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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
1

Desenvolvimento de traçador de curvas I-V portátil para arranjos fotovoltaicos

Oliveira, Fernando Schuck de January 2015 (has links)
O presente trabalho apresenta o desenvolvimento de um traçador de curvas I-V para aplicação em arranjos fotovoltaicos a serem medidos em campo. Este sistema utiliza a carga capacitiva como método de polarização do gerador fotovoltaico sendo o chaveamento realizado por transistores bipolares de porta isolada (IGBT). Para controle do chaveamento dos IGBTs e aquisição dos pontos I-V, a placa Arduino foi aplicada demostrando-se adequada para a proposta. Para tanto foi escrito, em uma variação da linguagem de programação C++, o programa de controle desta placa. Foram construídos circuitos auxiliares de amplificação de sinal para realizar as medidas de corrente e de irradiância, sendo nestes casos, usados como sensores um resistor shunt e uma célula de referência calibrada, respectivamente. Para medida da temperatura foi aplicado o sensor de temperatura LM35 que apresentou resultados satisfatórios. Os dados adquiridos pela placa Arduino são salvos em um cartão de memória para posterior análise. A análise de incertezas foi realizada usando métodos estatísticos, onde foram determinados os erros sistemáticos e aleatórios para cada canal de medição. O protótipo construído foi aplicado no levantamento da curva I-V de um gerador fotovoltaico composto de uma série de 3 módulos instalada no terraço do prédio que abriga o simulador solar do Laboratório de Energia Solar da Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (LABSOL) e o seu resultado foi comparado com o sistema traçador de curvas do laboratório. O resultado, de maneira geral, foi satisfatório quando comparado com a medida a 2 fios pelo sistema do LABSOL, mas apresentou um erro maior quando comparado à medida a 4 fios. Este protótipo também foi submetido a um teste para avaliar sua capacidade de apresentar a curva I-V de forma adequada quando são provocados defeitos na série de módulos. O resultado apresentado pelo protótipo se mostrou bastante semelhante ao do apresentado pelo sistema do LABSOL. De maneira geral, pode-se afirmar que o protótipo, baseado em seus resultados, mostrou-se adequado para aplicação em medidas em campo de curvas I-V de arranjos fotovoltaicos. / This work presents the development of an IV tracer for in field measurement of PV arrays. This system uses a capacitive load as a method for polarizing the photovoltaic generator, with the switching being performed by insulated gate bipolar transistors (IGBT). To control switching of the IGBTs and acquisition of the IV curve, an Arduino board was applied, and was proved to be adequate for this purpose. The Arduino board control program was written in a variation of C++ language. Auxiliary circuits for amplifying the signal were built to measure electric current and irradiance, being in such cases used as sensors a shunt resistor and a calibrated reference solar cell, respectively. For obtaining the temperature, the LM35 temperature sensor was employed, presenting satisfactory results. The data acquired by the Arduino board are saved on a memory stick for later analysis. The uncertainty analysis was performed by using statistical methods, in which the systematic and random errors for each measurement channel were determined. The assembled prototype was applied for measuring the IV curve of a photovoltaic generator composed of a string of 3 modules located on the roof of one of the buildings from Solar Energy Laboratory of the Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul (LABSOL) and its result was compared with the IV tracer used on the laboratory. The result was, generally, satisfactory when compared with the two-wire measurement by the laboratory’s system, but showed a larger error when compared with the four-wire measurement. This prototype was also submitted to a test to evaluate its capacity of adequately presenting the IV curve when defects are induced on the string. The result presented by the prototype was quite similar to that obtained from LABSOL’s system. In general, it is possible to affirm that the prototype, based on its results, proved to be adequate for in field measurement of photovoltaic arrays.
2

