Thesis (M.A.)--Boise State University, 2009. / Title from t.p. of PDF file (viewed June 10, 2010). Includes abstract. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 91-112).

Inaug.-Diss.--Ruprecht-Karl-Universität zu Heidelberg. / Bibliography: p. 191-201.

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What explains the lack of normalized relations between Egypt and Iran? Despite mutual potential benefits Egypt and Iran could have gained from normalized bilateral relations over the past several decades, a range of factors prevented them from doing so, including personality politics, domestic political and economic considerations, as well as regional and external alliances and competing visions of regional order. Accordingly, the trajectory of modern Egyptian policy toward Iran has been non-linear. Realist and constructivist schools of International Relations theory, on their own, cannot adequately explain how Egypt's foreign policy toward Iran varied from times of hostility, friendship, stagnation, and openness under Presidents Gamal Abdel Nasser, Anwar Sadat, Hosni Mubarak, and Muhammad Morsi. As such, neoclassical realism - with its emphasis on the interaction between geopolitical structural conditions and the roles of leadership and domestic politics in shaping a state's foreign policy - offers the best framework for analyzing Egypt's foreign policy behavior toward Iran.

Doctorat en sciences sociales, politiques et économiques / info:eu-repo/semantics/nonPublished

Doctorat en sciences sociales, politiques et économiques / info:eu-repo/semantics/nonPublished

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Iran has come to the forefront of media and policy discussion in recent years due to the renewal of nuclear prospects within the complex nation. The media and much of the west has taken notice of the situation and made predictions and assertions often leading toward nuclear war between the United States and the Islamic Republic of Iran. However, the west often forgets our relationship with Iran when Muhammad Reza Shah, the last of the Shah's, was in power. From 1941 to 1979 the United States enjoyed peaceful relations with Iran; the two nations even reached a certain economic prosperity with each other. The Shah introduced reform that was pleasurable to the United States and in return, America traded and invested in Iran, including establishing a nuclear program in Iran and building a number of nuclear facilities. In 2005 when President Mahmoud Ahmadinejad, formally the mayor of Tehran, was elected the great eye of the United States turned once again to Iran, viewing it as a threat. This study explores the Shah's rule and Ahmadinejad's presidency; and perhaps more importantly, the American foreign policy that was established for both. A brief history of both Iranian leaders, their complexities; the external and internal factors that effected each individually and as a leader of the great nation will be followed by a comparison of both using the foreign policy of the United States as a medium for comparison. This thesis will perhaps expose an often ignored perspective on American Iranian foreign relations.

This thesis will examine the mechanisms of the protection and legal challenges of public property development within Iranian legal system. These mechanisms may be used to assist in compliance with international obligations, but the primary focus has been on domestic law, in particular the Iranian Civil Code and the Constitution. The author has investigated the various issues within the Iranian property law system from the perspective of preserving public property. By definition, public property covers a broad area, and therefore, this thesis has explored the challenges of public property in a variety of contexts and situations. Each chapter explores various legal challenges and legal cases from a unique perspective, while providing suggestion for the legislator. In many cases, the ambiguities and inefficiencies have been highlighted. In other cases, a solution is provided for the legislator to deal with a specific issue. The author has also gathered and examined various cases from Iranian Supreme Court and other legal authorities in order to study them from the perspective of public property development. This thesis has three chapters. The first chapter explores the Iranian property law system and its taxonomy and examines the classifications of property in the Iranian Civil Code. The second chapter exclusively deals with the concept of Mobahaat in the Iranian legal system and its relation to public property protection. Finally, chapter three examines public property from the perspective of Iranian Constitution law, (specifically principles 44, 45 and 49) and a few specific provisions of the Civil Code.

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