BRAGA, David Barroso. A questão da afecção na crítica da razão pura. 2016. 134f. - Dissertação (Mestrado) - Universidade Federal do Ceará, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Filosofia, Fortaleza (CE), 2016. / Submitted by Gustavo Daher (gdaherufc@hotmail.com) on 2016-10-10T13:57:50Z No. of bitstreams: 1 2016_dis_dbbraga.pdf: 647274 bytes, checksum: e7642564adc76cdb89719dd0f878257a (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Márcia Araújo (marcia_m_bezerra@yahoo.com.br) on 2016-10-11T16:43:27Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 2016_dis_dbbraga.pdf: 647274 bytes, checksum: e7642564adc76cdb89719dd0f878257a (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-10-11T16:43:27Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 2016_dis_dbbraga.pdf: 647274 bytes, checksum: e7642564adc76cdb89719dd0f878257a (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016 / Apesar da tese da afecção da faculdade sensitiva ser o ponto de partida da teoria dos objetos elaborada pelo filósofo alemão Immanuel Kant, na obra Crítica da razão pura, ela não se coaduna pacificamente com a antropomorfização do conhecimento: se por um lado o homem conhece apenas objetos subordinados ao formalismo de sua estrutura, por outro precisa da afecção por objetos independentes desse formalismo para obter objetos. Noutros termos: se ele conhece apenas os objetos que se submetem ao seu modo de conhecer (fenômenos), então não pode dizer que é afetado por coisas independentes desse modo cognoscitivo (coisas em si), pois são incognoscíveis. Esta pesquisa pretende analisar tanto os elementos puros que o sujeito possui aprioristicamente, quanto os elementos impuros que ele adquire a posteriori com o objetivo de demonstrar que embora o conhecimento humano legítimo esteja restrito a um composto de elementos puros e impuros (a experiência), ele exige o concurso de um terceiro elemento que é incognoscível: a coisa em si. O resultado obtido desse estudo é que o conhecimento humano se apresenta dependente da tese da afecção, a qual encontra-se numa situação problemática. Conclui-se, então, que mesmo o empreendimento kantiano sendo acusado de idealista, solipsista e de incidir em círculo, ele encontra-se na verdade circunscrito numa estrutura aporética: o homem não pode conhecer as coisas em si mesmas, mas necessita que elas afetem o aspecto sensível de sua estrutura para que a mesma possa ter objetos cognoscíveis.

<p> A study is made of the effects of pairing of defects on the dynamics of impure lattices, with the prospect of calculating the properties of crystals with a reasonably high concentration of impurities. A harmonic theory is used, with a mass-defect model, i.e. mass differences only are considered.</p> <p> Various parameters of lattice dynamics are studied, such as the atomic mean square displacement, by use of the Green's functions of Zubarev (1960), as evaluated by Bruno (1971).</p> <p> Finally, a calculation is made of the shifts and widths in the phonon spectrum of Copper due to the addition of 20% Gold impurities. The theory of Aiyer et al. (1969) is used, as corrected by Nickel and Krumhansl (1971), with a derivation along the lines of Langer (1961).</p> <p> It is shown that pairing effects are small and that the high-concentration calculation does not reproduce the experimental results of Svensson and Kamitakahara (1972) so that a more detailed model must be employed, in particular the inclusion of force constant changes and volume effects appears to be necessary.</p> / Thesis / Master of Science (MSc)

No description available.

The primary objective of this dissertation is to introduce several algebraic procedures to the targeting of material recycle networks. The problem involves the allocation of process streams and fresh sources to process units (sinks) with the objective of minimizing fresh purchase and waste discharge. In the case of composition-limited sinks, allocation to process sinks is governed by feasibility constraints on flowrates and compositions. A systematic non-iterative algebraic approach is developed to identify rigorous targets for minimum usage of fresh resources, maximum recycle of process resources and minimum discharge of waste. These targets are identified a priori and without commitment to the detailed design of the recycle/reuse network. The approach is valid for both pure and impure fresh resources. The devised procedures also identifies the location of the material recycle pinch point and addresses its significance in managing process sources, fresh usage, and waste discharge. The dissertation also addresses the targeting of material-recycle networks when the constraints on the process units are described through flowrates and properties. This property-integration problem is solvedusing a non-iterative cascade-based algebraic procedure. Finally, for more complex cases with multiple fresh sources and with interception networks, a mathematical-programming approach is developed. Because of the nonlinear non-convex characteristics of the problem, the mathematical model is reformulated to enable the global solution of the problem. Several case studies are solved to illustrate the ease, rigor, and applicability of the developed targeting technique.

