrações e combinações variadas de bismuto, níquel, estanho e alumínio. Além de substituir o chumbo, um elemento tóxico e nocivo ao meio ambiente, objetiva-se com estas adições a redução da espessura do revestimento galvanizado, normalmente em excesso ao estabelecido em norma devido à grande reatividade dos ferros fundidos com o banho de zinco. Estudos adicionais foram realizados para a verificação da resistência à corrosão e para a verificação da manutenção ou intensificação do brilho dos revestimentos. Utilizando adições somente de bismuto e níquel ao banho de zinco não foi observada uma redução considerável da espessura do revestimento, mas o bismuto influenciou na fluidez do banho favorecendo o melhor escorrimento do zinco e a formação de fases zinco-ferro mais compactas e definidas. Observou-se que o bismuto diminuiu a resistência à corrosão dos revestimentos, mas o níquel pode aumentar a resistência à corrosão quando se têm adições menores de bismuto ao banho. Adições de estanho reduziram a espessura de camada quando utilizadas em conjunto com adições de bismuto e níquel, mas o estanho foi prejudicial à resistência à corrosão além de diminuir o brilho dos revestimentos. O alumínio em concentrações mais elevadas tornou as espessuras dos revestimentos consideravelmente menores quando comparadas às espessuras dos revestimentos galvanizados nos outros banhos estudados. O alumínio ainda aumentou a resistência à corrosão dos revestimentos em relação aos revestimentos galvanizados nos banhos contendo bismuto, níquel e estanho. Contudo a redução excessiva da espessura da camada, proporcionada por adições maiores de alumínio, fez com que a resistência à corrosão diminuísse novamente. Adições de maiores teores de alumínio foram totalmente favoráveis ao aumento do brilho dos revestimentos. A combinação de elementos químicos como o bismuto, níquel, estanho e alumínio mostrou-se efetiva na redução da espessura de camada, sendo que algumas destas combinações também proporcionaram maiores valores de resistência à corrosão e revestimentos com brilhos mais intensos. Além disso, os elementos químicos adicionados não são nocivos ao meio ambiente, sendo boas alternativas para substituir o chumbo na galvanização por imersão a quente. Palavras-chave: galvanização por imersão a quente, espessura de camada, resistência à corrosão, compostos intermetálicos zinco-ferro.

This thesis focuses on economic situation assessment of a company active in the field of manufacturing industry. The assessment is done using elementary methods of financial analysis. Based on the results, measures are suggested to improve the financial situation of the company. An analysis of general and field-specific surrounding of the assessed organization is also included in the thesis.

Recently, Zn-XAl-YMg coatings have emerged as lighter-weight substitutes for traditional Zn-based coatings for the corrosion protection of steels; however, little is currently known concerning the interactions between the oxides present on advanced high strength steel (AHSS) surfaces and the Zn-Al-Mg bath. In the current contri- bution, the selective oxidation and reactive wetting of a series of C-Mn AHSS were determined with the objective of providing a quantitative description of this pro- cess. The process atmosphere pO2 was varied using dew points of −50◦C, −30◦C and −5◦C. The surface oxide chemistry and morphology were analysed by means of SEM and XPS techniques. Reactive wetting of the selectively oxidized surfaces using a Zn-1.6 wt.% Al-1.6 wt.% Mg bath was monitored as a function of annealing time at 60 s, 100 s and 140 s at 800◦C. The resulting bare spot defects in the Zn-1.6 wt.% Al-1.6 wt.% Mg coating were assessed by means of SAM-AES and FIB, while coating adhesion was analysed by 180◦ bend tests. Annealing the steel substrates resulted in the formation of surface MnO, which varied based on pO2 and Mn alloy content, and that this MnO greatly reduced the wettability of the steel by the Zn-1.6 wt.% Al- 1.6 wt.% Mg bath, resulting in bare spot defects. It was determined that the reactive wetting of the steel substrate was dependant on the oxide morphology and oxidation mode, which was a function of both alloying content of Mn in the steel and annealing pO2 process atmosphere (dew point). Finally, it was concluded that the bare spot area percentage on the coated panels was statistically invariant for annealing times of between 60 s and 140 s at 800◦C. / Thesis / Master of Applied Science (MASc) / Metallic coatings are applied to steels that are not naturally corrosion resistant. The aim of this research was to determine how well a coating containing zinc, aluminum and magnesium adhered to high strength automotive steel. It was deter- mined that manganese oxides formed on the steel during heating prior to applying the metallic coating. The manganese oxides prevented good adhesion between the steel and the coating, resulting in bare spot defects in the coating. The bare spot defects are undesirable as they leave the steel exposed and therefore susceptible to corrosion and are unsightly when painted.