Atherosclerotic plaque disruption leading to thrombosis has traditionally been studied as a rupture of a thin fibrous cap over a lipid-laden necrotic core. However, two noteworthy categories of plaques that do not rupture have presented themselves: 1) in mice, plaque rupture is rare if not absent, and 2) in humans, some plaques erode and form a thrombus without rupturing. Current understanding of the biomechanical differences between plaques that rupture and those that do not is incomplete. In this research, we used patient-specific computational biomechanics tools to study differences among these groups. Lesion-specific solid mechanical modeling of murine plaques revealed that the relative distribution of stresses differs considerably between mice and man. In human vulnerable plaques, peak stresses are on the thin fibrous cap over a necrotic core, but in mice the highest stresses are in the media and adventitia, away from the plaque. Whereas atherosclerotic human arteries usually experience neointima formation around the entire circumference of the vessel, mouse plaques tend to be punctate and adjacent lesion-free regions. The difference in mechanical environment suggests that plaque rupture, if possible in mice, is likely not driven by mechanics in the same manner as humans. Similar mechanical modeling of human ruptured and eroded plaques and comparison to histological staining revealed that ruptured plaques exhibit increased levels of inflammatory markers in response to strain in ruptured plaques, but no such response was observed in plaque erosion. This suggests that treatment of inflammation, a current paradigm for care of atherosclerotic patients, may not be an effective approach to mediate plaque erosion. Computational fluid dynamics modeling of patients with plaque erosion revealed no relation between wall shear stress magnitude or direction, further suggesting that the mechanism of plaque erosion differs considerably from that of plaque rupture. Together, these findings suggest that biomechanics can help explain why not all plaques rupture and that different clinical approaches are necessary to address different phenotypes of lesions.

Thesis (Ph.D)--Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, 2010. / Committee Chair: Griffin, Paul; Committee Member: Butera, Robert; Committee Member: Halpern, Michael; Committee Member: Nichols, Richard; Committee Member: Vidakovic, Brani. Part of the SMARTech Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Collection.

Thesis (M.S.)--University of Michigan, 1985.

Thesis (M.S.)--University of Michigan, 1985.

published_or_final_version / Pathology / Master / Master of Medical Sciences

No description available.

Ko Chun-wai, Hardy. / Thesis (M.Phil.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 1995. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 107-132). / Acknowledgement --- p.3 / Declaration of originality --- p.4 / Summary of thesis --- p.5-6 / Chapter Chapter 1 --- Introduction and aims of study --- p.7-26 / Chapter Chapter 2 --- Materials and methods --- p.27-39 / Chapter Chapter 3 --- Results of study --- p.40-77 / Chapter Chapter 4 --- Discussion --- p.78-103 / Chapter Chapter 5 --- Conclusion of study --- p.104-106 / References --- p.107-132

Orientador: Rogerio Dias / Resumo: Objetivo: Avaliar os pólipos endometriais pela imunoexpressão das proteínas p53 e PTEN como fatores preditivos para riscos de pré-malignidade e malignidade. Pacientes e Métodos: Estudo transversal com amostra por conveniência, cujos dados foram obtidos através de consultas aos prontuários no período de janeiro de 2010 a dezembro 2014 de pacientes com diagnóstico de pólipos endometriais, submetidas a histeroscopias diagnósticas e cirúrgicas/polipectomia no Setor de Endoscopia Ginecológica e Planejamento Familiar da Disciplina de Ginecologia da Faculdade de Medicina de Botucatu (UNESP) e da Clínica "Abrão" de Marília. Os pólipos endometriais foram encaminhados, em bloco de parafina, à Consultoria em Patologia Dr Carlos Bacchi para avaliação imunoistoquímica, identificando os marcadores p53 e PTEN. Todas as pacientes realizaram, previamente, ultrassonografia transvaginal e histeroscopia diagnóstica. O grupo estudado constituiu-se de 159 pacientes (n=159) com diagnóstico de pólipo confirmado pelo exame anátomo patológico. Grupo amostral: as pacientes foram divididas em 2 (dois) grupos, assim denominados: Grupo A=120 (pacientes com pólipos endometriais sem atipias) e Grupo B=39 (pacientes com pólipos endometriais com atipias). O Grupo A foi subdividido em 4 subgrupos, assim denominados: A1- imunoistoquímico p53 negativo e PTEN positivo; A2- imunoistoquímico p53 positivo e PTEN positivo; A3- imunoistoquímico p53 negativo e PTEN negativo e A4- imunoistoquímico p53 positivo e PTEN ne... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo) / Abstract: Objective: Evaluate the endometrial polyps by immune expression of p53 protein and PTEN as predictive factors for pre malignancy and malignancy risks. Patients and Methods: Transversal study with samples by convenience whose data were obtained by consulting the medical charts from January 2010 to December 2014 of patients diagnosed with endometrial polyps, submitted to a diagnostic and surgical hysteroscopy/polypectomy in the Gynaecological Endoscopy and Familiar Planning Division of the Gynaecology Discipline at Medical School of Botucatu (UNESP) and "Abrão" Clinic of Marília. The endometrial polyps, in paraffin blocks, were sent to Doctor Carlos Bacchi Pathology Advisory for immune hystochemical assessment, identifying the markers p 53 and PTEN. Previously, transvaginal ultrasonography and diagnostic hysteroscopy were done in all the patients. The studied group was made up of 159 patients (n=159) with confirmed diagnosis of polyps by anatomical pathological examination. Sample group: the patients were divided into 2 groups: Group A=120 (patients with endometrial polyps without atypias) and Group B = 39 (patients with endometrial polyps with atypias). Group A was subdivided into 4 sub groups: A1- immune hystochemical p53 negative and PTEN positive; A2- immune hystochemical p53 positive and PTEN positive; A3- immune hystochemical p53 negative and PTEN negative and A4- immune hystochemical p53 positive and PTEN negative. Group B was subdivided into 4 sub groups: B1- immune hys... (Complete abstract click electronic access below) / Doutor

Bibliography: leaves 110-120. Reports immunohistochemical investigations into the biological response to the application of an orthodontic force to the buccal segment teeth of marmosets.

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