One of the benefits of calcium sulfoaluminate (CSA) cements is that these materials gain strength rapidly, where strength development is often measured in hours instead of days. This property makes these materials desirable for use in temporary, non-reinforced repairs of roadways, airfields, and navigable locks. The rapid repair of these infrastructure elements is critical to transporting supplies into regions devastated by disaster. In these austere environments, potable water may not be available in sufficient quantities to make vital repairs, and the use of impure water in the production of CSA cement-based concrete would be advantageous. However, the hydration products formed by CSA cement are substantially different from those formed by portland cement and may react differently to impurities that water sources may contain. This Thesis investigates the impact of various salts and impure water sources on the early-age strength development of commercially-available CSA cement-based concrete.

No description available.

We extend the model of Delfgaauw and Dur (2010) to analyze the occupation choice with the presence of the public service motivation. When the workers are purely altruistic, the lower is the acceptance rate of job application to the public sector, the higher is the possibility to have applicants with better managerial ability. In addition, when the friction cost of restarting job searching is higher, the applicants with less managerial ability tend to apply the private sector jobs from the beginning. On the other hand, when the workers are impurely altruistic, the applicants with less managerial ability will not self-select into the public sector. Finally, the highest social welfare level may not be reached if the acceptance rate in the public sector is not one hundred percent.

CoordenaÃÃo de AperfeiÃoamento de Pessoal de NÃvel Superior / Apesar da tese da afecÃÃo da faculdade sensitiva ser o ponto de partida da teoria dos objetos elaborada pelo filÃsofo alemÃo Immanuel Kant, na obra CrÃtica da razÃo pura, ela nÃo se coaduna pacificamente com a antropomorfizaÃÃo do conhecimento: se por um lado o homem conhece apenas objetos subordinados ao formalismo de sua estrutura, por outro precisa da afecÃÃo por objetos independentes desse formalismo para obter objetos. Noutros termos: se ele conhece apenas os objetos que se submetem ao seu modo de conhecer (fenÃmenos), entÃo nÃo pode dizer que à afetado por coisas independentes desse modo cognoscitivo (coisas em si), pois sÃo incognoscÃveis. Esta pesquisa pretende analisar tanto os elementos puros que o sujeito possui aprioristicamente, quanto os elementos impuros que ele adquire a posteriori com o objetivo de demonstrar que embora o conhecimento humano legÃtimo esteja restrito a um composto de elementos puros e impuros (a experiÃncia), ele exige o concurso de um terceiro elemento que à incognoscÃvel: a coisa em si. O resultado obtido desse estudo à que o conhecimento humano se apresenta dependente da tese da afecÃÃo, a qual encontra-se numa situaÃÃo problemÃtica. Conclui-se, entÃo, que mesmo o empreendimento kantiano sendo acusado de idealista, solipsista e de incidir em cÃrculo, ele encontra-se na verdade circunscrito numa estrutura aporÃtica: o homem nÃo pode conhecer as coisas em si mesmas, mas necessita que elas afetem o aspecto sensÃvel de sua estrutura para que a mesma possa ter objetos cognoscÃveis.

No description available.

The aim of this thesis is to present and analyse the role of the environmental groups and the trade unions on the issue of the environmental protection through the economic methodology. The specific groups have strong connection with the environmental issue since the beginning of the environmental movement. However, the two groups stand on different positions in the market and in the society, therefore they have different objectives and different tools for the achievement of their targets. Following the groups' different characteristics, I analyse their targets and how these could influence the firms' technological choice, the level of the production, the profits and finally the level of the emissions released by the firms' production. In the second chapter, a deeper analysis on the behavior and the strategy of the environmental groups is provided in order to shed more light on their objectives from the beginning of the environmental movement. Following a review of the literature an analytical framework for studying targets or motivations of the environmental groups is analysed. Three interrelated factors which affect the strategy and the decisions of the group are identified; the group s size, their budget and the weight of impure altruism in their individual and collective objectives. A positive relation exists between the group s size and the financial contributions, and the interaction of the personal expectations with the collective objectives encourages and benefits the group s actions. In the third chapter following the experience from the real world, the participation of the environmental groups in the emissions trading system (ETS) is analysed. Concretely, a competition in an ETS as a game between two firms and environmental group is modelled. According to the results, there is a U-shape relationship between how polluting the chosen technology is and the degree of the environmentalists impure altruism. Firms choose a more polluting technology in the presence of the environmentalists than in their absence if they are characterised by a high enough degree of impure altruism. Finally, in the fourth chapter the influence of the trade unions on the firms' environmental technological choice is analysed. However, in addition to the literature and according to the real world experience the unions care for the environmental protection. Particularly, the decentralised structure is compared with the centralised structure under a Cournot duopoly. I conclude that the decentralised structure could always provide higher incentives to the firms for the adoption of a better (less polluting) technology. Furthermore, there is an inverse U-shape relation between the firm s emissions and the size of the market. Finally, the emissions could be less under the centralised case compared to the decentralised for relatively low market size.