Submitted by Marilene Donadel (marilene.donadel@unioeste.br) on 2018-04-26T18:38:37Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Karina_Sanderson_2017.pdf: 3684654 bytes, checksum: 61d1f7f0f704e49f62966d42bae3ceae (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-04-26T18:38:37Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Karina_Sanderson_2017.pdf: 3684654 bytes, checksum: 61d1f7f0f704e49f62966d42bae3ceae (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-12-13 / Power distribution companies constantly contaminate the environment with dielectric fluids due to power transformer failures and leaks. In this way, these fluids should be studied, as they may entail the vulnerability of the fauna and flora. In this sense, the objective of this work was to investigate the deleterious effects of vegetal and mineral dielectric fluids, through biodegradability, acute toxicity, chemical attributes and soil degradation (oils and greases) tests as well as soybean phytotechnical characteristics evaluation. In the tests of the immediate biodegradability, vegetal dielectric fluids of crambe, W3, W6 and W9 and one based on mineral oil (Lubrax) were studied. For the acute toxicity tests with Danio rerio and Artemia salina and the soil toxicity tests using soybean (Glycine max L.), the W3 and Lubrax dielectric fluid were used. The biodegradability analysis was evaluated by the action of microorganisms that transformed the sample into CO2, being measured by titulometry. For the acute toxicity studies, two distinct experiments were performed, where the organisms were exposed to different concentrations of the W3 and Lubrax dielectric fluids and to the FSA of the fluids. The FSA of W3 and Lubrax used in the Danio rerio assay were subjected to gas chromatography analysis. The acute toxicity tests with Danio rerio and Artemia salina were carried out in order to know the approximate range of fluid toxicity, taking into account the lower dilution that caused lethality in 50% of organisms (LC50). The soil chemical attributes analyzed were: pH, P, K, Ca, Mg, CTC and V. The content of oils and greases of the dielectric fluids was quantified by the Soxhlet type extraction method. For the phytothecnical evaluations, emergence, plant height, stem diameter, root length, root dry matter, number of pods and grains, and the mass of one thousand grains were analyzed. Vegetable dielectric fluids are biodegradable over a period of 14 days, while mineral oil is difficult to biodegrade. In the acute toxicity study, W3 had a lower LC50 than Lubrax, causing higher mortality in the organisms. The LC50 for the Danio rerio was 2.46 gL-1 (Lubrax) and 0.318 gL-1 (W3). For Artemia salina the LC50 was 4.63 gL-1 (Lubrax) and 0.641 gL-1 (W3). In relation to the FSA tests, the Lubrax one caused a greater toxic effect on the organisms, while the W3 had no toxic effect on 50% of organisms. The LC50 values for Lubrax were 4.89% for the Danio rerio and 7.67% for Artemia salina. Chromatographic analysis of FSA of the fluids was not conclusive, it only suggests that the toxicity may be related to the solubility of all the substances present in Lubrax and not only to the solubility of n-alkanes. The chemical attributes of the soil did not change significantly, only the carbon presented increasing variation in relation to the concentrations of the fluids. There was a reduction of the TOG during the agricultural years and the soils in the presence of W3 presented greater degradation than those with Lubrax. The increase in the concentration of the dielectric fluids caused a reduction in the phytotechnical characteristics of the soybean. Plants from soil contaminated with W3 showed better development compared to plants that were in soil contaminated with Lubrax. / As concessionárias de energia, constantemente, contaminam o meio ambiente com fluidos dielétricos, devido a falhas e vazamentos de transformadores de potência. Desta forma, estes fluidos devem ser estudados, pois podem pode implicar na vulnerabilidade da fauna e da flora. Neste sentido, este trabalho teve como objetivo investigar os efeitos deletérios do fluido dielétrico vegetal e mineral, através de ensaios de biodegradabilidade, toxicidade aguda, ensaios dos atributos químicos e degradação (óleos e graxas) do solo e das avalições das características fitotécnicas da soja. Nos ensaios da biodegradabilidade