Desenvolvimento de traçador de curvas I-V portátil para arranjos fotovoltaicos

Oliveira, Fernando Schuck de January 2015 (has links)
O presente trabalho apresenta o desenvolvimento de um traçador de curvas I-V para aplicação em arranjos fotovoltaicos a serem medidos em campo. Este sistema utiliza a carga capacitiva como método de polarização do gerador fotovoltaico sendo o chaveamento realizado por transistores bipolares de porta isolada (IGBT). Para controle do chaveamento dos IGBTs e aquisição dos pontos I-V, a placa Arduino foi aplicada demostrando-se adequada para a proposta. Para tanto foi escrito, em uma variação da linguagem de programação C++, o programa de controle desta placa. Foram construídos circuitos auxiliares de amplificação de sinal para realizar as medidas de corrente e de irradiância, sendo nestes casos, usados como sensores um resistor shunt e uma célula de referência calibrada, respectivamente. Para medida da temperatura foi aplicado o sensor de temperatura LM35 que apresentou resultados satisfatórios. Os dados adquiridos pela placa Arduino são salvos em um cartão de memória para posterior análise. A análise de incertezas foi realizada usando métodos estatísticos, onde foram determinados os erros sistemáticos e aleatórios para cada canal de medição. O protótipo construído foi aplicado no levantamento da curva I-V de um gerador fotovoltaico composto de uma série de 3 módulos instalada no terraço do prédio que abriga o simulador solar do Laboratório de Energia Solar da Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (LABSOL) e o seu resultado foi comparado com o sistema traçador de curvas do laboratório. O resultado, de maneira geral, foi satisfatório quando comparado com a medida a 2 fios pelo sistema do LABSOL, mas apresentou um erro maior quando comparado à medida a 4 fios. Este protótipo também foi submetido a um teste para avaliar sua capacidade de apresentar a curva I-V de forma adequada quando são provocados defeitos na série de módulos. O resultado apresentado pelo protótipo se mostrou bastante semelhante ao do apresentado pelo sistema do LABSOL. De maneira geral, pode-se afirmar que o protótipo, baseado em seus resultados, mostrou-se adequado para aplicação em medidas em campo de curvas I-V de arranjos fotovoltaicos. / This work presents the development of an IV tracer for in field measurement of PV arrays. This system uses a capacitive load as a method for polarizing the photovoltaic generator, with the switching being performed by insulated gate bipolar transistors (IGBT). To control switching of the IGBTs and acquisition of the IV curve, an Arduino board was applied, and was proved to be adequate for this purpose. The Arduino board control program was written in a variation of C++ language. Auxiliary circuits for amplifying the signal were built to measure electric current and irradiance, being in such cases used as sensors a shunt resistor and a calibrated reference solar cell, respectively. For obtaining the temperature, the LM35 temperature sensor was employed, presenting satisfactory results. The data acquired by the Arduino board are saved on a memory stick for later analysis. The uncertainty analysis was performed by using statistical methods, in which the systematic and random errors for each measurement channel were determined. The assembled prototype was applied for measuring the IV curve of a photovoltaic generator composed of a string of 3 modules located on the roof of one of the buildings from Solar Energy Laboratory of the Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul (LABSOL) and its result was compared with the IV tracer used on the laboratory. The result was, generally, satisfactory when compared with the two-wire measurement by the laboratory’s system, but showed a larger error when compared with the four-wire measurement. This prototype was also submitted to a test to evaluate its capacity of adequately presenting the IV curve when defects are induced on the string. The result presented by the prototype was quite similar to that obtained from LABSOL’s system. In general, it is possible to affirm that the prototype, based on its results, proved to be adequate for in field measurement of photovoltaic arrays.
3

Desenvolvimento de traçador de curvas I-V portátil para arranjos fotovoltaicos

Oliveira, Fernando Schuck de January 2015 (has links)
O presente trabalho apresenta o desenvolvimento de um traçador de curvas I-V para aplicação em arranjos fotovoltaicos a serem medidos em campo. Este sistema utiliza a carga capacitiva como método de polarização do gerador fotovoltaico sendo o chaveamento realizado por transistores bipolares de porta isolada (IGBT). Para controle do chaveamento dos IGBTs e aquisição dos pontos I-V, a placa Arduino foi aplicada demostrando-se adequada para a proposta. Para tanto foi escrito, em uma variação da linguagem de programação C++, o programa de controle desta placa. Foram construídos circuitos auxiliares de amplificação de sinal para realizar as medidas de corrente e de irradiância, sendo nestes casos, usados como sensores um resistor shunt e uma célula de referência calibrada, respectivamente. Para medida da temperatura foi aplicado o sensor de temperatura LM35 que apresentou resultados satisfatórios. Os dados adquiridos pela placa Arduino são salvos em um cartão de memória para posterior análise. A análise de incertezas foi realizada usando métodos estatísticos, onde foram determinados os erros sistemáticos e aleatórios para cada canal de medição. O protótipo construído foi aplicado no levantamento da curva I-V de um gerador fotovoltaico composto de uma série de 3 módulos instalada no terraço do prédio que abriga o simulador solar do Laboratório de Energia Solar da Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (LABSOL) e o seu resultado foi comparado com o sistema traçador de curvas do laboratório. O resultado, de maneira geral, foi satisfatório quando comparado com a medida a 2 fios pelo sistema do LABSOL, mas apresentou um erro maior quando comparado à medida a 4 fios. Este protótipo também foi submetido a um teste para avaliar sua capacidade de apresentar a curva I-V de forma adequada quando são provocados defeitos na série de módulos. O resultado apresentado pelo protótipo se mostrou bastante semelhante ao do apresentado pelo sistema do LABSOL. De maneira geral, pode-se afirmar que o protótipo, baseado em seus resultados, mostrou-se adequado para aplicação em medidas em campo de curvas I-V de arranjos fotovoltaicos. / This work presents the development of an IV tracer for in field measurement of PV arrays. This system uses a capacitive load as a method for polarizing the photovoltaic generator, with the switching being performed by insulated gate bipolar transistors (IGBT). To control switching of the IGBTs and acquisition of the IV curve, an Arduino board was applied, and was proved to be adequate for this purpose. The Arduino board control program was written in a variation of C++ language. Auxiliary circuits for amplifying the signal were built to measure electric current and irradiance, being in such cases used as sensors a shunt resistor and a calibrated reference solar cell, respectively. For obtaining the temperature, the LM35 temperature sensor was employed, presenting satisfactory results. The data acquired by the Arduino board are saved on a memory stick for later analysis. The uncertainty analysis was performed by using statistical methods, in which the systematic and random errors for each measurement channel were determined. The assembled prototype was applied for measuring the IV curve of a photovoltaic generator composed of a string of 3 modules located on the roof of one of the buildings from Solar Energy Laboratory of the Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul (LABSOL) and its result was compared with the IV tracer used on the laboratory. The result was, generally, satisfactory when compared with the two-wire measurement by the laboratory’s system, but showed a larger error when compared with the four-wire measurement. This prototype was also submitted to a test to evaluate its capacity of adequately presenting the IV curve when defects are induced on the string. The result presented by the prototype was quite similar to that obtained from LABSOL’s system. In general, it is possible to affirm that the prototype, based on its results, proved to be adequate for in field measurement of photovoltaic arrays.
4

