O objetivo desta pesquisa é investigar a adequação da Análise de Mercado Imobiliário AMI ao caso do município de São Paulo. Em particular, na análise do chamado mercado econômico de moradias 5 a 10 salários mínimos de renda familiar, segmento que é tido como possuidor de renda superior à necessária para ser enquadrado nos programas oficiais, mas insuficiente para adquirir moradia produzida pelo mercado formal. Como uma política imobiliária urbana poderia criar as condições para que estas famílias pudessem ser atendidas pelo mercado formal, em áreas mais centrais da cidade? Para responder a esta questão é necessário compreender a dinâmica residencial deste mercado econômico, tema em que a pesquisa acadêmica tem sido incipiente. A tese concentrou-se na mensuração da demanda disponível por categorias de renda, que foi cruzada com a oferta de moradias pelo mercado. Os resultados indicam para o município de São Paulo, um parcial ajuste no centro das duas curvas, em 2006, e um descolamento nas pontas, ou seja, há uma importante demanda não atendida para a categoria de renda de 5 a 10 salários mínimos e uma sobre-oferta para rendas superiores a 30 salários mínimos. Em 2007, a melhoria nas condições de crédito aumentou em 30% o valor médio dos imóveis financiados, resultando em um deslocamento vertical da curva de oferta e, conseqüentemente, uma diminuição da demanda não atendida pelo mercado econômico. Aparentemente o uso da AMI foi adequado à realidade paulistana. / The purpose of this research was to study whether Real Estate Market Analysis has been adequate to the case of the municipality of São Paulo housing market. Particularly, to focus on the so called low cost housing between 5 and 10 minimum wages family income. This segment is understood as having income that is superior to those in the governmental housing programs but that is not enough to afford buying a house in the formal market. How a Real Estate development policy could create conditions for those families to afford to buy a house close to the more central areas of the city? In order to answer this question, it is necessary to understand the dynamics of low cost housing a subject somehow neglected in academics. The Dissertation has focused on the measurement of housing demand curve for different income brackets and comparing it with the housing supply curve. The results for São Paulo, for the year of 2006, indicated a partial alignment of the curves and a separation between them at the edges. It means that there is an important non-attended demand for the 5 to 10 minimum wages income bracket, and on the other hand, an over supply of housing for families with income over 30 minimum wages. For 2007, better credit terms resulted in 30 % increase in housing financing, shifting upwards the supply curve and, therefore, decreasing low cost housing demand. Real Estate Market Analysis seemed to be adequate for analyzing the São Paulo market.

The forecasted proportions of urban population to total population in Malaysia are steadily increasing from 26% in 1965 to 70% in 2020. Therefore, there is a need to fully appreciate the legacy of the urbanization of Malaysia by providing affordable housing. The main aim of this study is to focus on developing a model to forecast the demand of low cost housing in urban areas. The study is focused on eight states in Peninsular Malaysia, as most of these states are among the areas predicted to have achieved the highest urbanization level in the country. The states are Kedah, Penang, Perlis, Kelantan, Terengganu, Perak, Pahang and Johor. Monthly time-series data for six to eight years of nine indicators including: population growth; birth rate; child mortality rate; unemployment rate; household income rate; inflation rate; GDP; poverty rate and housing stocks have been used to forecast the demand on low cost housing using Artificial Neural Network (ANN) approach. The data is collected from the Department of Malaysian Statistics, the Ministry of Housing and the Housing Department of the State Secretary. The Principal Component Analysis (PCA) method has been adopted to analyze the data using SPSS 18.0 package. The performance of the Neural Network is evaluated using R squared (R2) and the accuracy of the model is measured using the Mean Absolute Percentage Error (MAPE). Lastly, a user friendly interface is developed using Visual Basic. From the results, it was found that the best Neural Network to forecast the demand on low cost housing in Kedah is 2-16-1, Pahang 2-15-1, Kelantan 2-25-1, Terengganu 2-30-1, Perlis 3-5-1, Pulau Pinang 3-7-1, Johor 3-38-1 and Perak 3-24-1. In conclusion, the evaluation performance of the model through the MAPE value shows that the NN model can forecast the low-cost housing demand very good in Pulau Pinang, Johor, Pahang and Kelantan, where else good in Kedah and Terengganu while in Perlis and Perak it is not accurate due to the lack of data. The study has successfully developed a user friendly interface to retrieve and view all the data easily.

