Thesis. 1979. M.S.--Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Dept. of Political Science. / MICROFICHE COPY AVAILABLE IN ARCHIVES AND DEWEY. / Bibliography: leaves 117-120. / M.S.

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Typescript. / Digitized by Kansas Correctional Industries

Land tenure problems throughout the Middle East and most of the underdeveloped countries of the world are considered by competent international organizations and many students of world problems as one of the greatest contributing forces to social unrest and a barrier to economic development.

Domestic demand for Iranian agricultural food commodities was projected for 1970, 1975 and 1980. Demand for particular commodities was projected separately for Tehran (the capital city), urban Iran and rural Iran. Income and population growth Here the most significant explanatory variables in this long term projection. Two cross-sectional family budget surveys, taken six years apart, provided consumption data for Tehran and urban Iran. A series of family budget studies provided Engel curve data for rural Iran. The income effect was estimated for each food item by least squares regression analysis. The resulting income elasticities were found to be significantly different from those published by the Iranian Central Bank. The income elasticities were adjusted for the quality effect and expected changes in the market margin. Demand for a few major products has projected for the forecast years via a disaggregated model developed in this paper and a traditional aggregate model. The disaggregated model projected demand at levels six to twelve percent above the aggregate model. This difference is apparent due to the unequal distribution of income accounted for by the disaggregate model. Demand for all food products was projected by the traditional method. Various conversion factors Here employed to translate results into farmgate demand for basic crop and livestock products.

In the twentieth century, Western theatre practitioners, aware of the gap between actor and spectator and the barrier between the stage and the auditorium, experimented with ways to bridge this gap and cross barriers, which in the western theatrical tradition have been ignored over the centuries. Stanislavski, Meyerhold, Piscator, Brecht, Grotowski, and more recently Peter Brook are only a few of the figures who tried to engage spectators and enable them to participate more fully in the play. Yet in Iran there has existed for over three centuries a form of theatre which, thanks to its unique method of approaching reality, creates precise moments in which the worlds of the actor and the spectator come together in perfect unity. It is called ???taziyeh???, and the aim of this thesis is to offer a comprehensive account of this complex and sophisticated theatre. The thesis examines taziyeh through the accounts of eyewitnesses, and explores taziyeh???s method of acting, its form, concepts, the aims of each performance, its sources and origins, and the evolution of this Iranian phenomenon from its emergence in the tenth century. Developed from the philosophical point of view of Iranian mysticism on the one hand, and annual mourning ceremonies with ancient roots on the other, taziyeh has been performed by hundreds of different professional groups for more than three hundred years. Each performance is a significant event in the experience of actors and spectators. The thesis argues that through a careful and comprehensive exploration of taziyeh from its emergence to our time, we can ultimately experience a new horizon in theatre in which we may discover theatrical potentiality and dynamism in a way that has not yet been achieved in conventional Western theatre.

Irans zunehmender Einfluss als Regionalmacht wird wegen seines Atomprogramms und seiner antiwestlichen Politik als Störfaktor bewertet. Die offensive Rhetorik Teherans zielt primär darauf ab, möglichen Gefahren entgegenzutreten. Westliche Politik sollte das allseitig bestehende Interesse an regionaler Stabilität nutzen, um seine ausschließlich auf Eindämmung bedachte Politik zu überwinden.

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This essay is about the massive Iranian aid to Hezbollah and the Saudi Arabian, likewise, towards the Taliban. The main view is that the two countries aid respective aid to Hezbollah and the Taliban is/were not a gesture of goodwill but rather an economic method of getting influence and controlling the receiver. This view that is based on a theory called; economic statecraft. The economic statecraft theory is used in this paper to investigate why Iran’s influence towards Hezbollah has been successful while the Saudis ambitions with the Taliban have failed. In order to so, four different approaches towards economic statecraft are consumed. These four approaches are economic liberal theory (purely economic), the realist theory (political pressure), conditional approaches (international prestige) and domestic approaches. In both cases, all four approaches are relevant and explain the different development in the two cases. The main conclusion is that the Taliban were more finically independent than Hezbollah. The Taliban also had no loyalty with the Saudi government while Hezbollah has always been strongly linked to Iran. Both groups were indeed based on radical Islam. This radicalism goes with symbioses in the Iran/Hezbollah case while The Taliban could not agree with the Saudi friendship with USA. These are some of the reasons why Iran has managed to control Hezbollah with their economic statecraft and why the Saudis failed. At the end of this paper there is comparing discussion of the two cases.

Texte remanié de: Diss.--Philosophische Fakultät--Kiel--Christian-Albrechts-Universität, Wintersemester 1997/98. / Bibliogr. p. 467-530. Index.