Tesis para optar al Grado de Magíster en Urbanismo / Los actuales instrumentos de planificación urbanos que regulan las ciudades en Chile, sobre todo en suelo central, carecen de una visión estratégica que les permita advertir las problemáticas estructurales, reconocer factores críticos de decisión, anticipar y evolucionar a la par de las dinámicas transformadoras de su contexto urbano e institucional, determinando insumos de planificación con un alto grado de obsolescencia y un bajo alcance dimensional del territorio. En este contexto, las actuales inversiones públicas en transporte de las líneas 3-6-7 de Metro en Santiago, propiciarán un explosivo incremento de conectividad y accesibilidad en áreas pericentrales anteriormente sin cobertura y poco densas, que consecuentemente generarán procesos de incremento de valorización del suelo en sus propiedades aledañas. Que, bajo las lógicas de mercado, incentivarán el desarrollo de nuevos nichos de inversión inmobiliaria, que capturarán el incremento de valor generado, y con ello la detonación de procesos de renovación urbana con posibles dinámicas de relegación y expulsión social de sus residentes preexistentes. A partir de estas consideraciones que, en mayor medida podrían afectar a las áreas pericentrales vulnerables y devaluadas, se reconoce la necesidad de contar con instrumentos de planificación urbanos actualizados a las dinámicas cambiantes del desarrollo, integrales en la gestión multidimensional del territorio y que den cumplimiento a una imagen urbana consensuada entre sus autoridades y la comunidad. Instrumentos que permitan proteger barrios consolidados y aprovechar las oportunidades que trae consigo esta inversión pública, propiciando una nueva oferta habitacional y actividades económicas hacia la configuración de un tejido complejo y multifuncional, que permita generar un proceso continuo de reactivación urbana, reajustar los desequilibrios en infraestructura y alcanzar procesos de integración socioespacial de estos contextos pericentrales. De esta forma, el presente AFE se orienta a la formulación de Bases Metodológicas que permitan establecer la secuencia estructurada de estrategias requeridas para una intervención urbana, como etapa previa al desarrollo e implementación de un nuevo instrumento de planificación urbano orientado a un enfoque integrado, que pueda servir de insumo referencial a las agencias públicas para encaminar el posterior diseño de un Plan Estratégico de Subcentralidades en torno a las estaciones PAC y Lo Valledor de la línea 6 del Metro, en la comuna de Pedro Aguirre Cerda, en base a la integración social de sus residentes preexistentes en los procesos de renovación urbana. El desarrollo de las bases se estructura bajo el enfoque metodológico de la planificación estratégica, que resulta ser el sustento teórico y procedimental que adoptan las intervenciones urbanas orientadas a una gestión integral. Por lo que, el despliegue de las 4 etapas que se desarrollan, se orienta a la identificación de las principales problemáticas del contexto urbano e institucional, que determinaran Factores Críticos de Decisión que deben ser reestructurados, para dar cumplimiento a la Visión Estratégica planteada para el territorio, mediante la definición de Directrices, Objetivos y Lineamientos en torno a una acción a largo plazo, para luego definir las Opciones de Desarrollo, Acciones Estratégicas y su respectivo despliegue territorial, que a corto y mediano plazo darán cumplimiento a las metas estratégicas. Siendo éste el insumo final del estudio, que podrá servir de antecedente técnico frente a un eventual encargo público de formulación e implementación de un nuevo instrumento de planificación urbana en PAC.

<p>High population growth rate in Metro Manila has a direct effect on the intensity of urbanisation and development in the region and population is expected to reach 13 million by the year 2015. Urban congestion is one of the region's most pressing problems as air pollution has a major impact on public health and particularly affects children and the elderly. This study will give a broad description of transportation and urban development in Metro manila and thus contribute to improve the understanding of urban transport issues of developing countries.</p>

High population growth rate in Metro Manila has a direct effect on the intensity of urbanisation and development in the region and population is expected to reach 13 million by the year 2015. Urban congestion is one of the region's most pressing problems as air pollution has a major impact on public health and particularly affects children and the elderly. This study will give a broad description of transportation and urban development in Metro manila and thus contribute to improve the understanding of urban transport issues of developing countries.

The discussion about gender and ideals shown in mass media is a subject of great importance for the society in general. Media is playing an essential part when it comes to establish standards and values and we are constantly exposed to all types of impressions, whether we are aware or not. It is therefore of great importance that we understand how stereotypes are built and to gain a deep knowledge that would enrich the area of Media and Communication Studies. The aim and focus of this study was to analyze how male stereotypes is communicated in print advertising and how visual means of expressions helps to construct the masculinities shown. From a semiotic analysis of seven print adverts appearing in the Swedish lifestyle Magazine Café were we able to gain a thorough understanding about how male stereotypes are communicated and built. The result showed that different kinds of stereotypes are in fact used but it is still a hegemonic masculinity that is predominating. Traditional male characteristics are still in use but we were able to see strong indications of effemination, sexualizing and objectifying. Metro sexuality is a recurring feature in the adverts, and one of the factors that indicate that masculinity is something complex and multi layered. Our study also shows that activity is still essential when it comes to form male qualities, but the impression of the same are nowadays of more importance than the actual activity itself. Attributes and surroundings are key components, and something that implicates that the social climate is focusing on material things.

