This thesis investigates talent management challenges in public and private organizations in Saudi Arabia. The lack of studies into talent management challenges has motivated the researcher’s work, in particular focusing on whether talent management challenges are applicable to both private and public organizations. In order to answer the research questions, the researcher reviews previous research related to talent management in general and talent management challenges in particular. A list of talent management challenges was provided and then those challenges were linked to institutional theory. The researcher used semi-structured interviews to collect primary data. 18 human resource managers, 8 private organizations, and 8 public organisations were interviewed. The researcher after that transcribed the interview one by one. This was followed by applying manual coding. The researcher’s findings suggest that there are three types of challenges, firstly, challenges those can be found in private and public organizations, secondly, talent management challenges that can be found in public organizations, thirdly, talent management challenges that can be found in private organizations.

Effective communication is important, particularly for the over 26 million immigrant workers with non-English speaking backgrounds who have entered the U.S. workforce. The research problem addressed the disillusion of non-English speakers in the workplace because of the communication gap. The purpose of this study was to explore and describe the experiences of non-English speaking immigrant workers in overcoming language and cultural communication challenges at work. The research question focused on how non-English speakers or English as a Second Language (ESL) speakers describe their communication experiences in the workplace. The theoretical framework was based on the cultural approach to organizations and the transactional model of communication. A qualitative narrative inquiry design was used that employed sources of information including an interview questionnaire and existing literature. The target population was immigrant employees who are managers, assistant managers, and supervisors in New York City and Long Island who work in accounting, banking, finance, information technology, and marketing with at least 5 years' experience. A purposive sampling procedure was used to select 20 participants for semistructured interviews. The qualitative data were subjectively analyzed by using member checking and triangulation. Key findings indicated 6 themes: miscommunication, lack of appropriate terms, delays in work completion, loss of respect, inability to express oneself clearly, and the need to use alternative means of communication. Opportunity for contributions to social change can include increased understanding and utilization of effective management and communication strategies for dealing with non-English-speaking and ESL workers. This can also help to bridge cultural and language gaps.

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No / Although various firms adopt and implement multiple human resource practices as best practices (means), a substantial number of firms fail to realize their objectives (ends). The practices of firms are frequently decoupled from their intended outcomes. By leveraging the concept of means-ends decoupling, which refers to the gap between practices and outcomes, our research examines this important but underexplored phenomenon, which the traditional concept of policy-practice decoupling fails to fully account for. Hence, organizational agency is both conceptualized and measured as consistency and competence. The manner in which this variable affects the implementation and performance of human resource practices is tested with the effect of means-ends decoupling on firm performance. Our results add new evidence that organizational agency has an important role in the process of implementing practices and that it provides additional insights into the relationships between adoption and implementation, which are two distinct institutional dimensions of practices, as well as their different firm consequences.

I en värld som ständigt förändras och utvecklas kan det finnas ett pågående tryck hos organisationer att behålla värdefull kunskap men även att identifiera var kunskap saknas och åtgärda detta. Arbetet med detta hos organisationer kallas ofta för ”kompetensförsörjning”. Syftet med denna studie är att identifiera hur arbetet med kompetensförsörjning i vissa fall kan se ut för HR-medarbetare och chefer i en offentlig verksamhet. Studien är kvalitativ och innehåller tidigare forskning gällande Human Resources och kompetensförsörjning . I studien har fyra halvstrukturerade intervjuer genomförts med fyra respondenter som alla arbetar med HR inom offentlig sektor. Därefter har data blivit tematisk analyserat för att ge form till de olika teman som återfinns i resultatet. Resultatet påvisar att både HR-medarbetare och chefer är delaktiga i arbetet med kompetensförsörjning, men att cheferna ofta tilldelas utvalda ansvarsområden och att HR-medarbetare har det övergripande ansvaret och fungerar som en specialistfunktion. Slutsatsen påvisar att både HRmedarbetare och chefers olika kunskaper är viktiga beståndsdelar i kompetensförsörjningen men även att det finns alternativa arbetssätt som skulle vara önskvärda om tid och möjlighet funnits.

Human resource management (HRM) has paid insufficient attention to the impact of context. In this article, we outline the need for HRM to take full account of context, particularly national context, and to use both cultural theories and, particularly, institutional theories to do that. We use research publications that utilize the Cranet data to show how that can be done. From that evidence, we develop a series of proposals for further context-based research in HRM.

