O uso de programas de computador para simular a formação de complexos entre proteínas é uma abordagem importante para melhor compreensão de como estas moléculas interagem. A representação paramétrica e a representação em polinômios tridimensionais de Zernike são ambas descrições compactas de superfícies moleculares baseadas em harmônicos esféricos utilizadas para visualização e comparação de superfícies moleculares e para atracamento de proteínas. Entretanto, apresentam limitações como restrição à topologia da superfície e dificuldade de representação de funções arbitrárias. Neste estudo, procurou-se refinar a capacidade de representação destes métodos para obtenção de elevada qualidade de reprodução e aplicabilidade a superfícies de topologia arbitrária. Através da análise de diversos algoritmos de suas etapas, foi possível identificar os estágios de cálculo de malha triangular de superfície molecular e de mapeamento esférico como os mais influentes na qualidade da representação paramétrica em harmônicos esféricos, e a alta sensibilidade a mudança de valores nas funções projetadas na qualidade da representação em Zernike 3D. A incorporação de um método de cálculo de superfícies que gera uma malha com elevada regularidade, aliado a um moderno algoritmo de mapeamento esférico garantiu baixo nível de distorções e obtenção de superfícies reconstruídas de alta qualidade. Uma técnica de detecção de similaridade entre superfícies de diferentes conformações de um ensemble permitiu compartilhamento de partes da descrição entre várias superfícies, com correspondente redução de volume de dados e de demanda por processamento, e com influência controlável nas distorções introduzidas. Um modo diferente de organização dos dados de entrada causou melhoria na qualidade de reconstrução de funções gerais em Zernike 3D, embora com a introdução de um mapa para restauração da função. Os resultados obtidos indicam aplicação promissora dos métodos em docking de proteínas com alto nível de detalhes. / Using computer programs to simulate protein complex formation is an important approach for better comprehension of the interaction mechanisms of such molecules. The parametric representation and the Zernike polynomial method are both compact representations of molecular surfaces based on spherical harmonics, used for visualization and comparison of molecules and for protein-protein docking. They pose, however, limitations regarding surface topology and difficulty in representing arbitrary functions. In this study, the representation capacity of such methods were refined to attain high quality reproductions and applicability to arbitrary topologies. Throughout the analysis of several algorithms, the stages of surface mesh calculation and spherical mapping were identified as highly influential on the quality of the spherical harmonics parametric representation, while high sensibility to changes in the function values were identified as an influential factor for projections in 3D Zernike. A surface calculation method that generates a highly regular mesh was adopted and paired with a modern spherical mapping algorithm to yield reconstructions with low level of distortions and high quality surfaces. Similarity among surfaces from different structures in a conformational ensemble were detected to allow sharing of portions of the description among several surfaces, with corresponding reduction in data volume and processing demand and controllable influence of distortions. A new input data organization method improved the reconstruction quality of general functions in 3D Zernike, although introducing a map to restore the function. Results indicate promising application of the methods in highly detailed protein-protein docking.

An accurate and convenient system for calibrating projector-camera system is presented. A consumer-grade LCD panel is used in place of the traditional printed pattern as the calibration plane. While patterns shown on the panel are used for camera calibration, when we turn the panel off (with its pose kept in space), patterns illuminated by the projector and reflected from it and captured by the camera can be used for the calibration of the projector. This way, patterns for calibrating the camera will not overlap with patterns for calibrating the projector, avoiding confusion in the image data. In addition, even a household-quality LCD panel has industrial-grade planarity. Experiments show that a setup as affordable as this can still have the system parameters calibrated in far less images with much higher accuracy. / Finally, we explore how coding in structured light mechanism can be made even unnecessary. We adopt the above concept of recovering surface orientation from grid-lines, and show that by the use of a regular pattern, like a binary pattern with rhombic pattern elements, an orientation map about