Para analisar a evolução da produção habitacional privada é necessário compará-la ao comportamento da demanda, que, neste caso, tem a formação de domicílios como uma de suas principais componentes. Analisando o mercado habitacional brasileiro, tem-se uma clara tendência de incremento no número de unidades produzidas após o final da década de 70, resultado do crescimento populacional e da forte atuação do Banco Nacional da Habitação (BNH), principal fomentador deste setor naquele período por meio do Sistema Financeiro de Habitação (SFH). No entanto, nas duas décadas subseqüentes, mesmo com a continuidade do incremento de domicílios no país, a produção de unidades experimentou um período de retração. Esta nova condição provocou um descolamento entre a produção habitacional privada e a sua principal componente de demanda: a formação de domicílios. Após a deterioração do ambiente econômico e a extinção do BNH, o mercado de empreendimentos imobiliários habitacionais sofreu com a falta de direcionamento de recursos para o setor. Esta condição somente se alterou a partir de 2002, com alterações na dinâmica do SFH e de uma melhora no ambiente econômico de forma geral, que, em conjunto, contribuíram para o regresso de recursos ao mercado habitacional e impactaram positivamente a produção de novas unidades. Em 2006 foram realizadas as primeiras aberturas de capital dos empreendedores do setor, o que trouxe ainda mais recursos para o mercado e elevou o nível da produção habitacional privada a outro patamar. Este trabalho realiza uma revisão bibliográfica sobre o tema demanda habitacional e suas interfaces com o ambiente econômico. A partir da análise da produção habitacional privada na cidade de São Paulo de 1998 até 2008 frente às variáveis condicionantes selecionadas: formação de domicílios, renda, oferta de recursos, custos do financiamento habitacional, preço e taxa de atratividade são interpretadas as fontes de distorção que provocaram o descolamento entre a formação de domicílios e a produção habitacional privada no período. / When analyzing the residential real estate market one of the main factors that influence its behavior is the demand, which has a strong relation with the household formation. According to the Brazilian housing market history, it is possible to notice an upward trend after the end of the 70´s, which was positively influenced by the population growth and the strong performance of the Banco Nacional da Habitação (BNH) - the main financial institution player responsible to support the sector in that period. However, in the next two decades, even considering the Brazilian household increase, the residential real estate market faced a decrease in the new offer of units causing a gap between the housing construction and its main demand component: the household formation. After the economic turmoil and the extinction of the BNH, the residential real estate market had no access to sources of funds to support the business. This scenario started to change in 2002, after an improvement in the Brazilian economic conditions and in the SFH, which ended up with an increase in the availability of funds to the sector, a better business environment and a growth in the housing construction. In 2006 the first developers went public bringing more funds to the sector and leading the housing construction to a new level. This paper analysis the academic works state of art regarding the housing demand and its interfaces with the economic environment. The causes of the gap between the housing construction and the household formation are identified according to the behavior of the variables selected: household formation, income, availability of funds, financing costs, price and capitalization rate.

This thesis deals with housing policy and housing finance in Czech and Slovak republics. Selected topics are matched with some states of the European Union. The first chapter deals with a general analysis of housing and housing policy, the theoretical possibilities of the division of housing and housing policy instruments. At the end of the chapter speaks about the importance of resources and funding to the housing sector. The second chapter is already more engaged in the development of housing policy and housing in the Czech Republic and Slovakia. In both countries are described the development of housing policy after 1989, the current housing policy and housing situation. The end of the chapter compares determined facts. The third chapter explains the various support tools and funding opportunities for housing through the Housing Development Fund, building savings and mortgages. The fourth chapter crowns the earliers, in which are compared some of the problems in the housing area of Czech Republic and Slovakia in selected states of the European Union.

