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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
1

Estudo longitudinal dos aspectos clínicos, laboratoriais e imagenológicos de pacientes MOG-IgG positivo / Longitudinal study of clinical, laboratorial and imaging aspects of MOG-IgG positive patients

Salles, Luana Michelli Oliveira de Paula 28 February 2019 (has links)
Introdução: A doença associada ao anticorpo MOG-IgG tem sido reconhecida como uma entidade clínica distinta de neuromielite óptica (NMO) e esclerose múltipla (EM). As principais apresentações clínicas associadas ao MOG-IgG são neurite óptica (NO), mielite e encefalite. Apesar das crescentes evidências na literatura, o papel da análise longitudinal de MOG-IgG ainda não é conhecido. Os objetivos deste estudo foram 1) descrever os aspectos clínicos, laboratoriais e imagenológicos dos pacientes MOG-IgG positivo; 2) estudar as diferenças clínicas e laboratoriais entre os pacientes MOG-IgG com curso monofásico e recorrente; 3) analisar a existência de fatores preditores de recorrência de surtos; 4) investigar se a persistência de MOG-IgG determina doença recorrente; 5) comparar as características clínicas e laboratoriais de pacientes MOG-IgG com pacientes NMOSD AQP4-IgG positivo e negativo. Casuística e métodos: após avaliação de elegibilidade de 574 sujeitos, foram incluídos 31 pacientes MOG-IgG positivos. Estes pacientes foram divididos em dois grupos segundo o padrão de surto, monofásico ou recorrente. Os pacientes foram acompanhados por dois anos em consulta clínica semestral e coleta anual de amostra de sangue para avaliação de MOG-IgG e AQP4-IgG. Resultados: neurite óptica (NO) foi frequente em ambos os grupos sem diferença significativa. Mielite foi encontrada em maior proporção nos pacientes recorrentes, porém sem significância estatística. NO acarretou maior risco para novos surtos, RC= 3,66 (IC 95 % 1,03- 29,91) (p 0,048). Após um primeiro surto de NO, existe uma probabilidade de 75% de que o segundo surto seja também NO. A mesma análise foi realizada para pacientes com mielite no primeiro surto, com uma probabilidade de 80% de mielite no segundo surto. A mediana de EDSS foi maior no grupo de pacientes recorrentes, sendo a diferença significativa entre o grupo recorrente e monofásico (p 0,013). A doença associada ao MOG-IgG possui bom prognóstico com melhora significante de EDSS e acuidade visual (AV) no desfecho quando comparados aos do evento inicial. O desfecho de AV não se correlacionou diretamente com número de episódios de NO. O tratamento imunossupressor profilático reduziu de forma significativa a ocorrência de surtos (p < 0,001). Na análise longitudinal de sorologias de MOG-IgG, a permanência de MOG-IgG esteve associada à atividade clínica de doença e o tratamento imunossupressor reduziu de forma significativa a taxa de amostras positivas. Altos títulos de MOG-IgG tiveram correlação com maior número de surtos de neurite óptica. As sorologias de pacientes com curso monofásico se tornaram negativas ao longo do seguimento clínico, e pacientes recorrentes em remissão clínica também apresentaram menor proporção de amostras positivas / Introduction: The MOG-IgG-associated disease has been recently recognized as different from multiple sclerosis and neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders. The main phenotypes associated with MOG-IgG are optic neuritis, myelitis and encephalitis. Although there is a growing body of evidence in the literature, the role of longitudinal MOG-IgG analysis is still unknown. The objectives of this study were: 1) to describe clinical and laboratorial aspects of MOG-IgG positive patients; 2) to study the differences between monophasic and relapsing group in clinical and laboratorial aspects; 3) to analyze predictors factors associated with risk of recurrence; 4) to investigate if the persistence of MOG-IgG is associated with risk of relapses; 5) to compare clinical and laboratorial aspects of MOG-IgG patients with NMOSD AQP4-IgG positive and negative patients. Methods: After assessment of eligibility in 574 subjects, 31 patients have been included. These patients have been divided in two groups, according to the course of the disease, if monophasic or relapsing. They have been followed for two years. During this period, annual blood samples have been collected to detect MOG-IgG and AQP4-IgG. Results: optic neuritis (ON) phenotype was frequent in both, monophasic and relapsing group; there were no statistically significant differences between them. Myelitis predominates in the relapsing group, with no significance though. The risk of recurrence is increased by having ON OR 3,66 (CI 95 % 1,03- 29,91) (p 0,048). In a logistic regression analysis, when the patient had ON in the first attack, we found a 75 % probability of having ON in the second attack. When analyzing myelitis, the risk of having a second myelitis as a phenotype was 80%. There were significant differences in EDSS scores between monophasic and relapsing patients (p 0,013). Good outcomes have been found when evaluating EDSS scores and visual acuity at the last visit. Immunossupressor treatment has significantly reduced the number of relapses (p < 0,001). When analyzing longitudinal MOG-IgG samples, relapses have been associated with positive serostatus and the immunosuppressor treatment has significantly reduced the proportion of MOG-IgG positivity. High MOG-IgG titers have been associated with higher proportion of optic neuritis relapses. Monophasic patients became MOG-IgG negative during follow-up, as well as relapsing patients on clinical remission
2