the imaged object can be recovered. Specifically, we show that here the correspondences over grid-lines between the projector's pattern panel and the camera's image plane can be approximated with a linear mapping and in turn boost the accuracy of surface normals calculation. We go on and show that, as long as no less than one reference point on the imaged object is available where absolute 3D is known, the above orientation map can even be converted to an absolute depth map by a simple integration process. (Abstract shortened by UMI.) / On the coding issue, we investigate a number of options. Coding can be established over time, and one widely used scheme in this direction is the adoption of Gray code in a series of binary patterns that are projected at different instants. We describe how the traditional Gray code patterns, if augmented by the use of strip shirting, can have the resolution of 3D reconstruction enhanced. The whole system setup of such a system is affordable, nonetheless experiments show that high accuracy can be achieved based on it. The disadvantage of such a system is mainly that multiple image captures are necessary for the operation. / On the image features for establishing correspondences between the projector's pattern panel and the camera's image plane, we propose to use rhombic pattern with binary (i.e., black and white) or colored elements as the projected pattern, and the grid-points between neighboring rhombic elements but not the centroids of the pattern elements themselves as the feature points. We show that, grid-point in the pattern owns the two-fold rotation symmetry, or so-called cmm symmetry, which is largely preserved on the image side after perspective projection and imaging. We propose a grid-point detector that exploits such a symmetry. By avoiding the direct use of raw image intensity, the detector is less sensitive to image noise and surface texture. Comparison with traditional operators shows its promising robustness and accuracy. / The adoption of structured light illumination has been proven an effective and accurate visual means for 3D reconstruction. The system consists of a projector that illuminates controlled pattern or patterns to the target object, and a camera grabbing image or images of the illuminated object. Once correspondences between positions on the projector's pattern panel and positions on the camera's image plane are established, simple triangulation over light rays from the projector and the corresponding light rays to the camera would recover 3D information about the target object. Key issues involved in the approach include (1) Calibration: how the projector and camera can be calibrated so that metric measures about the object can be extracted from the image data; (2) Image Feature Extraction: what image features to use and how to extract them accurately from the image data; and (3) Coding : how the illuminated pattern can be designed so that each position of it embeds in the pattern a unique code which is preserved on the image side, so that position correspondences between the projector's pattern panel and the camera's image plane can be easily established. Each of the issues can affect the accuracy of the system. This thesis aims at providing improved solutions to each of these issues. / Song, Zhan. / Adviser: Ronald Chung. / Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 70-06, Section: B, page: 3615. / Thesis (Ph.D.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 2008. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 149-160). / Electronic reproduction. Hong Kong : Chinese University of Hong Kong, [2012] System requirements: Adobe Acrobat Reader. Available via World Wide Web. / Electronic reproduction. [Ann Arbor, MI] : ProQuest Information and Learning, [200-] System requirements: Adobe Acrobat Reader. Available via World Wide Web. / Abstracts in English and Chinese. / School code: 1307.

by Yip Pak Ching. / Thesis (M.Phil.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 1992. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 97-100). / Chapter 1 --- Introduction --- p.1 / Chapter 1.1 --- Background --- p.1 / Chapter 1.2 --- The Objective of Machine Vision --- p.3 / Chapter 1.3 --- Our Goal --- p.4 / Chapter 1.4 --- Previous Works and Current Research --- p.5 / Chapter 1.5 --- Organization of the Thesis --- p.8 / Chapter 2 --- Human Movement Perception --- p.11 / Chapter 2.1 --- Basic Mechanisms of Vision --- p.11 / Chapter 2.2 --- Functions of Movement Perception --- p.12 / Chapter 2.3 --- Five Ways to Make a Spot of Light Appear to Move --- p.14 / Chapter 2.4 --- Real Movement --- p.15 / Chapter 2.5 --- Mechanisms for the Perception of Real Movement --- p.16 / Chapter 2.6 --- Apparent Motion --- p.18 / Chapter 3 --- Machine Movement Perception --- p.21 / Chapter 3.1 --- Introduction --- p.21 / Chapter 