imediata foram estudados os fluidos dielétricos vegetais de crambe, W3, W6 e W9 e um à base de óleo mineral (Lubrax). Para os ensaios de toxicidade aguda com Danio rerio e Artemia salina e para os ensaios de toxicidade em solo utilizando a soja (Glycine max L.), foram usados o fluido dielétrico W3 e o Lubrax. A análise da biodegradabilidade foi avaliada pela ação de microrganismos que transformaram a amostra em CO2, sendo medido por titulometria. Para os estudos da toxicidade aguda foram realizados dois experimentos distintos, onde os organismos foram expostos às diferentes concentrações de fluido dielétrico W3 e Lubrax e onde foram expostos à FSA dos fluidos. A FSA do W3 e Lubrax utilizado no ensaio com o Danio rerio foram submetida a análise de cromatografia gasosa. Os ensaios de toxicidade aguda com o Danio rerio e a Artemia salina foram realizados com o intuito de se conhecer a faixa aproximada de toxicidade dos fluidos, levando em consideração a menor diluição que causou letalidade em 50% dos organismos (CL50). As análises dos atributos químicos do solo foram: pH, P, K, Ca, Mg, CTC e V. O teor de óleos e graxas dos fluidos dielétricos foi quantificado pelo método de extração em aparelho tipo Soxhlet. Para as avaliações fitotécnicas da soja analisou-se a emergência, altura de planta, diâmetro do caule, comprimento radicular, matéria seca radicular, número de vagens e de grãos e a massa de mil grãos. Os fluidos dielétricos vegetais são biodegradáveis num período de 14 dias, enquanto o óleo mineral é difícil de ser biodegradado. No estudo da toxicidade aguda o W3 apresentou uma CL50 menor do que o Lubrax, causando maior mortalidade nos organismos. A CL50 para o Danio rerio foi de 2,46 gL-1 (Lubrax) e de 0,318 gL-1 (W3). Para a Artemia salina a CL50 foi de 4,63 gL-1 (Lubrax) e 0,641 gL-1 (W3). Em relação aos ensaios com a FSA, o Lubrax causou maior efeito tóxico aos organismos. O W3 não apresentou efeito tóxico a 50% dos organismos. Os valores da CL50 para o Lubrax foi de 4,89% para o Danio rerio e 7,67% Artemia salina. A análise cromatográfica da FSA dos fluidos não foi conclusiva, apenas sugere que a toxicidade pode estar relacionada com a solubilidade de todas as substâncias presentes no Lubrax e não apenas com a solubilidade dos n-alcanos. Os atributos químicos do solo não sofreram alterações significativas, apenas o carbono apresentou variação crescente em relação às concentrações dos fluidos. Houve redução do TOG durante os anos agrícolas e os solos em presença do W3 apresentaram maior degradação do que os em solos com Lubrax. O aumento da concentração dos fluidos dielétricos ocasionou redução nas características fitotécnicas da soja. As plantas em solo contaminadas com W3 apresentaram melhor desenvolvimento em relação às plantas que estavam no solo contaminado com Lubrax.

Submitted by Geandra Rodrigues (geandrar@gmail.com) on 2018-05-10T12:15:28Z No. of bitstreams: 1 alexandredasilvafernandes.pdf: 3326554 bytes, checksum: f4dfcfe70bde99c5ebe4501f03add83e (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Adriana Oliveira (adriana.oliveira@ufjf.edu.br) on 2018-05-22T15:33:53Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 alexandredasilvafernandes.pdf: 3326554 bytes, checksum: f4dfcfe70bde99c5ebe4501f03add83e (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-05-22T15:33:53Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 alexandredasilvafernandes.pdf: 3326554 bytes, checksum: f4dfcfe70bde99c5ebe4501f03add83e (MD5) Previous issue date: 2018-02-20 / O planejamento da operação do Sistema Interligado Nacional constitui-se uma tarefa de alta complexidade, seja pela quantidade acentuada de usinas hidrelétricas e termelétricas distribuídas nos quatro submercados interligados, ou pelas características marcantes da operação das hidrelétricas, no que diz respeito às incertezas dos cenários hidrológicos futuros e aos acoplamentos espacial e temporal. O objetivo deste planejamento é a determinação de uma política ótima de despacho das usinas do sistema de modo a minimizar o valor esperado dos custos operativos no horizonte considerado. Uma importante restrição do problema é o suprimento da demanda de energia elétrica, dado pela diferença entre a carga efetiva de cada submercado e a geração das usinas não simuladas, esta última composta pela energias alternativas (eólica, solar, biomassa), pequenas