Emergency Health Care (EHC) is an extended and multi-professional protocol designed to make communication easier in the event of a health-care emergency. Information and communication technologies (ICTs) play a vital role within EHC by coordinating emergency responses across involved departments as well as to health-care providers in the pre-hospital and hospital settings. Despite advances in ICT, there are still a variety of challenges regarding ICT usage in emergencies. To identify these challenges, a semi-structured interview was conducted with pre-hospital and hospital staff at the Emergency Departments of Vaasa Central Hospital, Finland, and Umeå University Hospital, Sweden. The findings indicate that workflow practices and the applying of medical knowledge in a pre-hospital setting is more challenging in Vaasa due to limited accessibility to the patient electronic record system. In the hospital setting, the clinical workflow and application of medical knowledge is easier in Umeå than in Vaasa as a result of there being an integrated information system in the Umeå region compared to a disintegrated system in the Vaasa region. It was discovered that the lack of a national record system in Sweden is a challenge for practitioners in the hospital setting in Umeå. In addition, badly structured information in the Finnish national record system has made collaborative activities between departments and hospitals difficult within EHC. The results reveal that the capacity of IT tools to provide on-time accessibility to patient information is fundamental for safe decision making and collaborative activities across departments and hospitals within EHC.

Sweden faces shortages in antibiotics. Shortages are caused due to a variety of reasons. Due to low profit margins and opportunity costs, antibiotic supply chains may experience a lack of competition. Lack of competition across the various stages of supply chains leads to fragility in the supply chain which ultimately results in shortages. Lack of communication is another such factor leading to shortages. Incorporating an AI/IT system across the supply chain would help prevent the occurrence of shortages by addressing such factors.  PLATINEA, an innovation platform, aims to address the threat of anti-microbial resistance by ensuring a steady supply of antibiotics. Their work package 4 is dedicated to eliminating risk factors or causes of shortages that arise from supply chains of antibiotics. PLATINEA has drafted a mind map to identify the risk factors or causes of shortages in Sweden. This thesis revolves around conducting a cost benefit analysis for implementing an AI/IT tool that addresses the risk factors and causes of shortages identified from the mind map that stem from the Swedish supply chains of antibiotics. A model consisting of a breakdown in costs and benefits was created. The model not only helped us frame the various costs and benefits, but also evolved during the research to help us structure our results better. An AI/IT tool has been devised keeping the risk factors and causes of shortage in mind. This tool has four versions that have varying levels of integration and automation. Semi-structured Interviews were conducted with experts in the field of artificial Intelligence and machine learning. calculation based on historical data were made to determine costs of shortages and to some extent, visualize the extent of costs involved in antibiotic resistance. Based on the information gathered from the interviews and literatures, the costs and benefits identified in the model are addressed, including the significant benefit of reducing cost of shortages.

Purpose - The purpose of this research was to investigate the adoption of ERP tool by employees within a product manufacturing organization. Design/methodology/approach - In order to fully achieve the research task, the authors applied a qualitative case study that was descriptively designed. During data collection processes, primary and secondary data were utilized as information resources. The primary data obtained were multiple in-depth and semi-structured interviews performed with fifteen (15) employees over the course of an empirical investigation. While secondary data were, information obtain through various scientific articles, case organization’s webpage and other resourceful ones. Finally, convenient sampling method was used during identification and selection of respondents that were highly resourceful to the case study. Findings - An identification from the empirical data obtained highlighted some likely impediments to technological innovation adoption. More often, constraints to innovation adoption are not always individual factors but rather frequently organizational ones which can hinder employees’ from promptly adopting new innovations in various working environments. Research limitations/implications - Future research is proposed to measure the effect of employees’ adoption of technology innovation can have on an organization’s industrial performance. Furthermore, in order to encourage rapid adoption of innovation within an organization, recognitions and praises to employees whom are making good efforts is recommended. Personal recognitions from top managers to performing employees’ can persuade other employees to be more proactive in innovation utilization to obtain the same praise. Originality/Value - This study defines innovation adoption from an individual employee’s perspective as: an employee having a proper knowledge of the technology given to be used, personal acceptance of the technology, managerial empowerments to the employee and most importantly is an employee having the adequate ability to fully utilize the technological tool provided in order to fulfil the specific task. Keywords -  Innovation, Adoption, Technology, IT Tool, Enterprise Resource Planning, Organization Factors and Individual Factors.   Paper Type -  Master’s Thesis / <p>To Reference this paper:</p><p>Mbachu, C.I. and Bizien, Q. (2017). Adoption of innovation: A qualitative research about employees' adoption of information technological tool (ERP) within an organization. Department of Business Administration, LNU, Växjö - Sweden. Page 1 - 75.</p>

<p>Through a harmonization of IT-tools among intraorganizational units synergies can be attained through economies of scale and homogenous interfaces towards supply chain partners. In this thesis the possibilities for such synergies at Siemens Medical Solutions in Germany are investigated. By evaluating performance of IT-tools and the cost impact of different scenarios recommendations for harmonization at Siemens Medical Solutions are given.</p>

Through a harmonization of IT-tools among intraorganizational units synergies can be attained through economies of scale and homogenous interfaces towards supply chain partners. In this thesis the possibilities for such synergies at Siemens Medical Solutions in Germany are investigated. By evaluating performance of IT-tools and the cost impact of different scenarios recommendations for harmonization at Siemens Medical Solutions are given.