Nowadays, corporations have to consistently advance the value of human assets in their own organizations for maintaining their competitiveness. To achieve this goal, the Human Resource (HR) Dept. plays a decisive role in the aspects of selection, training, employment, and retaining of human resource in the organization. How to improve the efficiency of the HR Dept. and enhance its status in the organizations has become the top agenda to enterprises. The development of Information Technology (IT) transforms the role of the HR Dept. in the organization. It enables HR to be a real strategic partner of corporations through the process of Organization Development. A Human Resource Information System (HRIS) based on the network technology will change the working environment of HR and further lead the transformation of the functions and roles of the HR Dept. Through conducting interviews with 9 companies, this research tries to answer the question, that is, what is the impact to the effectiveness of Human Resource Management when a HRIS is leaded in. It used literature research to analyze the characteristics of Human Resource Management (HRM) and HRIS and sorted out the possible impacts. It also used case study to sharpen the insight by sampling 9 companies which had used HRIS, including foreign and local ones. By doing the work, it drew a conclusion of the impact brought by HRIS and provided a direction of HRIS vendors. The study found that the factors of successfully leading HRIS into a company include the integration with original data, combination with the existing Enterprise Resource Planning System (ERPS), the compatibility of the existing HRIS, HR people¡¦s inability of maintaining HRIS, the suitability of HRIS for company¡¦s specific needs, and the support from high-level management. Leading in a HRIS could benefit the company from decreasing the inconvenience of human operations and increasing the quality of HR¡¦s services. The impacts on the effectiveness of HRM can be seen as the indexes which have positive reaction to HRIS: 1. Reward Management: HRIS provides fast calculation of payment and less human operations. Its tracing function in Payment Module and integration with ERPS help data exchange between HRIS and ERPS. 2. Training Development: HRIS keeps thorough training records of employees. It also can display the average training hours per person, training cost, training results, and etc. 3. Appraisal Management: The whole appraisal process can be done through HRIS, even crossing areas. 4. HR Strategy and Planning: Since HRIS is able to provide more precise data analysis, the quality of decision making of high-level management is enhanced with a great progress. 5. Team Management: Through humanity design of HRIS, more participation from employees is involved. Management spreading in different places still can use HRIS as a platform to exchange HR related information.

ABSTRACT Along with the progress of science and technology and the development of information, the competitions between enterprises are becoming more and more intense which leads one to wonder how an enterprise can stand out among its numerous competitors. Therefore, one of the important challenges which determine how an enterprise could succeed is how to distribute its resources to create a core-competence for future business opportunities. It should also be able to find new application for its existing core competence. Not only that, for building its core competence an enterprise needs outstanding people and as such, how to manage its human resource to create core competence should also be an important theme. Most of the HR employment method only focuses on one particular group of people, hence overlooking the fact that different groups within an enterprise could be employed for different task. In view of this, this research is based on the constructive viewpoint mentioned by Prahalad & Hamel (1994) on core competence, together with Lepak & Snell¡¦s(1999) architecture of human resource. This research circles around four different stages ¡V maintenance of core competence, innovation of core competence, extension of core competence and development of new capabilities. It studies the types of method, relation and structure an enterprise should adopt in order to acquire the necessary HR and develop a HR strategic structure which could stand the test of time. Adopting an in-depth interview method, this research targeted a certain large scale English tutorial centre in Kaohsiung as the subject of study. It studied the human resource employment mode, relation and HR configuration adopted by this tutorial centre to build up its core competence. The result of this research showed: 1. Company A adopted internal development method, a business transaction or partnership type of relationship and market-base and commitment HR configuration to build its human resource on maintaining core competence. 2. In creating new core competence, Company A adopted internal development method as well as recruitment of talents method. Relationship adopted was that of business transaction and partnership type and HR configuration was that of market-base and commitment. 3. Method adopted for expansion of core competence was pretty much the same.

This paper describes and analyzes how individuals and organizations that operate in careers in communications and marketing deal with the search for employees / employers, and how recruiting managers and recruitment consultants are working to create a match between the parties. The study was conducted on behalf of a recruitment agency that offers services in recruiting and staffing for organizations in communication and marketing. The empirical material consists of ten qualitative interviews from three different perspectives on the labor market, recruitment consultants, managers and employees. The interviews were analyzed from sociological and social psychological theories of organizations and individuals opportunities and strategies in today's western labor market. Conclusions that emerged are that organizations need for decreased amount of tied assets provides increased need for temporary employments. To plan and manage the strategic HR operation in the flexible organizations, with more temporary employments and decentralized structures, it has become important to increase factors of control. This generally applies to the entire recruitment process but also for potential employees. Employees increasingly aim to move on to new jobs in new organizations require that organizations develop strong employer brands. Unless employees have incentive to stay in the organization it is a risk of competence losses and the loss of control over HR work. Also people who are looking for jobs use strategies such as marketing to get a job. The study indicates a shift in responsibility for the search from organization to job applicant. A further trend is that today's leaders are looking for new employees with the "right" personality. Job applicant adjusts their self-presentation to their perception of what the employer considers to be a suitable personality in general, but also towards the specific job and organization and thus makes it matchable.

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