centrais hidrelétricas, entre outros. Entretanto, a crescente penetração da geração renovável, aliada às incertezas das fontes naturais como eólica e solar (pois dependem de fatores climáticos e por isso são imprevisíveis), contribui com a necessidade de representação da demanda em diversos cenários para um correto despacho das usinas e uma operação do sistema mais confiável. Sabendo que os modelos oficiais atuais tratam apenas as incertezas oriundas dos cenários hidrológicos, devido à dificuldade de implementação e alocação de memória na consideração de outras incertezas na Programação Dinâmica Dual Estocástica, o trabalho desenvolvido nesta dissertação propõe metodologias que incluem os diversos cenários de demanda, além de representar com maior detalhe a geração das hidrelétricas. Além disso, são propostos algoritmos de representação analítica da Função de Custo Imediato em sistemas isolados e com múltiplas áreas na busca por uma redução das dimensões do problema tratado. Finalmente, são realizados testes em sistemas tutorias e os resultados são analisados para avaliar as performances computacionais das metodologias propostas. / The operation schedulling of Brazilian System constitutes a task of high complexity, either due to the large number of hydro and thermal plants distributed in the four interconnected submarkets, or due to the outstanding characteristics of the hydro plants, with respect to the uncertainties in the hydrological scenarios future and due to spatial and temporal couplings. The objective of this planning is the determination of an optimal dispatch policy of plants that minimizes the expected value of the operating costs in the considered horizon. An important constraint is the supply of demand, which is obtained by the difference between the effective load of each submarket and the generation of non-simulated plants, composed of renewable energies (wind, solar, biomass), small hydropower plants, and others. However, the growing penetration of renewable generation, coupled with the uncertainties of natural sources such as wind and solar (because they depend on climatic factors and are therefore unpredictable), contributes to the need to represent demand in different scenarios for a correct dispatch of the plants and a more reliable system operation. Knowing that the current official models deal only with the uncertainties arising from the hydrological scenarios, due to the difficulty of implementation and memory allocation in the consideration of other uncertainties in Stochastic Dual Dynamic Programming, this work proposes methodologies that include the several scenarios demand, besides representing in greater detail the generation of hydroelectric plants. In addition, algorithms are proposed for analytical representation of the Immediate Cost Function in isolated systems with multiple areas in the search for a reduction of the dimensions of the problem. Finally, tests are performed on tutorial systems and the results are analyzed to evaluate the computational performances of the proposed methodologies.

This dissertation, entitled "Invalid Termination of Employment, and Related Consequences", aims to provide a comprehensive look into the issue of invalid employment termination by giving notice, immediately terminating an employment, or the employer cancelling employment during a trial period, and of the related consequences. The dissertation is divided into three main chapters. The first chapter briefly characterizes employment as a special private relationship, and industrial conduct as a legal fact which results in establishing, altering, and terminating employment. Special attention is paid to the individual aspects of industrial conduct whose fulfilment is a prerequisite for perfect industrial conduct. The second chapter focuses on the consequences of faults in industrial conduct, intending mainly to alert the reader to the necessity of differentiating between seemingly legal conduct and invalid legal conduct. The second chapter then identifies and analyses reasons which cause a court to determine the invalidity of a notice, immediate employment termination, or employment cancellation during a trial period by the employer. The third chapter contains an analysis of consequences which may arise if a notice, immediate employment termination, or employment cancellation during a trial period by the...