Avalia??o dos efeitos da terapia com imunoglobulina humana em modelo murino de cardiomiopatia chag?sica cr?nica / Evaluation of the therapeutic effects of human immunoglobulin in murine model of chronic chagasic cardiomyopathy

Rabelo, M?rcia Maria Noya 31 March 2011 (has links)
Submitted by Luis Ricardo Andrade da Silva (lrasilva@uefs.br) on 2016-02-12T23:10:51Z No. of bitstreams: 1 M?rcia Maria Noya Rabelo - Disserta??o.pdf: 26908510 bytes, checksum: 90ce9ed15229c185d93e1b1379da4d1a (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-02-12T23:10:51Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 M?rcia Maria Noya Rabelo - Disserta??o.pdf: 26908510 bytes, checksum: 90ce9ed15229c185d93e1b1379da4d1a (MD5) Previous issue date: 2011-03-31 / INTRODUCTION: Chagas disease, caused by the protozoan Trypanosoma cruzi, is one of the most important causes of heart failure in America. Alternative therapies have been investigated as potential therapeutic options for patients with this disease. This study evaluated the effects of therapy with human immunoglobulin in an experimental model of chronic chagasic cardiomyopathy. METHODS: C57BL/6 mice were infected with 1000 trypomastigotes of the Colombian strain of T. cruzi, and after eight months of infection were treated with intravenous human immunoglobulin or albumin (control). Before and after 2 months of treatment, infected animals and normal controls underwent cardiac evaluation including electrocardiogram, echocardiography and treadmill test. The immunoglobulin and albumin groups were treated, respectively, with 1 mg/kg/day of human immunoglobulin or albumin, intraperitoneally, for five consecutive days. All animals were sacrificed under anesthesia, after 2 months of treatment, for histopathological analysis of the heart. RESULTS: No improvement was observed in cardiovascular function in animals treated with immunoglobulin compared to animals treated with albumin. There was an increasing in the number of animals with complete atrioventricular block in the immunoglobulin group. However, sections of hearts in immunoglobulin group had a significantly reduced number of inflammatory cells (p <0,01) and area of fibrosis (p <0,001), compared to animals treated with albumin. In animals treated with immunoglobulin, there was evidence of arteritis marked with immune complex deposition in the intima of arterioles. The concentrations of serum cytokines were increased in the group treated with immunoglobulin in comparison to the other groups (uninfected and treated with albumin mice). When considering cytokines production in heart extract, there were no differences observed in production of IFN-?, TNF-? and IL-10 between the groups treated with immunoglobulin and albumin. CONCLUSION: Thus, we concluded that immunoglobulin therapy has neither not shown anti-inflammatory efficacy nor improvement in cardiovascular function in a murine model of chronic chagasic cardiomyopathy. / INTRODU??O: A doen?a de Chagas, causada pelo protozo?rio Trypanosoma cruzi, ? uma das mais importantes causas de insufici?ncia card?aca na Am?rica. Terapias alternativas v?m sendo investigadas como poss?veis op??es terap?uticas para pacientes portadores desta doen?a. Neste estudo foram avaliados os efeitos da terapia com imunoglobulina humana em um modelo experimental de cardiomiopatia chag?sica cr?nica. M?TODOS: Camundongos C57BL/6 foram infectados com 1000 tripomastigotas da cepa Colombiana de T. cruzi e, ap?s oito meses de infec??o, foram tratados com imunoglobulina ou com albumina humanas (controle). Antes e ap?s 2 meses do tratamento, os animais chag?sicos e controles normais foram submetidos ? avalia??o card?aca, incluindo eletrocardiograma, ecocardiograma e teste ergom?trico. Os grupos tratados com imunoglobulina e albumina receberam, respectivamente, 1 mg/Kg/dia de imunoglobulina humana ou albumina, via intraperitoneal, por cinco dias consecutivos. Todos os animais foram sacrificados sob anestesia ap?s 2 meses de tratamento, para an?lise histopatol?gica do cora??o. RESULTADOS: N?o foi observada uma melhora da fun??o cardiovascular no grupo tratado com imunoglobulina quando comparado ao grupo tratado com albumina. Houve um aumento do n?mero de animais com bloqueio atrioventricular total no grupo imunoglobulina. No entanto, sec??es de cora??es de camundongos do grupo imunoglobulina apresentaram uma redu??o significativa do n?mero de c?lulas inflamat?rias (p< 0,01) e da ?rea de fibrose (p< 0,001) em compara??o com animais chag?sicos tratados com albumina, sendo que nos animais tratados com imunoglobulina foi evidenciada a presen?a de arterite acentuada, com dep?sito de imunocomplexos na camada ?ntima arteriolar. As concentra??es de 12 citocinas s?ricas foram aumentadas no grupo tratado com imunoglobulina em rela??o aos demais grupos (n?o infectados e tratados com albumina). Quando avaliada a produ??o, em extrato de cora??o, de IFN-?, TNF-? e IL-10, n?o foram observadas diferen?as entre os grupos tratados com imunoglobulina e albumina. CONCLUS?O: Deste modo, conclu?mos que a terapia com imunoglobulina humana n?o demonstrou efic?cia anti-inflamat?ria nem induziu a melhora da fun??o card?aca no modelo murino de cardiomiopatia chag?sica cr?nica.

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