3.2 --- Perspective Transformation --- p.21 / Chapter 3.3 --- Motion Detection by Difference Image --- p.22 / Chapter 3.4 --- Accumulative Difference --- p.24 / Chapter 3.5 --- Establishing a Reference Image --- p.26 / Chapter 3.6 --- Optical Flow --- p.27 / Chapter 4 --- Neural Networks for Machine Vision --- p.30 / Chapter 4.1 --- Introduction --- p.30 / Chapter 4.2 --- Perceptron --- p.30 / Chapter 4.3 --- The Back-Propagation Training Algorithm --- p.33 / Chapter 4.4 --- Object Identification --- p.34 / Chapter 4.5 --- Special Technique for Improving the Learning Time and Recognition Rate --- p.36 / Chapter 5 --- Neural Networks by Supervised Learning for Motion Detection --- p.39 / Chapter 5.1 --- Introduction --- p.39 / Chapter 5.2 --- Three-Level Network Architecture --- p.40 / Chapter 5.3 --- Four-Level Network Architecture --- p.45 / Chapter 6 --- Rough Motion Detection --- p.50 / Chapter 6.1 --- Introduction --- p.50 / Chapter 6.2 --- The Rough Motion Detection Network --- p.51 / Chapter 6.3 --- The Correlation Network --- p.54 / Chapter 6.4 --- Modified Rough Motion Detection Network --- p.56 / Chapter 7 --- Moving Object Extraction --- p.59 / Chapter 7.1 --- Introduction --- p.59 / Chapter 7.2 --- Three Types of Images for Moving Object Extraction --- p.59 / Chapter 7.3 --- Edge Enhancement Network --- p.62 / Chapter 7.4 --- Background Remover --- p.63 / Chapter 8 --- Motion Parameter Extraction --- p.66 / Chapter 8.1 --- Introduction --- p.66 / Chapter 8.2 --- 2-D Motion Detection --- p.66 / Chapter 8.3 --- Normalization Network --- p.67 / Chapter 8.4 --- 3-D Motion Parameter Extraction --- p.70 / Chapter 8.5 --- Object Identification --- p.70 / Chapter 9 --- Motion Parameter Extraction from Overlapped Object Images --- p.72 / Chapter 9.1 --- Introduction --- p.72 / Chapter 9.2 --- Decision Network --- p.72 / Chapter 9.3 --- Motion Direction Extraction from Overlapped Object Images by Three-Level Network Model with Supervised Learning --- p.75 / Chapter 9.4 --- Readjustment Network for Motion Parameter Extraction from Overlapped Object Images --- p.79 / Chapter 9.5 --- Reconstruction of the Overlapped object Image --- p.82 / Chapter 10 --- The Integrated Motion Detection System --- p.87 / Chapter 10.1 --- Introduction --- p.87 / Chapter 10.2 --- System Architecture --- p.88 / Chapter 10.3 --- Results and Concluding Remarks --- p.91 / Chapter 11 --- Conclusion --- p.93 / References --- p.97

The process industry is concerned with the processing of crude resources into other products. Such crudes consist of multiphase components that introduce major challenges to the operators; hence the need for efficient instrumentations that address such challenges is highly desirable. One major need is an early deposit detection system that detects deposit before it builds-up in a pipeline or equipment to prevent any possible hazard. Another critical requirement is the need to continuously monitor the flow and deduce the flow rate of every individual phase in order to study and analyse the produced product. Hence, in order to ensure safety, increase profits, optimize production and ensure production quality, the multiphase flow must be adequately monitored and controlled. This thesis demonstrated the efficiency of novel ECT algorithms for early deposit detection and multiphase flow measurement in order to measure the flow rate of all separate phases. This thesis focuses on developments in ECT image reconstruction specifically the inverse solutions and is divided into three main studies where they all build up to complete each other. In the first study, ECT is used for the first time with a narrowband pass filter to focus on targeted locations in a pipe where dielectric contaminants are expected to deposit in order to enhance the resolution of the produced images. The experimental results showed that different deposit regimes and accumulated fine deposits could be detected with high resolution. The second study allowed a better understanding of how conductive material could be imaged using a conventional ECT device and how state of the art algorithms such as iterative total variation regularisation method and the level set method could enhance this application. Also, absolute ECT imaging is presented for the first time where the level set algorithm uses only one set of ECT measurement data. This study gives a novel solution for detecting conductive deposits as well as paves the way to use the new level set algorithm for multiphase flow measurement. In the third study, the novel narrowband level set algorithm was modified to image multiphase media in order to correctly determine the number, location and concentration of the present phases. The innovative absolute ECT imaging using level set method is tested with high contrast and low contrast multiphase data, which adds more to the challenge.