Les services d’aide téléphonique (SATs) offrent une aide accessible, gratuite en temps opportun aux individus vivant un état de vulnérabilité. Les chercheurs, les évaluateurs et les administrateurs d’organismes offrant des services d’aide téléphonique s’intéressent de plus en plus aux résultats immédiats des SATs, non seulement en raison de la place qu’ils occupent dans le système de santé mentale et de services communautaires actuels et de la clientèle qu’ils desservent, mais aussi en raison de la rareté des ressources disponibles caractérisant le contexte sociopolitique actuel. À ce jour, il n’existe aucune synthèse quantitative de l’ampleur de l’effet proximal des SATs. Le présent ouvrage constitue la première méta-analyse portant sur les résultats immédiats des SATs auprès de leur clientèle. Cette méta-analyse permet de dresser un portrait quantitatif de l’ampleur de l’effet des SATs sur leurs appelants pour différentes catégories de résultats immédiats (c’est-à-dire pour les « domaines de santé mentale » et le « type d’approche évaluative »). Elle permet également d’explorer les variables modératrices potentielles (liées à l’intervention, à la clientèle et à la méthodologie de l’évaluation) qui pourraient influencer l’ampleur de l’effet qu’ont les SATs sur leurs clients. Treize études répondent aux critères d’inclusion, c’est-à-dire qu’elles portent sur des interventions téléphoniques ponctuelles livrées par les intervenants (bénévoles ou rémunérés) d’un SAT œuvrant en santé mentale et qu’un changement cognitif, affectif ou comportemental est mesuré chez les clients au début et à la fin de l’intervention à l’aide du même outil de mesure. Des tailles d’effet g sont calculées pour chaque résultat ou type de résultats en utilisant un modèle statistique d’effets aléatoires. Les SATs améliorent grandement l’état de santé psychologique de leurs clients (g = 0,913). Ils améliorent modérément le fonctionnement (g = 0,540) et le niveau de sécurité (g = 0, 458) de leurs clients. Les SATs ont un effet tout aussi grand pour accroître les forces de leurs clients (g = 0,558) que pour réduire leurs problèmes ou leurs déficits (g = 0,498). Des facteurs modérateurs ont été examinés pour expliquer l’hétérogénéité de la distribution des tailles d’effet de l’état de santé psychologique et du niveau de sécurité. Le type d’intervenant (« bénévole/non professionnel » ou « rémunéré/professionnel ») modère l’effet des SATs sur le niveau de sécurité de leurs clients (Qbetween = 21,611, df = 1, p < 0,001), mais pas sur leur état de santé psychologique. Les SATs améliorent davantage l’état psychologique et le niveau de sécurité des appelants suicidaires que ceux des appelants non suicidaires (Qbetween[État de santé psychologique] = 57,001 , df = 1, p < 0,001; Qbetween[Sécurité] = 4,856 , df = 1, p = 0,028). Plus les échantillons des études comprennent de femmes, plus les tailles d’effet des SATs quant au niveau de sécurité augmentent (QModel = 10,571, df = 1, p < 0,002). Le fait qu’un intervenant observe l’appelant pour recueillir des données évaluatives plutôt que de s’adresser directement à ce dernier en lui posant des questions n’influence pas l’ampleur des changements d’état de santé psychologique ou du niveau de sécurité observés. Le fait d’avoir recours à un intervenant plutôt qu’à un chercheur indépendant pour recueillir les données évaluatives n’influence pas l’ampleur des changements d’état de santé psychologique mesurés, mais il accroît l’ampleur des changements du niveau de sécurité rapportés (Qbetween[Sécurité] = 37,127, df = 1, p < 0,001). Les informations générées par cette méta-analyse, malgré les limites y étant associées, ont d’importantes implications pour l’étude, l’évaluation et l’offre des services d’aide téléphonique.

My dissertation´s topic is termination of employment from employer´s side. It includes determination of possibilities and recommendations how to properly terminate employment with employer without any legal consequences in practice. The basic terms in relation to given topic such as employment, importance of employment contract, its requirements and participants of labor-law relations are defined and described in first part of dissertation. Next part deals with termination of employment methods and compares mutual differences. It also takes reasons leading to termination of employment by employer into account. Practical part of dissertation is aimed at the issue of termination of employment by employer in chosen company. The process evaluation of this termination is performed both from general and company´s point of view in dissertation´s next part. Assessment and evaluation of legal reasons for termination of employment is present in the last part, in which the actual problems of dismissing employees are solved with help of real court decisions.

