L‘étude de notre corpus porte sur les chansons d‘amour et d‘ami gallaïco-portugaises datées de la fin du XIIème jusqu‘au milieu du XIVème siècle. La problématique consiste à déterminer quelle dialectique entretiennent le troubadour et la figure féminine à travers ces deux genres lyriques dans le cadre de l‘amour et de l‘érotisme. Leur rapport amoureux repose sur une dialectique soit platonicienne, soit hégélienne, en fonction du genre lyrique, de la thématique de l‘amour et de l‘érotisme, de leur appartenance sociale, de la référence aux histoires amoureuses réelles et imaginaires de l‘époque, mais aussi de la matière, de la forme, de l‘origine et de la source d‘influence de la chanson. Le regard porté sur la femme dans la société médiévale ibérique a subi l‘influence d‘un double discours entretenu par les Penseurs de l‘Église qui a consisté, d‘une part à inférioriser la femme en la rendant responsable du péché originel, et d‘autre part à lui associer une image maternelle et mariale tout à la fois. Face à cette vision, le troubadour entend concevoir une nouvelle image féminine dans ses compositions lyriques, selon deux modèles de représentation. D‘abord, il décrit une figure féminine abstraite et inaccessible dans un espace et un temps sacrés à travers une peinture érotique de l‘amour. Cette figure s‘apparente à celle de la Dame de la cour, de la comtesse de Tripoli ou de la Vierge Marie. Mais aussi, proche de lui, il la met en scène dans des récits amoureux conformes au monde profane et à la réalité historique et sociale, en faisant une jeune femme célibataire ou mariée, appartenant soit à la noblesse, à la bourgeoisie, ou à la paysannerie. / The study of our corpus is about the gallaïco-portuguese songs of love and friend dated from the late twelfth to the mid-fourteenth century. The problem is to determine what dialectic maintain the troubadour and the feminine face through the two lyric genres in the context of love and eroticism. Their loving relationship is based on a dialectic either Platonic or Hegelian, depending on the lyric genre, the theme of love and eroticism, their social class, the reference to real and imaginary loving stories of the period, but also of the material, the shape, the origin and the source of influence of the song. The glance carried towards the woman in the iberian medieval society was under the influence of a double speech maintained by the Thinkers of the Church which consisted, on one hand to minimize the importance of woman in making responsible original sin and on the other hand to associate her a maternal image and Marian quite at the same time. In front of this vision, the troubadour intends to design a new image of woman in his lyrical compositions, according to two models of representation. At first, he describes an abstract and inaccessible feminine face in a space and sacred time through an erotic paint in the love. This face is similar to that of the Lady of the court, the countess of Tripoli or the Virgin Mary. But also, near him, he depicts her in loving narratives corresponding to the profane world and to the historic and social reality, as a young woman married or single, belonging either to the nobility, the middle-class, or the peasantry.

Lifestyle magazines portray women in different manners and have an influence on how media consumers create self-images. The importance of knowing how different visual representation of the female acts out in magazines with large target audiences is therefore of weight for the magazines’ readers to understand. This thesis analyze how the two lifestyle magazines ELLE and LOVE portrays women in images and how they in turn create ideal images of women. The thesis has been conducted through a qualitative analysis of 5 images from each magazine that represents the magazines artistic styles. The theories used in this study are semiotic image analysis and visual text analysis viewed from a gender- and discourse perspective. The conclusion of this thesis is that ELLE portrays women as strong, happy and feminine, with at tendency towards androgyny, while LOVE describes women as inferior and sexual objects constructed for the male gaze. The magazines, which belong to a classic- respectively a post-modern genre within lifestyle magazines, thereby switch places with each other and becomes each other’s counterparts.

