Depuis plusieurs années, la procédure de data-room s'est imposée auprès des professionnels de l'investissement comme le mode privilégié de vente d'immeuble leur permettant d'organiser efficacement la rotation de leur patrimoine. Juridiquement, cette procédure se déroule en deux phases. La première, précontractuelle, imposera aux candidats-acquéreurs, de déterminer la valeur de l'immeuble suite à un audit de chacune de ses composantes (juridique, financière, environnementale, technique, fiscale), puis de formuler à une date convenue entre les parties une offre ferme d'achat. La seconde, contractuelle, permettra au candidat-acquéreur retenu par le vendeur de finaliser, par la rédaction d'une promesse puis de l'acte authentique, les conditions de réalisation de la vente.Le recours à une telle procédure n'est pas exempt de risques. D'une part, dans le silence de la loi, elle n'est soumise à aucun régime spécifique et relève donc du droit commun de la responsabilité civile (délictuelle et contractuelle) et plus exceptionnellement de la responsabilité pénale. D'autre part le foisonnement de normes juridiques que doivent maîtriser les candidats-acquéreurs lors de la valorisation de l'immeuble peut induire un risque d'erreur dont la conséquence économique est une surévaluation du prix d'acquisition.Pour parvenir à maîtriser ce double niveau de risque que nous qualifierons de juridique et d'opérationnel, il a fallu dans un premier temps déterminer le régime de responsabilité dont relève cette procédure et ce à chacune de ces phases, puis dans un second temps analyser le déroulement de la phase d'audit en vue de proposer un modèle le plus exhaustif possible. / Regarding the legal aspect, the data room procedure is divided into two phases. The first one, a pre-contractual phase, will oblige the bidders to determine the value of the property following a due diligence process of each of its components (legal, financial, tax …), and then to provide a binding offer at an agreed date. The second phase, the contractual one, will allow the bidder selected by the seller to finalize, by the drafting of a call option and a deed, the conditions of completion of the sale.The use of such a procedure is not without risks. On the one hand, since no specific law is applicable, such procedure is not subject to a specific regime and therefore falls under the common law of civil liability (tort and contract) and exceptionally criminal liability. On the other hand, the abundance of legal standards that must be respected by the bidders when valorizing the property may lead to a risk of mistake. The economic impact of such risk is an overvaluation of the purchase price.In order to deal with this double level of risks that are considered as legal and operational risks, the liability regime governing such procedure had to be, in the first place, determined and thus for each phase, and, in second place, the due diligence process had to be analyzed in order to establish a most exhaustive template as possible .

Abstract not available

Bakgrund Yrket som operationssjuksköterska är idag den äldsta sjuksköterskespecialiteten men förblir främst en dold yrkesroll på grund av att det utövas bakom stängda dörrar. Yrkesrollen skildrades som komplex och kretsade omkring patienten, samarbetet och den tekniska utrustningen Patricia Benners teorier om sjuksköterskans yrkesutveckling användes som teoretisk förankring i studien. Syfte Studiens syfte var att belysa hur operationssjuksköterskan upplever sin yrkesroll. Metod Studien genomfördes med en kvalitativ ansats och tio semistrukturerade intervjuer utfördes med operationssjuksköterskor från två sjukhus i Sverige under våren 2011. Alla intervjuer spelades in och transkriberades ordagrant. Insamlat data analyserades med kvalitativ innehållsanalys. Resultat I textanalysen identifierades tolv subkategorier och fyra kategorier; rollen som omvårdnadsansvarig, upplevelsen av vad som gör operationssjuksköterskan trygg i sin yrkesroll, betydelsen av att vara medarbetare i arbetet på operationssalen och synen på den egna professionen. Operationssjuksköterskorna beskrev sitt arbete som patientfokuserat och möjligheten att hjälpa medförde känslan av att göra skillnad. Erfarenhet och uppskattning gav ett självförtroende som resulterade i att operationssjuksköterskorna blev trygga i sin yrkesroll. Operationssjuksköterskorna beskrev kommunikation på salen som essentiellt för ett fungerande samarbete och menade att de anpassade sig efter sina medarbetare. Operationssjuksköterskorna upplevde sin yrkesroll både som osynlig och utvecklande. Citat från informanterna presenterades i texten för att tydliggöra resultatet.  Slutsats Studien visade att operationssjuksköterskorna har en central roll för omvårdnaden på operationsavdelningen och för patienten. Operationssjuksköterskans närvaro och kompetens vid operationer var oersättlig men ständigt beroende av teamet omkring sig. / Background The profession of operating room nurse is now the oldest nursing specialty, but remains primarily a hidden profession because it is exercised behind closed doors. The professional role were described as complex and revolved around the patient, cooperation and the technical equipment. Patricia Benners theories on the nurses’ professional development were used as a theoretical basis in the study. Aim The study aimed to elucidate how the operating room nurse perceives the professional role. Method The study was conducted with a qualitative approach and ten semi-structured interviews were carried out with operating room nurses from two hospitals in Sweden in spring 2011. All interviews were recorded and transcribed verbatim. To analyze the collected data content analysis with an inductive approach was used. Result In the text analysis twelve subcategories and four categories were identified: the role as being responsible of nursing, the experience of what makes the operating room nurse safe in the professional role, the meaning of being a co-worker during the work on the operating room and the view on the own profession Quotes from the informants were presented in the text to clarify the result. Conclusion The study showed that the operating room nurse has a central role for nursing in the surgical ward and the patient. The operating room nurse presence and expertise in operations was irreplaceable, but always dependent of the team around him/her.