Medical images have been used increasingly for diagnosis, treatment planning, monitoring disease processes, and other medical applications. A large variety of medical imaging modalities exists including CT, X-ray, MRI, Ultrasound, etc. Frequently a group of images need to be compared to one another and/or combined for research or cumulative purposes. In many medical studies, multiple images are acquired from subjects at different times or with different imaging modalities. Misalignment inevitably occurs, causing anatomical and/or functional feature shifts within the images. Computerized image registration (alignment) approaches can offer automatic and accurate image alignments without extensive user involvement and provide tools for visualizing combined images. This dissertation focuses on providing automatic image registration strategies. After a through review of existing image registration techniques, we identified two registration strategies that enhance the current field: (1) an automated rigid body and affine registration using voxel similarity measurements based on a sequential hybrid genetic algorithm, and (2) an automated deformable registration approach based upon a linear elastic finite element formulation. Both methods streamlined the registration process. They are completely automatic and require no user intervention. The proposed registration strategies were evaluated with numerous 2D and 3D MR images with a variety of tissue structures, orientations and dimensions. Multiple registration pathways were provided with guidelines for their applications. The sequential genetic algorithm mimics the pathway of an expert manually doing registration. Experiments demonstrated that the sequential genetic algorithm registration provides high alignment accuracy and is reliable for brain tissues. It avoids local minima/maxima traps of conventional optimization techniques, and does not require any preprocessing such as threshold, smoothing, segmentation, or definition of base points or edges. The elastic model was shown to be highly effective to accurately align areas of interest that are automatically extracted from the images, such as brains. Using a finite element method to get the displacement of each element node by applying a boundary mapping, this method provides an accurate image registration with excellent boundary alignment of each pair of slices and consequently align the entire volume automatically. This dissertation presented numerous volume alignments. Surface geometries were created directly from the aligned segmented images using the Multiple Material Marching Cubes algorithm. Using the proposed registration strategies, multiple subjects were aligned to a standard MRI reference, which is aligned to a segmented reference atlas. Consequently, multiple subjects are aligned to the segmented atlas and a full fMRI analysis is possible.

A dopamina (DA) é um neurotransmissor sintetizado nos neurônios dopaminérgicos da substância nigra, possuindo efeito importante sobre o Sistema Nervoso Central (SNC), dentre as quais a sensação de prazer e a motivação. Uma alteração nos transportadores de dopamina (DATs) se caracteriza por uma desordem progressiva do movimento devido à disfunção dos neurônios secretores de dopamina, gerando a Doença de Parkinson (DP). Por ser um distúrbio mais comum entre um espectro de doenças neurológicas, é necessário um estudo mais aprofundado para melhor diagnóstico. Esta dissertação apresenta um estudo do desempenho do filtro butterworth passa-baixa na reconstrução analítica Filtered Backprojection - FBP e reconstrução iterativa Ordered Subsets Expectation Maximization - OSEM, para garantir a qualidade da imagem de SPECT cerebral, adquirida pelo fantoma antropomórfico estriatal. Por avaliação interindividual de quatro especialistas em medicina nuclear, foram aplicadas notas para a análise visual das imagens, garantindo a qualidade da resolução espacial, contraste, ruído e diferenciação anatômica do corpo estriado. Para cada tipo de reconstrução, houve 49 imagens do corpo estriado, variando os valores das covariáveis apresentadas pelos algoritmos (iteração, subsets, ordem e frequência de corte). A fim de resultados consistentes, foram utilizados a regressão linear e o teste T-Student pareado. Os dados coletados demonstraram que é necessário utilizar um intervalo confiável de frequência de corte para FBP (0,9 a 1,6) e para OSEM (1,2 a 1,5) e variar a ordem de 0 a 10 que não influenciará a imagem. Para a reconstrução OSEM, ficou comprovado que o valor de iteração (i) e o número de subsets (s) que garantem melhor qualidade foram os mesmos que a empresa do algoritmo utilizado sugeriu (3i 8s). Esta, também, mostrou evidências de melhor qualidade da imagem, quando comparada à reconstrução FBP. Para uma imagem de qualidade, representando uma reconstrução confiável e uma análise visual segura, é necessário utilizar o intervalo de valores encontrados das covariáveis ordem e frequência de corte do filtro butterworth passa-baixa na reconstrução FBP e OSEM. Também é necessário utilizar o valor de iteração e subsets que a empresa sugeriu, e a reconstrução OSEM mostrou superioridade nas imagens comparadas à FBP, mas se o serviço não utilizar ainda este tipo de algoritmo, a imagem com FBP no intervalo proposto também garantirá a qualidade. / Dopamine is a synthesized neurotransmitter in dopaminergic neurons of the substantia nigra where it has an important effect on the central nervous system (CNS), such as the feeling of pleasure and motivation. A change in the dopamine transporters (DATs) is characterized by a progressive disorder of movement due to a dysfunction of the dopamine secreting neurons, causing Parkinson\'s Disease (PD). As it is a more common disorder among a spectrum of neurological diseases, further studies are necessary for a better diagnosis. This study presents an investigation on the performance of the low-pass butterworth filter in the Filtered Backprojection analytic reconstruction - FBP and Ordered Subsets Expectation Maximization iterative reconstruction - OSEM to ensure the quality of brain SPECT image, acquired by the anthropomorphic striatal phantom. By individual evaluation of four nuclear medicine specialists, grades were applied to the visual analysis of the images, ensuring the quality of the spatial resolution, contrast, noise and anatomical differentiation striatum. For each type of reconstruction, there were 49 pictures of the striatum, varying the values of covariates submitted by the algorithms (iteration, subsets, order and cutoff frequency). In order to obtain consistent results, we used linear regression and T-Student paired test. The collected data showed that it is necessary to use a reliable interval of cutoff frequency for both the FBP (0.9 to 1.6), and OSEM (1.2 to 1.5), and varying the order of 0 to 10, which does not influence the image. For OSEM reconstruction, it has been verified that the iteration value (i) and the number of subsets (s) ensuring best quality was the same as the company\'s algorithm suggested (3i 8s). This also showed evidence of better image quality when compared to FBP reconstruction. For an image quality, representing a reliable reconstruction and a safe visual analysis, you must use the range of values found of covariates order and cutoff frequency of the butterworth low-pass filter on the FBP and OSEM reconstruction. You must also use the iteration value and subsets that the company suggested and the OSEM reconstruction showed superiority on the images compared to FBP, but if the service does not use this type of algorithm, the image with FBP in the proposed range, also ensures quality.