Credit market frictions, captured by mortgage spreads, are potentially an equally important driver behind mortgage rate innovations as monetary policy. Possibly a significant driver of business cycles. Yet, the effect of such shocks on the economy has barely received any attention in empirical research. By estimating a SVAR for 12 EU countries, I find that mortgage spread shocks have a significant effect on GDP, consumption, residential investment and house prices. The magnitude of their effects is comparable to a monetary policy shock. I also find that the transmission mechanism of such shocks is influenced by mortgage market characteristics. A high mortgage debt-to-GDP ratio and widespread use of mortgage equity withdrawal, compared to a lower ratio and less or no use, potentially imply a stronger response in house prices and residential investment of 0.5 and 1 percent respectively.

Real estate industry is a new economic growth point and main industry in Chinese gross domestic product nowadays. This paper analyzes the trend of Chinese real estate market development to help investors to understand the current situation of Chinese real estate markets and policies better, so as to make better real estate investment decisions in China in the future. Because of oversaturated with investment and higher cost of investment there are more and more limitations in investing in big cities in China. With the rapid development of the economy, the huge inner demand of real estate is increasing in medium and small sized cities. Some investigations show that there are huge spaces of the appreciation in Chinese real estate market in medium and small sized cities. The author will describe and analyze the investment strategy and development of Fuxing Huiyu Real Estate Corporation as a case study. The demonstrated company is a public company with rapid growth in a medium sized city named Wuhan in the central part of China. Other investment companies or real estate companies could get some ideas by analyzing the development and decision making process of this company.

No description available.

The aim of this thesis is to examine the influence of selected characteristics of sold flats (2007-2012) in Prague on the selling price. The analysis is made on group of similar flats of size 3+1 and 3+kk. Data consist of 1185 observations. I am using the hedonic price method to investigate the influence of selected variables. The results indicate that with rise in availability by 1% the price of flat decrease by 0, 13%, with rise of its size the price rise by 0,92%. The price of flats rise by 13% when the cooperative ownership change to personal ownership The change of construction materials from panel to bricks rise the price of flat by 23%, the reconstruction of bathroom rise the price by 5,7%. Other finding is that overall reconstruction rises the price by 11%. Garage increase the price by 24%. Finally the hypothesis that flat in the ground floor is negatively viewed and the price of flat decrease by 2, 5%.

Many San Francisco residents who have achieved new wealth from the expansion of the technology industry are paying record high prices for homes. But the city is landlocked and has a limited housing supply. I study the impact of the technology boom on the increase of housing prices in the city and the outflow of the middle class, by analyzing housing supply and demand, regulations, neighboring towns, home ownership, and housing price potential solutions. I find that the increase in technology jobs creates an employment multiplier effect, decrease in housing supply, increased competition and all-cash offers, and income inequality. Policymakers and activist neighborhood groups need to focus on continually increasing housing supply through dense development incentives and legalizing in-law units.

(Geo)demographic factors of consumers' behaviour Abstract The master's thesis deals with issues of consumer behavior in its theoretical plane. In order to empirically analyze behavior of consumers on the demand of housing, within the limits of population development of the Slovak Republic between the years 1990 and 2060. The objective of the analysis is the construction of housing demand query functions in the Slovak Republic, which indicates the trends of housing demand. Model translates demographic changes in the population behavior in quantitative and structural changes of the housing demand. The result is that, despite the expression of uncertainty in the development of behavioral population has forecast housing demand for the high rate of inertia. The latter starting from the stability of the age structure of the population. We are assuming that the period of the next sixty years will be characterized by changes in trends in the development of the population of a continuously aging population. What was negative and reflected in the curve of housing demand. Keywords: consumer, purchaser, demographic changes, population forcast, demand forcast, real estate, housing demand