People¡¦s individual personality and aesthetics tastes regarding living milieu can be examined and understood through their preferences on designs of living-room furnishing. The current research investigated college students¡¦ needs and cognition about living-room furnishing, sifted out various factors for living-room functionality demands, and understood cluster analysis among the groups derived from the factors. Additionally, the current study analyzed the relationships between functionality demands and furnishings of living-room, as well as the cognition situation of the students in the different groups regarding designs of living room. Forty-five (45) students of the National Sun Yat-San University were recruited as participants in the quasi-experiment for similarity of living room designs. In addition, one hundred and fifty (150) were collected for the questionnaire of living room needs and preferences. The methods for the data analysis in the current research included factor analysis, cluster analysis, MDS, and association and preference analysis. The major findings are listed as the followings. 1. The people¡¦s needs of living room functionality have three factors: family gathering, aesthetic taste, and sociableness. 2. The higher education level, the more demanding on the functions of ¡§family gathering and aesthetic taste¡¨. The higher monthly living budget, the more inclining for the function of ¡§sociableness¡¨. 3. Each group has different cognition dimensions and preference patterns about living designs.

Unintentional harm due to healthcare is common, especially in the operating theatre. Previous research, aiming to reduce harm to patients in the operating theatre, has not examined the non-technical skills of anaesthetic assistants. The aim of this project was to identify the essential non-technical skills required by anaesthetic assistants for safe and effective practice, and to develop a behavioural marking system to assess these skills. A literature review identified three articles which described anaesthetic assistants' non-technical skills. An interview study with anaesthetic assistants (n=22) and anaesthetists (n=23) described the use of situation awareness, teamwork and task management more commonly than leadership or decision making. This was corroborated by a critical incident database review of the Australian Incident Monitoring System from 2002 to 2008. The material identified in the interview study was considered by focus groups of anaesthetic assistants (n=6,7,3,4) to generate headings. These themes were considered by anaesthetic assistant lecturers (n=6) in a Delphi questionnaire, and positive and negative behavioural markers proposed. The Anaesthetic Non-Technical Skills for Anaesthetic Practitioners (ANTS-AP) behavioural marker system was completed by a research panel. The prototype ANTS-AP system had three categories: 'situation awareness', 'communication and teamwork', and 'task management', each with three elements. The reliability, validity and usability of the ANTS-AP system were evaluated by anaesthetic assistants (n=48) observing videos of simulated theatre work at a 3.5 hour workshop. The system had good internal consistency, and was able to discriminate good, average and poor behaviours. The element 'coping with pressure' was removed due to its poor inter-rater reliability. Future work will assess the inter-rater reliability of the ANTS-AP system, when observers have the opportunity for calibration. This project has provided anaesthetic assistants a means of structuring observation and feedback for training and reflection with the goal of improving patient care.

With the a steadily increasing number of digital devices, our environments are becoming increasingly smarter: we can now use our tablets to control our TV, access our recipe database while cooking, and remotely turn lights on and off. Currently, this Human-Environment Interaction (HEI) is limited to in-place interfaces, where people have to walk up to a mounted set of switches and buttons, and navigation-based interaction, where people have to navigate on-screen menus, for example on a smart-phone, tablet, or TV screen. Unfortunately, there are numerous scenarios in which neither of these two interaction paradigms provide fast and convenient access to digital artifacts and system commands. People, for example, might not want to touch an interaction device because their hands are dirty from cooking: they want device-free interaction. Or people might not want to have to look at a screen because it would interrupt their current task: they want system-feedback-free interaction. Currently, there is no interaction paradigm for smart environments that allows people for these kinds of interactions. In my dissertation, I introduce Room-based Interaction to solve this problem of HEI. With room-based interaction, people associate digital artifacts and system commands with real-world objects in the environment and point toward these real-world proxy objects for selecting the associated digital artifact. The design of room-based interaction is informed by a theoretical analysis of navigation- and pointing-based selection techniques, where I investigated the cognitive systems involved in executing a selection. An evaluation of room-based interaction in three user studies and a comparison with existing HEI techniques revealed that room-based interaction solves many shortcomings of existing HEI techniques: the use of real-world proxy objects makes it easy for people to learn the interaction technique and to perform accurate pointing gestures, and it allows for system-feedback-free interaction; the use of the environment as flat input space makes selections fast; the use of mid-air full-arm pointing gestures allows for device-free interaction and increases awareness of other’s interactions with the environment. Overall, I present an alternative selection paradigm for smart environments that is superior to existing techniques in many common HEI-scenarios. This new paradigm can make HEI more user-friendly, broaden the use cases of smart environments, and increase their acceptance for the average user.

