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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
1

Investigation of ordered structures in oxidation-synthesized α-Fe₂O₃ nanowhiskers with Cs-corrected HR-TEM and monochromated core-loss EELS / 球面収差補正高分解能透過電子顕微鏡法と単色化内殻電子励起エネルギー損失分光法による酸化合成されたα-酸化鉄ナノウィスカー中の規則構造の研究

Lai, Ming-Wei 24 September 2021 (has links)
京都大学 / 新制・課程博士 / 博士(理学) / 甲第23459号 / 理博第4753号 / 新制||理||1681(附属図書館) / 京都大学大学院理学研究科化学専攻 / (主査)教授 倉田 博基, 教授 島川 祐一, 教授 寺西 利治 / 学位規則第4条第1項該当 / Doctor of Science / Kyoto University / DGAM
2

Interconnection of nanoparticles within 2D superlattices of PbS/oleic acid thin films

Simon, P., Bahrig, L., Baburin, I.A., Formanek, P., Roder, F., Sickmann, J., Hickey, Stephen G., Eychmüller, A., Lichte, H., Kniep, R., Rosseeva, E. 03 November 2014 (has links)
No / Make it connected! 2D close-packed layers of inorganic nanoparticles are interconnected by organic fibrils of oleic acid as clearly visualized by electron holography. These fibrils can be mineralised by PbS to transform an organic-inorganic framework to a completely interconnected inorganic semiconducting 2D array.
3

Structural and catalytic analysis of gold-palladium composite nanoalloys

Kaiser, Julian Winfried 14 March 2013 (has links)
In der vorliegenden Arbeit wurden facettierte Nanolegierungen aus Gold und Palladium in der Größenordnung von 1 – 3 nm synthetisiert und charakterisiert. Die Synthese erfolgte in sphärischen Polyelektrolytbürsten (SPB), welche als Stabilisatorsystem fungierten. Die Strukturaufklärung erfolgte mittels hochauflösender Transmissionselektronenmikroskopie (HR-TEM) und Extended X-ray Absorption Fine Structure (EXAFS) Spektroskopie. Die Nanolegierungen wurden als Katalysatoren zur Reduktion von 4-Nitrophenol verwendet, wobei eine gesteigerte katalytische Aktivität, im Vergleich zu monometallischen Nanopartikeln, beobachtet wurde. Im HR-TEM wurden auf den Kanten der Metallkristalle Oberflächendefekte in Form von Stufen sichtbar, wobei eine Korrelation der Oberflächendefekte zur katalytischen Aktivität hergestellt wurde. Durch EXAFS-Analysen konnte nachgewiesen werden, dass eine Zusammensetzung von 75 mol-% Gold und 25 mol-% Palladium annähernd eine statistische Mischung aufweist. Mit steigendem Palladiumgehalt wurde eine leichte Anreicherung von Palladium an der Oberfläche der Partikel, sowie nichtmetallisches Palladium der Oxidationsstufe 2+ gefunden. Diese unterschiedliche Anordnung der Elemente für verschiedene Zusammensetzungen korreliert ebenfalls mit der katalytischen Aktivität. Ferner konnte eine Kontraktion des Netzebenenabstands für kleine Partikel mittels EXAFS nachgewiesen werden. Bei der Verwendung als Katalysatoren wurde eine zeitliche Reaktionsverzögerung festgestellt, welche auf die Oberflächenrestrukturierung der Metallnanopartikel hinweist. Zusätzlich konnte durch den Vergleich von SPB stabilisierten und stabilisatorfreien Goldnanopartikeln festgestellt werden, dass das SPB System die katalytische Aktivität nicht signifikant beeinträchtigt. / In this work facetted gold-palladium nanoalloys have been synthesized and characterized in the range of 1 – 3 nm. The spherical polyelectrolyte brushes (SPB) have been used during synthesis and for stabilization of the nanoparticles. Structural analyses have been done by high resolution transmission electron microscopy (HR-TEM) and extended X-ray absorption fine structure (EXAFS) spectroscopy. The nanoalloys have been used as catalysts for the reaction of 4-nitrophenol, where an enhanced catalytic activity has been found compared to monometallic nanoparticles. Surface defects are visible by steps at the edge of the metallic crystal where a correlation of these surface defects and the catalytic activity has been found. By EXAFS spectroscopy an almost statistic mixture for a composition of 75 mol-% gold and 25 mol-% palladium, slight enrichment of palladium at the surface of the particle, and the presence of nonmetallic palladium with an oxidation number of 2+ has been observed. This different atomistic arrangement correlates with the catalytic activity as well. In addition, a contraction of the lattice parameter has been observed for small particles by EXAFS measurements. Using the nanoalloys as catalyst, a delay time for the reaction has been found which indicates a restructuring of the surface of the metal nanoparticles. By comparison of SPB stabilized and support-free gold nanoparticles no significant influence of the SPB system on the catalytic activity has been observed.
4