Characterization Techniques and Optimization Principles for Multi-Junction Solar Cells and Maximum Long Term Performance of CPV Systems

Yandt, Mark January 2017 (has links)
Two related bodies of work are presented, both of which aim to further the rapid development of next generation concentrating photovoltaic systems using high efficiency multi junction solar cells. They are complementary since the characterization of commercial devices and the systematic application of design principles for future designs must progress in parallel in order to accelerate iterative improvements. First addressed, is the field characterization of state of the art concentrating photovoltaic systems. Performance modeling and root cause analysis of deviations from the modeling results are critical for bringing reliable high value products to the market. Two complementary tools are presented that facilitate acceleration of the development cycle. The “Dynamic real-time I V Curve Measurement System…” provides a live picture of the current-voltage characteristics of a CPV module. This provides the user with an intuitive understanding of how module performance responds under perturbation. The “Shutter technique for noninvasive individual cell characterization in sealed concentrating photovoltaic modules,” allows the user to probe individual cell characteristics within a sealed module. This facilitates non-invasive characterization of modules that are in situ. Together, these tools were used to diagnose the wide spread failure of epoxy connections between the carrier and the emitter of bypass diodes installed in sealed commercial modules. Next, the optimization principals that are used to choose energy yield maximizing bandgap combinations for multi-junction solar cells are investigated. It is well understood that, due to differences in the solar resource in different geographical locations, this is fundamentally a local optimization problem. However, until now, a robust methodology for determining the influences of geography and atmospheric content on the ideal design point has not been developed. This analysis is presented and the influence of changing environment on the representative spectra that are used to optimize bandgap combinations is demonstrated. Calculations are confirmed with ground measurements in Ottawa, Canada and the global trends are refined for this particular location. Further, as cell designers begin to take advantage of more flexible manufacturing processes, it is critical to know if and how optimization criteria must change for solar cells with more junctions. This analysis is expanded to account for the differences between cells with up to 8 subcell bandgaps. A number of software tools were also developed for the Sunlab during this work. A multi-junction solar cell model calibration tool was developed to determine the parameters that describe each subcell. The tool fits a two diode model to temperature dependent measurements of each subcell and provides the fitting parameters so that the performance of multi-junction solar cells composed of those subcells can be modeled for real world conditions before they are put on-sun. A multi-junction bandgap optimization tool was developed to more quickly and robustly determine the ideal bandgap combinations for a set of input spectra. The optimization process outputs the current results during iteration so that they may be visualized. Finally, software tools that compute annual energy yield for input multi-junction cell parameters were developed. Both a brute force tool that computes energy harvested at each time step, and an accelerated tool that first bins time steps into discrete bins were developed. These tools will continue to be used by members of the Sunlab.
5

Měřicí systém pro sledování efektivity fotovoltaického panelu / Measuring system of photovoltaic modules efficiency

Vrána, Michal January 2012 (has links)
This thesis describes the design of the active load for adjusting the maximum power point of PV module and the module loaded with the defined parameters for measuring the effectiveness and identifying the characteristics of the PV module.
6

Power GaN FET Testing

Faruque, Shams Omar January 2014 (has links)
No description available.

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