Objetivo: Avaliar a influência de diferentes tratamentos de superfície dentinária na resistência de união de cimentos resinosos convencionais e autoadesivos, bem como analisar a superfície de fratura. Metodologia: Foram elaborados quatro artigos científicos. No Capítulo 1 apresentou-se uma revisão de literatura acerca do selamento dentinário imediato, através de uma análise crítica sobre os materiais e métodos de aplicação clínica, baseado em estudos clínicos e in vitro. O Capítulo 2 descreve uma revisão da literatura sobre os cimentos resinosos autoadesivos, seu desempenho clínico e laboratorial na capacidade de união à dentina e diferentes substratos restauradores. Nos capítulos 3 e 4 estão descritos os trabalho in vitro, nos quais foram utilizados a metodologia de microtração e análise fractográfica para avaliação dos resultados de resistência de união. No capítulo 3 foi delineado um experimento com o objetivo de avaliar a resistência de união de um cimento resinoso autoadesivo (Rely X U200) utilizado para fixação de restaurações em dentina submetida a diferentes tratamentos de superfície: Grupo Controle nenhum tratamento; Grupo TC influência do cimento provisório antes da cimentação definitiva; Grupo PA condicionamento com ácido poliacrílico a 10%; Grupo DDS selamento dentinário tardio com adesivo universal (Single Bond Universal) aplicado antes da cimentação da restauração definitiva; Grupo IDS o mesmo adesivo aplicado imediatamente após a exposição dentinária. No capítulo 4 foi delineado outro estudo que avaliou diferentes formas (SE autocondicionante ou ER précondicionante) e momentos (IDS ou DDS) de aplicação do adesivo universal previamente à cimentação de restaurações utilizando cimento resinoso convencional (Rely X ARC). As formas de aplicação foram: pré-condicionamento e autocondicionamento, e os tempos de aplicação foram: selamento dentinário imediato (IDS) ou tardio (DDS). Os resultados de ambos os estudos laboratoriais foram submetidos à análise estatística (ANOVA e Tukey) com nível de significância de 5%. Conclusões: Foi possível concluir que os tratamentos da superfície dentinária promovem aumento dos valores de união de um cimento resinoso autoadesivo e que o selamento dentinário imediato aumenta de maneira significativa a resistência de união à dentina de um cimento resinoso convencional. / Objective: To evaluate the influence of different dentin surface treatments on the microtensile bond strength of adhesive and self adhesive resin cements, and fracture analysis. Metodology: Four scientific articles were made. Chapter 1 presented a literature review about immediate dentin sealing (IDS). Techniques and materials were assessed based on clinical studies and in vitro data. Chapter 2 describes a literature review about self adhesive resin cements, its clinical and laboratorial performance on the ability to bond to dentin surfaces and different restorative materials. Chapters 3 and 4 describe in vitro studies by microtensile bond strength (&#956;-TBS) and fracture analysis. Chapter 3 evaluated the &#956;-TBS of a self adhesive resin cement on the fixation of composite restorations under different dentin conditions: Control Group without treatment; Group TC influence of temporary cement before definitive luting; Group PA surface conditioning with 10% polyacrylic acid; DDS Group delayed dentin sealing (DDS) with universal adhesive system (Single Bond Universal) applied before cementation of composite restoration; IDS Group same adhesive system applied immediately after dentin exposure. Chapter 4 evaluated different techniques to apply a universal adhesive system before adhesive luting with Rely X ARC. The adhesive was applied in etch-and-rinse and self-etch mode, in different times: IDS and DDS. Results were submitted to ANOVA and Tukey complementary test at a significance of 5%. Conclusions: It was possible to conclude, among the limitations of an in vitro study, that dentin surface treatments are able to promote higher bond strength values when using a self adhesive resin cement (Rely X U200) and that IDS increases significantly the bond strength of Rely X ARC.

Les mères adoptantes à l’international vivent généralement un grand bonheur au moment de la rencontre avec leur enfant, car leur fort désir de fonder une famille ou de l’agrandir se concrétise (Duvert, 2007). Or, la période d’adaptation suivant l’arrivée de l’enfant peut être difficile, d’autant plus que plusieurs enfants adoptés à l’international présentent des besoins spéciaux (Dartiguenave, 2012; Martin et al., 2016). Le soutien apporté par le réseau immédiat est donc important (Jeannet, 2017). L’objectif de la présente étude est de documenter le rôle du réseau immédiat (famille, amis, autres parents adoptants, collègues, voisins) dans le soutien apporté aux mères adoptantes à l’international, suivant les trois premières années de l’arrivée de l’enfant. Douze entrevues individuelles semi-structurées ont été réalisées avec des mères ayant adopté au cours des trois dernières années. À leur arrivée, les enfants étaient âgés entre neuf mois et quatre ans et demi. Les thèmes de l’entrevue sont : les besoins des mères, la composition de leur réseau immédiat, les formes de soutien reçu