Abstract For years, due to the lack of sound public transportation system, Kaohsiung citizens depend on motor cycles and their own cars for transportation. In the early this year, they started to have a new choice with the completion of Kaohsiung Mass Rapid Transit system (KMRT). Will the KMRT bring them more convenience and make them give up the dependence on motor cycles or cars, which eventually will become an important factor in choosing housing just as what has been observed in Taipei over the past decade? The research aims to study the influence of the KMRT to Kaohsiung people¡¦s daily habit of transportation and their housing choices. The study has adopted the planned behavior theory to explore the behavior intentions of Kaohsiung citizens in housing choices and to analyze the factors for purchases. The research adopted the questionnaire survey procedure to those people who were 25 years old and had taken the KMRT. The grand total of the questionnaires is 450 ones, of which 409 ones were effective. From the result through the regression analysis, it has been found that the location of the KMRT has indeed become a factor in housing choice for those who have taken the KMRT. However, it should be pointed out that an average of only ten percent Kaohsiung citizens per day use the system while in Taipei, above one third of people use the MRT every day. The low percentage for Kaohsiung people in using the new system tells the fact that the new system has not affected the people¡¦s lives so much as Taipei¡¦s MRT.

Thesis (D. Min.)--Midwestern Baptist Theological Seminary, 2002. / Abstract. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 182-187).

I den här uppsatsen undersöks opinionsmaterialets utveckling och förändring mellan 1986 och 2013 i de fyra tidningarna Dagens Nyheter, Expressen, Metro och Nerikes Allehanda. De år som har undersökts i nämnda period är 1986, 1995, 2004 samt 2013. Genom kvantitativa undersökningar har vi studerat hur mycket opinionstexterna har ökat i antal, hur placeringen på tidningssidan har förändrats, vilka ämnesområden som har bevakats och hur många kvinnliga respektive manliga skribenter som har skrivit texterna. En kompletterande kvalitativ undersökning har också gjorts för att undersöka hur argumentationen i opinionstexterna har förändrats genom åren. För att komma fram till det har vi använt oss av Aristoteles retorikbegrepp ethos, pathos och logos, och applicerat dem på ett urval av krönikor från olika år och tidningar. Undersökningen visar att antalet opinionstexter utanför ledarplats har ökat och att majoriteten av skribenterna är män. Undersökningen visar även hur den populära spalten så sakteligen har börjat bytas ut mot andra placeringar på nyhetssidan. Sport och kultur har varit de två mest populära genrerna genom åren, värt att notera är även de opinionsbildande ekonomitexternas kraftiga ökning sedan 1986.

Martinborough, a small rural settlement renowned for its Pinot Noir wines, is a popular holiday destination for many of the new middle class resident in nearby Wellington, New Zealand's capital city. Attracted by the prospect of a rural idyll experience and conspicuous opportunities for urbane consumption, Martinborough's wine tourists also typically desired highly idealised and personalised holiday experiences. My thesis therefore examines the tourists' performative displays and public narratives of social distinction and ideal reflexive individuality. I explore the collusive framing of Martinborough as a metro-rural idyll dedicated to urbane and leisured consumption, and how within this performative setting tourists attempted to reconcile their middle class distinction (general and hierarchical) with their simultaneous pursuit of a reflexive praiseworthy self (Howland 2004). My analysis arises from participant-observation fieldwork, interviews, and surveys in a number of public tourism and wine contexts in Martinborough and elsewhere. Social distinction is marked by the competitive struggle for, and deployment of, various capitals by individuals and groups (Bourdieu 1984). Bourdieu (1984, 2002) contends that within habitus various subconscious, durable, and transposable dispositions are generated. I argue that reflexive individuality is a pervasive habitus, especially for Martinborough's middle class tourists, and that this "reflexive habitus" (Sweetman 2003: 537) generates ideal dispositions, which are mediated through other habitus (e.g. occupational, ethnic etc), and which individuals variously enact, aspire to, narrate, or performatively display. These ideals include autonomy in thought and action, and dedication to self-improvement. In post-industrial societies reflexive individuality is an influential dynamic in social connectedness, occupational pathways, political movements, consumption, and in the individualised assembly of intersubjectivities (Beck 2002; Giddens 1991). The tourists' desire for ideal reflexive individuality is, however, routinely frustrated within their everyday domestic, occupational and consumerist experiences. The stratification mechanisms of social distinction also clearly possess the capacity to disrupt or invalidate the praiseworthy self. Individuals are thus drawn to fields of action where they perceive the greatest opportunities for personal autonomy and choice. For Martinborough's tourists this included various urbane and leisured consumption activities, their reflexive sociality, and the articulation of autobiographical narratives that affirmed personal tastes and individual orientations toward social distinction. Martinborough's tourists reproduced a mythology of an enduring vernacular rural idyll. This rural idyll provided the moral foundation for an equally romanticised metro-rural idyll which, in conjunction with the tourists similarly idealised notions of 'the French tradition' of fine wine, provided a corroborating setting for their leisured consumption of urbane commodities that performatively affirmed their middle class distinction. The tourists' pursuit of social distinction was also significantly enhanced by the democraticisation of the cultural capital of wine connoisseurship, the tiered production of wine, and by the provision of conspicuous opportunities to engage in singular, episodic, and performative wine consumption. The metro-rural idyll, in combination with a pervasive New World wine ethos that promoted personalised innovation and experimentation, also provided a validating locale for the tourists' pursuit of ideal reflexive individuality. Accordingly tourists' personal wine choices were conspicuously celebrated and many aspects of wine production, producers, purchasing, and consumption were reflexively biographised. The tourists' displays of reflexive sociality and their reflexive distinction narratives were also important components in their performative assertions of ideal reflexive individuality.