This thesis adopts the medieval medical discourse on love melancholy to analyze the representation of erotic love in Keats¡¦s poetry and to the changes in his ideas concerning love. In medieval discourse on love melancholy, women are seen as demonic agents to seduce men. In the process of their seductions, these temptresses also use amatory magic and love philters to bewilder and to enthrall their ¡§games.¡¨ People who fall in love usually lose their minds, their senses, and their judgments. They appear obsessed and insane, which leads to weakness, absurdity, and mental obscurity. Many of Keats¡¦s poems depict lovesickness, such as ¡§Lamia¡¨ and ¡§La Belle Dame sans Merci.¡¨ There are evidences showing that when he was composing these poems, he was also reading medieval treaties on love melancholy, which suggests that he might to a great extent be influenced by medieval concepts on lovesickness and sexuality. The characters in these poems, furthermore, can be seen as representations of the medieval images of the ¡§agents of love,¡¦ who, usually female, seduce men and cause all kinds of symptoms of ¡§love.¡¨ Keats was influenced by medieval discourse on lovesickness not only in his poetry but also in his personal life. When he first fell in love with Fanny Brawne, seemed to act under the influence of the so-called ¡§love-sickness,¡¨ and he strived to escape from love. Nevertheless, his failure to cure himself of this ¡§disease¡¨ enabled him to perceive the restraining viewpoint of this medieval discourse in regard to being love sick. Realizing this restrictive rational ideology lurking behind the medieval ideas of love melancholy and sexuality, Keats changed his belief in lovesickness. With Lycius¡¦s accusation of Apollonius and the knight¡¦s aimless loitering, he satirizes in ¡§Lamia¡¨ and ¡§La Belle Dame sans Merci¡¨ the derogation of reason on lovesickness, while in ¡§the Ode on Melancholy¡¨ and ¡§To Autumn,¡¨ Keats represents melancholy in a way that differs from the discourse he has inherited. Instead of showing feminine beauty as threatening and haunting, he delineates it as giving a perplexing delight. Rather than sober male characters, he prefers and describes indecisive male characters in love who demonstrates qualities such as softness, capriciousness and uncertainty¡Xqualities usually associated with females. Keats came to realize that the female perplexing beauty is suppressed and disliked in a society dominated by men, and males were not allowed to express feminine traits and emotions. The emphasis on rationality in late-eighteenth century somewhat resembled the medieval times in that both emphasize male calmness and intelligence. However, experience enabled Keats to realize that, rather than singularly repel the feminizing symptoms aroused by love melancholy, it is healthier to accept both the female and male features demonstrated within a man. Emotional perturbation and temporary irrational passions are human emotions that should be permitted. Instead of running away from love, Keats with his insight into lovesickness cured his fear for lovesickness. The idea of medieval sexuality no longer haunted on Keats on his journey to love, but is criticized for its excessive rationality.

Title from title page of PDF (University of Missouri--St. Louis, viewed Mar. 3, 2010). Includes bibliographical references (p. 113-127).

Thesis (M.A.)--Catholic Theological Union at Chicago, 2003. / Vita. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 126-132).

Bakgrund: En bra relation motverkar ångest och depression medan en dålig relation är sämre för den psykiska hälsan än att vara singel. Bra kärleksrelationer består av komponenter som exempelvis nöjdhet, intimitet, kärlek och engagemang. Nöjdhet predicerar dessutom nöjdhet senare i relationen. Kärlek belyses utifrån definitionerna romantisk kärlek, kamratlig kärlek, vuxen anknytningskärlek och medkännande kärlek. Medkännande kärlek innefattar ömhet, omsorg, förståelse, vård, stöttning och hjälpsamhet. Hängivenhet innebär att vara lyhörd inför sin partners behov och hjälpa denne.Syfte: Syftet med denna studie är att undersöka hur man i tidigare forskning beskrivit hur hän-givenhet och medkännande kärlek i en kärleksrelation påverkar förhållandet. Metod: En litteraturstudie där åtta artiklar om hängivenhet och medkännande kärlek i förhål-landen undersöktes. Genom en innehållsanalys av de åtta artiklarna skapades temat ”Att bry sig om sin partner”, samt huvudkategorierna ”Att ha kärlek att ge” och ”Upplevelsen av att ha fått något”. Resultat: Personer som har mycket kärlek att ge upplever att de får mycket kärlek tillbaka då de betraktar sin partner till stor del utifrån sig själva och att denna syn på sig själva och sin partner skapade mer omtanke och bättre förhållanden vilket var ömsesidigt förstärkande. Omtanken kunde vara förankrad i människors identitet och det fanns mycket som indikerade att omtänksamma personer kände högre grad av medkänsla mot sin partner. Medkänslan och den positiva synen på partnern var delaktig i den genuina viljan och glädjen över att hjälpa sin part-ner och att den glädjen behövde upprätthållas genom att personen fick omtanke tillbaka. Diskussion: Resultatet från analysen diskuteras utifrån anknytningsteorin som teoretisk referensram där det fanns indikationer för att medkännande kärlek, hängivenhet och trygg anknytning skulle kunna vara ömsesidigt förstärkande. / Background: A good relationship counteracts anxiety and depression, while a bad relationship is worse for the mental health than being single. Good romantic relationships consist of com-ponents such as satisfaction, intimacy, love and commitment. Satisfaction also predicts satis-faction later in the relationship. Love is illuminated according to the definitions romantic love, companionate love, adult attachment love and compassionate love. Compassionate love include tenderness, caring, understanding, care, supportiveness and helpfulness. Devotion (communal) means to be responsive to your partner's needs and help them. Purpose: The purpose of this study is to examine how the previous research has described how devotion and compassionate love in a love relationship affect the relationship. Method: A literature study where eight articles about the dedication and compassionate love in relations were investigated. Through a content analysis of the eight articles the theme "Caring about your partner” was created, as well as the main categories "To have love to give" and ”The experience of have been given something". Results: People who have much love to give experience that they recieve much love in return as their perception of their partner is largely based on themselves and that this view of themsel-ves and their partners created greater care and better conditions, which were mutually reinfor-cing. The thoughtfulness could be rooted in people's identity and there was much that indicated that thoughtful people felt a greater degree of compassion towards their partners. The compass-ion and the positive perception of the partner were a part of the genuine will and joy of helping their partners and in order for the joy to be maintained, the person needed to recieve care in return. Discussion: The results of the analysis are discussed with attachment theory as a theoretical reference frame where there were indications that compassionate love, devotion and secure attachment could be mutually reinforcing.