Green synthesis and characterization of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) from Bulbine frutescens leaf extract and their antimicrobial effects

Lucas, Shakeela January 2020 (has links)
>Magister Scientiae - MSc / Combating antimicrobial resistant infections caused by nosocomial pathogens poses a major public health problem globally. The widespread use of broad-spectrum antibiotics for the treatment of wound infections has led to the appearance of multidrug-resistant (MDR) microbes which further exacerbates the growth of microbes amongst patients. It may result in prolonged debility of the patient and an increase in healthcare costs due to prolonged hospital stays and expensive treatment regimens to avoid patient-patient transmission. Therefore, it is imperative that alternative sources of treatment to antimicrobial use in wound infections needs to be developed in order to inhibit or kill resistant microbes and to provide point of care medical treatment to the less fortunate at an affordable cost. / 2021-08-30
5

Hybrids of Polyoxometalates supported on mesoporous silica and magnetic core-shell nanoparticles for anchored homogeneous catalysis / Hybrides de Polyoxométallates supportés sur silice mésoporeuse et nanoparticules magnétiques cœur-coquille pour la catalyse homogène supportée

Makrygenni, Ourania 27 October 2017 (has links)
De nouveaux matériaux à base de silice (silice mésoporeuse SBA-15 et nanoparticules coeur-coquille) associés à des hybrides de polyoxométallates lacunaires ont été élaborés pour des applications relavant de la catalyse homogène supportée, lors de réactions d'oxydation douce. Le critère principal a été la formation de liaisons covalentes entre les POMs et les deux types de supports utilisés. Des POMs à structure de Keggin portant des fonctions acide carboxylique ont été greffés sur des SBA-15 fonctionnalisées par des amines. Ce même support a été ensuite utilisé pour d'autres stratégies d'immobilisation covalente, comme l'utilisation d'un agent de réticulation. En parallèle, des nanocatalyseurs hybrides on été synthétisés par l'association de nanoparticules coeur-coquille magnétiques et de POMs. Tous ces matériaux ont été caractérisés par une large gamme de techniques physicochimiques. L'utilisation de la microscopie électronique par transmission haute résolution a permis de localiser les POMs à l'intérieur des pores de la SBA-15 et à la surface des nanoparticules magnétiques, montrant ainsi une très bonne nanostructuration à leur surface. L'activité catalytique des catalyseurs homogènes supportés synthétisés a été évaluée au travers de l'époxydation du cyclooctène et du cyclohexène par H2O2 dans l'acétonitrile. De bonnes conversions ont ainsi été obtenues dans certains cas, en comparaison avec les systèmes homogènes testés lors de ce travail. Une attention particulière a été portée aux bonnes performances catalytiques du POM portant des fonctions acide carboxylique. Des calculs DFT ont ainsi été réalisés afin d'identifier la cause de cette réactivité particulière. / New materials based on silica oxides (mesoporous silica SBA-15, magnetic core-shell nanoparticles) combined with nucleophilic hybrids of (vacant) polyoxometalates were elaborated for applications in the field of anchored homogeneous catalysis for mild oxidations reactions. The main parameter taken into account was the formation of a covalent bond between the support and the POMs. Two different pathways were followed depending upon the support used for the covalently grafting of POMs. Firstly, Keggin type POMs bearing carboxylic acid functions were grafted onto amino-functionalized SBA-15. Using the same support, other covalent immobilization methods were tried out, such as the use of a cross-linker. Secondly, hybrid nanocatalysts based on magnetic core-shell nanoparticles grafted with POMs were synthesized. All materials were characterized by a wide variety of physicochemical techniques. By HR TEM, the POMs were localized inside the pores of SBA-15 and onto the surface of magnetic core shell NPs, showing an excellent nanostructuration on the surface of both materials. Furthermore, the catalytic activity of the synthesized anchored homogeneous catalysts has been evaluated through the epoxidation of cyclooctene and cyclohenexe with H2O2 in acetonitrile, resulting in fairly good conversions in some cases, compared to the homogeneous systems used in this study. Finally, particular attention was paid to the excellent catalytic behavior of POMs bearing carboxylic acid functions compared to other POMs of the same family. Thus, DFT calculations were performed in order to identify the cause of this enhanced reactivity.

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