et leur satisfaction du soutien. Précisons que le cadre conceptuel est celui du soutien social. L’analyse thématique dévoile que les besoins des mères sont d’avoir du répit, d’être écouté, encouragée et respectée dans leur rôle de parent adoptant. Leur réseau immédiat a surtout un rôle de soutien émotionnel et informationnel et occasionnellement un rôle d’accompagnement social. Le répit et l’aide concrète sont rares. Les mères rapportent que leurs principales sources de soutien sont leurs parents et leur meilleure amie. Les parents adoptants qu’elles fréquentent se distinguent par leur excellente compréhension de l’adoption. La majorité des mères sont satisfaites du soutien reçu. Leurs insatisfactions, peu nombreuses, sont le manque de répit et les difficultés de leurs proches non-adoptants à comprendre l’adoption. La discussion révèle que certaines mères sont inconfortables et réticentes à demander du soutien, car elles veulent être autonomes et craignent de déranger. Or, il ressort que les mères les mieux soutenues et satisfaites du soutien sont celles qui expriment leurs besoins de soutien. Quelques recommandations sont suggérées : accompagner les mères adoptantes à exprimer leurs besoins et informer le réseau immédiat sur la parentalité adoptive internationale. / International adoptive mothers generally experience great happiness when they meet their child, because their strong desire to start a family or expand it becomes a reality (Duvert, 2007). However, the adjustment period following the arrival of the child can be difficult, even more so when many children adopted internationally have special needs (Dartiguenave, 2012; Martin et al., 2016). The support provided by the immediate network is therefore important (Jeannet, 2017). The objective of this study is to document the role of the immediate network (family, friends, other adoptive parents, co-workers, neighbours) in providing support to mothers who adopted internationally, in the first three years after the child’s arrival. Twelve semi-structured one-on-one interviews were conducted with mothers who adopted in the past three years. At their arrival, the children were between nine months and four and a half years old. The themes of the interview are: adoptive mothers’ needs, the composition of their immediate network, the forms of support received and their satisfaction of support. The conceptual framework is that of social support. A thematic analysis reveals that these mothers’ needs are to have respite, to be listened to, to be encouraged and to be respected in their role as adoptive parents. Their immediate network has a support role that is mainly emotional and informational and occasionally social. Respite and concrete help are rare. The mothers reported that their main sources of support are their parents and their best friend. The adoptive parents stand out within their immediate network in that they have an excellent understanding of adoption. The majority of the mothers are satisfied with the support received. Their dissatisfactions, though few, are the lack of respite and the difficulties of their non-adoptive relatives to understand adoption. The discussion underscores that some mothers are uncomfortable and reluctant to ask for support because they want to be independent and they fear bothering others. However, it emerged that the mothers who are the most supported and satisfied with the support are those who express their needs for support. Some recommendations are suggested: accompanying adoptive mothers in expressing their needs and informing the immediate network about international adoptive parenthood.

Le traitement de référence de la maladie de Parkinson (MP) reste l’utilisation du précurseurdirect de la dopamine: la L-3,4-dihydroxyphenylalanine (L-Dopa). Le traitement chroniquedes patients parkinsoniens à la L-Dopa induit, en revanche, systématiquement desmouvements involontaires anormaux que l’on qualifie de dyskinésies induites par la L-Dopa(DIL). L’étude de l’expression des dyskinésies s’est essentiellement focalisée sur lesdysfonctions neuronales engendrées dans les régions motrices des ganglions de la base et apermis de révéler une surexpression significative de gènes de réponse précoce (GRP) tels que: ΔFosB, ARC, Zif268 et FRA2 dans le striatum de rats dyskinétiques traités chroniquement à la L–Dopa. En revanche, plusieurs autres régions dopaminoceptives, probablement affectées par la dopamine exogène nouvellement synthétisée, ont été négligées alors qu’elles pourraient jouer un rôle clé dans l’expression des dyskinésies. Par conséquent, nous avons quantifié l’expression de ΔFosB, ARC, FRA2 et Zif268 dans l’ensemble du cerveau de rats dyskinétiques que nous avons comparée à des rats non-dyskinétiques. Cette approche nous a permis d’identifier 9 structures, localisées en dehors des ganglions de la base, présentant une surexpression d’au moins 3 des GRPs cités ci-dessus. Parmi ces structures, le domaine dorsolatéral du « bed nucleus of the stria terminalis » (dlBST) et l’habenula latérale (LHb) montrent une corrélation significative entre l’expression de ΔFosB et la sévérité des dyskinésies. Nous avons donc fait l’hypothèse que ces 2 structures pouvaient être impliquées