by Wong Yin Shung. / Thesis (M.Phil.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 2005. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 62-64). / Abstracts in English and Chinese. / Chapter 1 --- Introduction --- p.7 / Chapter 2 --- Fundamentals --- p.9 / Chapter 2.1 --- Representation of a digital image --- p.9 / Chapter 2.2 --- Salt-and-pepper --- p.10 / Chapter 2.3 --- Resolution of a gray digital image --- p.11 / Chapter 3 --- Filters --- p.14 / Chapter 3.1 --- Median filter --- p.15 / Chapter 3.2 --- Adaptive median filter --- p.15 / Chapter 3.3 --- Multi-state median filter --- p.16 / Chapter 3.4 --- Directional difference-based switching median filter --- p.18 / Chapter 3.5 --- Improved switching median filters --- p.20 / Chapter 3.6 --- Variational method --- p.21 / Chapter 3.7 --- Two-phase method --- p.22 / Chapter 4 --- New Two Phase Methods --- p.25 / Chapter 4.1 --- Triangule-based interpolation --- p.25 / Chapter 4.1.1 --- Delaunay triangulation --- p.26 / Chapter 4.1.2 --- Linear interpolation --- p.28 / Chapter 4.1.3 --- Cubic interpolation --- p.29 / Chapter 4.2 --- Gradient estimation --- p.32 / Chapter 4.3 --- Regularization method --- p.33 / Chapter 4.3.1 --- Least square method with Laplacian regularization --- p.33 / Chapter 4.3.2 --- Lagrange multipliers --- p.35 / Chapter 4.4 --- Fast transform for finding the inverse of Laplacian matrix --- p.38 / Chapter 5 --- Inpainting and Zooming --- p.39 / Chapter 5.1 --- Inpainting --- p.39 / Chapter 5.2 --- Zooming --- p.40 / Chapter 5.2.1 --- Bilinear interpolation --- p.40 / Chapter 5.2.2 --- Bicubic interpolation --- p.41 / Chapter 6 --- Results --- p.46 / Chapter 6.1 --- Results of denoising --- p.47 / Chapter 6.2 --- Results of inpainting --- p.47 / Chapter 6.3 --- Results of zooming --- p.48 / Chapter 6.4 --- Conclusions --- p.51

Tong Kai Man. / Thesis (M.Phil.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 2006. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 76-80). / Abstracts in English and Chinese. / Chapter 1. --- Introduction --- p.1 / Chapter 1.1 --- Background --- p.1 / Chapter 1.2 --- Previous and related works --- p.2 / Chapter 1.3 --- The Proposed Method --- p.4 / Chapter 1.4 --- Thesis outline --- p.6 / Chapter 2. --- Global deformation --- p.8 / Chapter 2.1 --- Feature points --- p.8 / Chapter 2.2 --- The deformation --- p.9 / Chapter 2.2.1 --- Deformation using affine transformation --- p.9 / Chapter 2.2.2 --- Elastic warping using Radial Basis Functions --- p.12 / Chapter 2.2.3 --- Biharmonic and triharmonic basic functions --- p.16 / Chapter 3. --- Local iterative surface fitting --- p.19 / Chapter 3.1 --- Basic closest point method --- p.19 / Chapter 3.2 --- Regional partitioning method --- p.27 / Chapter 3.2.1 --- Defining the regions --- p.29 / Chapter 3.2.2 --- Propagating from the seeds --- p.31 / Chapter 3.2.3 --- Handling the distortions --- p.36 / Chapter 3.3 --- Combined methods for surface fitting --- p.41 / Chapter 3.3.1 --- Summary of the surface fitting methods --- p.41 / Chapter 3.3.2 --- Combining the methods --- p.43 / Chapter 3.3.3 --- Fine-level fitting results --- p.47 / Chapter 4. --- Enhanced template based 3D Object reconstruction --- p.53 / Chapter 4.1 --- Compactly supported radial basis functions --- p.53 / Chapter 4.2 --- Reconstruction using two templates --- p.55 / Chapter 5. --- Implementations and Results --- p.60 / Chapter 5.1 --- Creation of 3D objects --- p.60 / Chapter 5.2 --- Feature points selection --- p.61 / Chapter 5.3 --- Experiment platform --- p.62 / Chapter 5.4 --- Results --- p.63 / Chapter 6. --- Conclusions --- p.71 / Chapter 6.1 --- Contributions --- p.72 / Chapter 6.2 --- Future developments --- p.72 / Appendix A --- p.73 / Voxel based closest point evaluation --- p.73 / References --- p.76