[pt] Este trabalho faz parte do projeto do desenvolvimento do primeiro padrão de referência metrológica de frequência em torno de 532 nm no Brasil, para a realização prática da definição do metro. A pesquisa foi desenvolvida no Laboratório de Interferometria (Laint) da Divisão de Metrologia Óptica do Inmetro, em convenio com o Programa de Pós-Graduação em Metrologia para Qualidade Industrial da PUC-Rio. No âmbito deste projeto, a realização de uma nova referência em comprimento/freqüência é feita mediante a estabilização de um laser comercial Nd:YAG emitindo uma radiação em torno de 532 nm. A estabilização é realizada numa componente hiperfina de uma transição do iodo molecular (127)I(2), segundo as recomendações do Comitê Internacional de Pesos e Medidas (CIPM- Comité International des Poids et Mesures). O vapor de iodo é contido numa célula externa de absorção resfriada à uma temperatura entre -10 °C e -15 °C. Neste trabalho são apresentadas as seguintes etapas do projeto: Montagem opto-mecânica do sistema e alinhamentos ópticos. Detecção e registro dos sinais de absorção com célula à temperatura ambiente correspondendo às transições do iodo em torno de 532 nm.Caracterização do laser Nd:YAG ou seja determinação da freqüência de emissão laser em função da temperatura TLC do cristal laser, utilizando para este fim um medidor de comprimento de onda (wavemeter). Medições preliminares do sistema de resfriamento e de regulação da temperatura da célula de iodo por meio de um dispositivo termoelétrico Peltier. O controle automático duma temperatura teste de -13°C é realizado via programação LabView. / [en] This work is part of the project for development of the first metrology reference for frequency standard around 532 nm in Brazil for the practical realization of the definition of the meter. The study was conducted at the Laboratory Interferometry (Laint) Inmetro, through an agreement with the Posgraduation Program in Metrology for Quality Industrial, PUC-Rio. In the scope of this project, the realization of a new reference length/frequency is made by the stabilization of a commercial laser Nd:YAG emitting radiation around 532 nm. The stabilization is performed on a component of a hyperfine transition of molecular iodine (127)I(2), according to the recommendations of the International Committee of Weights and Measures (CIPM- Comité International des Poids et Mesures).The iodine vapor is contained in an external absorption cell cooled to a temperature between -10°C and -15°C. This work presents the following stages of the project: Opto-mechanical assembly of the system and optical alignments. Detection and recording of signals with absorption cell at room temperature corresponding to iodine transitions around 532 nm. Characterization of Nd: YAG laser that is determining the frequency of the laser emission as a function of laser crystal temperature TLC, using for this purpose a meter wavelength (wavemeter). Preliminary measurements of the cooling system and temperature regulation of the iodine cell by a Peltier thermoelectric device. The automatic control of a test temperature of -13°C is achieved via LabView programming.

Este trabalho consiste em um estudo métrico e rítmico das Odes Píticas de Píndaro, bem como uma tradução desses mesmos poemas com o objetivo de reproduzir os aspectos métricos e rítmicos identificados durante o estudo. Trata-se, portanto, de uma abordagem que privilegia não o sentido, como se faz de costume no âmbito acadêmico, mas, sim, alguns elementos formais bem específicos (o metro e o ritmo), os quais são caros ao tema central da tese que defendemos: a da unidade rítmica nos epinícios aqui estudados. / This work is comprised of a metrical and rhythmical study of Pindar\'s Pythian Odes, as well as a translation of said poems with a view to reproduce the metrical and rhythmical aspects that were identified during the study. Hence, this approach focuses not on the meaning of the poems, as it is usually done in the academy, but on specific formal elements (meter and rhythm) that are dear to this thesis\' central theme: the rhythmic unity of these victory odes.