dans l’expression des dyskinésies. Par conséquent, pour évaluer le rôle potentiel du dlBST et de la LHb dans les dyskinésies, nous avons inhibé l’activité électrique des neurones exprimant FosB/ΔFosB en utilisant la méthode d’inactivation sélective du Daun02/ß-galactosidase que nous avons précédemment validée dans une structure bien connue pour être impliquée dans les dyskinésies: le striatum. Nous avons démontré que l’inhibition de ces neurones, à la fois dans le dlBST et la LHb, diminuait la sévérité des dyskinésies sans affecter l’effet bénéfique de la L-Dopa chez les rats dyskinétiques. Nous avons ensuite pu confirmer l’implication du dlBST grâce au model de référence des dyskinésies: le macaque dyskinétique lésé au MPTP. L’ensemble de ces résultats nous a ainsi permis de montrer, pour la première fois, l’implication fonctionnelle de 2 structures externes aux ganglions de la base dans l’expression des dyskinésies, offrant de nouvelles perspectives thérapeutiques. / The gold standard treatment for Parkinson’s disease (PD) remains the dopamine precursor L- 3,4-dihydroxyphenylalanine (L-Dopa). Long-term L-Dopa treatment systematically leads to abnormal involuntary movements (AIMs) called L-Dopa-induced dyskinesia (LID). These manifestations first led to investigate the neuronal dysfunctions in the motor regions of thebasal ganglia and unravelled an overexpression of ΔFosB, ARC, Zif268 and FRA2 immediate-early genes (IEG) in the dopamine-depleted striatum of dyskinetic rats. However, other several dopaminoceptive structures, likely affected by the exogenously produced dopamine, have been neglected although they might play a key role in mediating LID. Hence, we assessed the expression of ΔFosB, ARC, FRA2 and Zif268 IEGs in the whole brain of dyskinetic rats compared to non-dyskinetic ones. Such approach shed light notably upon 9 structures located outside of the basal ganglia displaying an IEG overexpression. Among them, the dorsolateral bed nucleus of the stria terminalis (dlBST) and the lateralhabenula (LHb) displayed a significant correlation between ΔFosB expression and LID severity. We therefore postulated that these structures might play a role in LID manifestation. Therefore, to assess dlBST and LHb causal roles upon LID severity, we inhibited the electrical activity of FosB/ΔFosB-expressing neurons using the selective Daun02/β- galactosidase inactivation method that we previously validated in a well known structure involve in LID: the striatum. Interestingly, the inactivation of dlBST and LHb ΔfosBexpressing neurons alleviated LID severity and increased the beneficial effect of L-Dopa in dyskinetic rats. Remarkably, BST involvement in LID was confirmed in the gold standard model of LID, the dyskinetic MPTP-lesioned macaque. Altogether, our results highlight for the first time the functional involvement of 2 structures.

The main aim of this study was to determine the changes in neuronal activity of anterior cingulate cortex (ACC), orbitofrontal cortex (OFC) and medial prefrontal cortex (MPC) in rats sensitized to D2/D3 receptor agonist quinpirole (QNP) during exploration of enriched open field arena. During the experiment, the evaluation of behavioural changes induced by quinpirole sensitization were also assessed and compared to previous results. For the purpose of this study, twenty-two adult male Long-Evans rats were used. The half of the rats was sensitized to QNP by receiving daily subcutaneous injections of quinpirole (0,5 mg/kg) while the other half received saline. Both groups were habituated for ten days to open-field arena enriched with two metal objects. The behaviour of animals was videotaped and the data about locomotion and the number of visits of each locale was obtained. On the eleventh day, the part of saline and quinpirole treated groups explored the open-field arena (t = 5 min) while the other two subgroups were left as respective cage-controls. Immediately after the end of experiment, all rats were sacrificed, and the extracted brains were cryopreserved. To determine the changes in neuronal activity of selected brain regions, fluorescence in situ hybridization of immediate early gene Arc was...

(in English): Diploma thesis is focused on children, who are in equipments for children who need immediate help. Thesis is focused on the Klokanek center. The goal of this work is to do a list about clients of Klokanek Chabarovicka in years 2009 - 2017 and find support obtions for childrens during their stay.The next goal is to find out thei expectation and perception of Klokanek by social workers. The last goal is to compare first two goals. The end of the research investigation is what was succesfully done. In the theoretical part is basic terminology and is divided into three main chapters - equipments for children who need immediate help and KIokanek, social and legal protection authority and support technology in equipment.Practical part is focused on research results. Research is made of quantitative and qualitative investigation. Methods: document analysis and interviews with social workers. All results were summarized in final chapter. Whole diploma thesis, theoretical and practical part, is focused on the Klokanek Chabarovicka.