Tse Fu Wing. / "June 2000." / Thesis (Ph.D.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 2000. / Includes bibliographical references (p. 172-177). / Electronic reproduction. Hong Kong : Chinese University of Hong Kong, [2012] System requirements: Adobe Acrobat Reader. Available via World Wide Web. / Mode of access: World Wide Web. / Abstracts in English and Chinese.

As the electronic industry advances rapidly, the dimensions of the semiconductor products keep on being shrunk and that leads to more stringent requirement on process control and quality assurance. In particular, area array packages like BGA, CSP, flip chips, wafer bumping and wafer-level packaging need to have the 3D quality of some micro-surfaces inspected accurately and efficiently. An example of the micro-surfaces is the solder bumps for direct die-to-die bonding, which are of size as small as 60 to 600 microns in diameter. However, the tiny size and often highly specular and textureless nature of the surfaces make the inspection difficult. In addition, the size of the inspection system is required to be small so as to minimize restraint, on the operation of the various moving parts involved in the manufacturing process. / Experimental results with image data of a variety of objects have positively demonstrated the feasibility of the proposed methodology. / In the mechanism the inspection speed is governed by the number of needed images which also equals the number of spatial shiftings of the grating. This thesis also addresses how the grating, as well as its spatial shifting, can be designed optimally for minimizing this image number for faster inspection speed. An optimal solution to shifting strategy optimization is proposed that is applicable to any pattern on the fringe grating. A design method is also introduced for optimal pattern design, which has higher efficiency than brute-force searching. To reduce image number furthermore, bit-pairing codification mechanism and color-encoded pattern are proposed and verified to be more efficient. / In this thesis, I propose a new methodology for reconstructing micro-surfaces in 3D. The mechanism is based upon the familiar concept of binary structured-light, projection, but adapted, for the purpose of greatly reducing the system size, from the traditional setup of an array of multiple light sources to one with a single light source. The mechanism consists of a single light source in combination with a binary grating for projecting a binary pattern onto the target surface, and of a camera for capturing image of the illuminated scene. By shifting the binary grating in space and in every drifting taking a separate image of the illuminated surface, each position on the illuminated surface will be attached with a string of binary code over the sequence of captured images. With a suitable design of the binary grating, the binary code string can be made unique for each bump surface position, allowing exact correspondence between the binary pattern and image data, and subsequently 3D determination through triangulation. With such a bright-or-dark world for each image position, the issues of image saturation, image noise, and textureless nature of the target surfaces are avoided. / Jun Cheng. / "June 2006." / Adviser: Ronald Chi-kit Chung. / Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 67-11, Section: B, page: 6499. / Thesis (Ph.D.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 2006. / Includes bibliographical references (p. 107-117). / Electronic reproduction. Hong Kong : Chinese University of Hong Kong, [2012] System requirements: Adobe Acrobat Reader. Available via World Wide Web. / Electronic reproduction. [Ann Arbor, MI] : ProQuest Information and Learning, [200-] System requirements: Adobe Acrobat Reader. Available via World Wide Web. / Abstracts in English and Chinese. / School code: 1307.