Master of Science / Department of Architectural Engineering and Construction Science / Julia A. Keen / Throughout recent years, to minimize the cost of construction, a large number of multipurpose spaces have been built using lightweight, less expensive materials without considering or designing for noise control to mitigate any sound that is loud, unpleasant, unexpected, or undesired yet after construction is completed, noise issues are often evident within the space and, if severe enough, may render the intended function of the structure useless. To address this problem, this report is intended to introduce Owners and Facility Managers to some of the common solutions to resolve noise issues in multipurpose rooms. The report focuses on solutions for existing projects primarily, but it is also sensitive to budget constraints and the impact of renovation. Typical multipurpose rooms researched have a volume of 50,000-150,000 cubic feet and are expected to be used for speech activities, small music functions, and some physical sports activities. Therefore, this report will introduce the fundamentals of sound and room acoustics including interior surface materials and construction. Also included are typical noise issues from interior sources, solutions that can be taken within the building to attenuate noise, and the trade-offs associated with each solution.

This study examines the Single Room Occupancy Housing (SRO) stock of the City of Toronto and of the City of Vancouver. The term SROs refers to residential hotels and rooming houses. Rooming houses located in converted single family dwellings constitute the primary SRO form of Toronto. Residential hotels constitute the primary SRO form in Vancouver. This study examines the historical evolution of the SRO stock, the characteristics of the units, the socioeconomic characteristics of the residents, and the provincial and municipal policy relating to the SRO stock. SROs were the first form of accommodation for many immigrants and transient male workers. SRO units in rooming houses also housed couples and families during the first decades of the 1900's in both Toronto and Vancouver. A dire shortage of affordable rental housing forced families to live in overcrowded conditions in single rooms. SROs today house primarily two three of population. Those who live in single rooms permanently, those who live in single rooms because they cannot afford to rent an apartment, and those who live in single rooms temporarily. Contrary to what has been commonly assumed, residents of SROs are not transient. SRO residents, although they might move frequently, they do so because they continually face displacement. Evictions are common because of real estate market pressures. Many SRO units are being converted to other residential uses or demolished. The main group of SRO residents still consists of single older men, however, the percentage of women and of young men has increased among the SRO residents in recent years, especially in the case of the rooming houses of Toronto. The majority of SRO residents live on incomes which are well below of the poverty line (approximately, 50% of the poverty line). These residents pay 50% to 75% of their income on housing. SRO housing is an important component of the rental housing market of Vancouver and Toronto. SROs constitute the last housing resort before homelessness. However, with the exception of SRO units in social housing projects, SROs existing today in Toronto and Vancouver do not constitute an adequate form of accommodation. In most cases, the physical condition of the units is substandard and the rents are still very high for the average SRO resident. In Vancouver, SRO units are not fully recognized as part of the rental housing stock because they are not protected by provincial landlord and tenant regulation. The continued availability of SRO accommodation looks more optimistic in Ontario than it does in British Columbia. The main focuss of the housing policy of Ontario and Toronto towards the SRO stock has been to rehabilitate, to improve and to expand the SRO stock. In addition, Ontario has recently drafted legislation which protects the rental housing stock from demolition and conversion and it has extended security of tenure rights to the residents of rooming houses. On the other hand, the main thrust of the housing policy of the province of British Columbia and of the City of Vancouver towards the SRO stock has been to relocate SRO tenants in social housing units / Applied Science, Faculty of / Community and Regional Planning (SCARP), School of / Graduate

The purpose of this study is to analyze the home room as a factor in the guidance program of the small high school.

The problem under consideration is to determine the difference between home-room and departmental methods of teaching second grades, as measured by educational achievement. The study attempts to answer the question, Which one of the foregoing mentioned methods will produce the greatest gain in achievement when applied at second-grade level?