Darbo tikslas yra aptarti egzistuojančias romantinės meilės teorijas ir tyrimus bei ištirti jaunų žmonių kultūrinius romantinės meilės modelių vaizdinius Lietuvos kontekste. Siekiant šio tikslo, sprendžiami šie uždaviniai: (1) aptariamos romantinės meilės universalumą postuluojančios teorijos; (2) nagrinėjamos romantinės meilės istoriškumą ir kultūriškumą teigiančios teorijos; (3) aptariamos sociologines romantinę meilę naginėjančias teorijas ir pateikiamas jų empirinis pagrįstumas; (4) aptariamos kultūrinių romantinės meilės modelių teorines prielaidos; (5) derinant skirtingus metodus, aptariama, kokie kultūriniai romantinės meilės vaizdiniai vyrauja tarp jaunų žmonių Lietuvos kontekste. Tyrimo metodai: mokslinės literatūros ir antrinių duomenų analizė, kiekybinio bei kokybinio tyrimo duomenų analizė. Darbe analizuojamos romantinės meilės teorijos, siekiant išnarplioti romantinės meilės termino daugiareikšmiškumą. Evoliucinė perspektyva romantinę meilę įpina į platesnį poravimosi ir palikuonių auginimo strategijos mechanizmą. Feministinė teorija romantinę meilę laiko represyviu diskursu įkalinančiu moteris tradiciniuose lyčių vaidmenyse. . Darbe romantinę meilę tirsiu kaip kultūrinį modelį, remiantis prof. Victoro de Muncko teorinėmis prielaidomis apie kultūrinį modelį. Sociologinė tarpasmeninių santykių teorinė analizė fiksuojanti intymumo kaitos procesą, darbe tarnauja kaip kontekstas, kuriame kultūriniai romantinės meilės modeliai veiksmų strategijoms suteikia naujas... [toliau žr. visą tekstą] / The purpose of the study is to discuss the existing theories and researches on the issues of romantic love and to explore the images of cultural models of romantic love among young people in Lithuanian context. In order to achieve this goal, the study aimed to: (1) discuss theories, which postulate the universality of romantic love; (2) analyze theories, which maintain historical and cultural value of romantic love; (3) discuss and give empirical ground to the theories, which examine sociological aspects of romantic love; (4) discuss the premises of the cultural patterns of romantic love; (5) combining different methods, to discuss what cultural images of romantic love dominate among young people in Lithuanian context. Research methods: the analysis of the academic literature and secondary data, the analysis of the quantitative and qualitative research data. The study analyses the existing theories of romantic love, in order to understand the polysemy of this concept. From an evolutionary perspective romantic love is part of more global mating and caretaking strategies. Feminism considers romantic love to be a repressive discourse, which imprisons women in traditional gender roles. In this study romantic love will be analyzed as a cultural model, according to the theory of cultural model offered by Prof. Victor de Munck. Theoretical analysis of social interpersonal relationships, exploring intimacy tendencies, serves as a context in which cultural models of romantic love... [to full text]

Thesis (M.A.)--Catholic Theological Union at Chicago, 2005. / Vita. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 108-109).

Thesis (doctoral)--Universidad de Oviedo, 1978. / Includes bibliographical references (p. 335-357).

Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Chicago, Dept. of Classical Languages and Literatures, March 2000. / Includes bibliographical references. Also available on the Internet.