Diss. Linköping : Univ.

A Study on Professional Role of the Clinic Pharmacist in Taiwan Abstract To lower the cost and enhance the quality of medical service, the Government implemented the National Health Insurance in 1995, and the system of Separation of Medicine and Pharmacy in 1997. However, the separation caused both sides of doctor and pharmacist to ignite a vigorous battle in striving and competing for dispensing right. Thus made the government to adopt a regionalized and phased parallel system to execute the separation . In other words, local medical doctors can either hire pharmacists to fill the prescriptions in the clinics or hand the prescriptions to patients and have the prescriptions filled in drugstores. This study chose quantitative method to explore the role of clinic pharmacist, and to further explore the relation between the separation of the two services and the professional role of pharmacists. Questionnaires were distributed to all clinic doctors and pharmacists in the city of Kaohsiung, the results were collected as the resource of important evidentiary data. Through Gap Analysis¡Bt test¡BMultivariate Analysis of Variance¡Band Pearson Correlation, we¡¦ve come to the following findings: there is indeed a gap between doctors and pharmacists regarding the understanding and recognition toward the professional role of pharmacist, especially to the ability in providing medication consultation demonstrated by pharmacist; contrary opinions were held by the two sides regarding the separation of the two services, the position of clinic pharmacists, as well as the importance of and support to patients¡¦ right in knowing the medication they are taking, physicians even consider the hiring of pharmacists is only for fulfilling the requirement of the National Health Insurance System; the recognition between doctors and pharmacists to pharmacist¡¦s professional role (patients medicating instruction, ability in providing medication consultation, and double-checking of physician¡¦s prescription) is actually related in proportion with their attitudes toward the separation of Medicine and Pharmacy ,and the position of clinic pharmacists. It is hoped that the conclusion of this study is helpful in improving the understanding between physicians and pharmacists, thus alleviate the long-term conflict in the issue, enhance mutual respect to professional right, point out a crisp direction for the Government to follow when designing and promoting the system of the Separation of Medicine and Pharmacy. Key words: Separation of Medicine and Pharmacy, Clinic Pharmacist Professional Role

Our aim with this essay is to examine the challenges that recreation teachers faces at their workplaces. We especially focus which cause difficulties for the implementation of recreation teacher’s assignments. We hope to highlight the difficulties and factors which act as a barrier to recreation teachers. The questions that we are trying to answer are: what perceptions in their daily work recreation teachers shave of their mission? What challenges do recreation teachers experience in the implementation of their mission? What solutions and aids do recreation teachers use to meet these challenges? We will use a qualitative method in our essay. Data collection includes interviews with four recreation teachers in three different schools. The empirical material will be analyzed and interpreted from a socio- cultural perspective and by means of other research in this area. The result shows that recreation teachers are experiencing challenges but are trying to carry out their mission through a variety of methods in order to provide children with basic care.

This bachelor thesis, which is also the result of a Minor Field Studies scholarship, examines journalists’ situation in Cuba. The aim is to see the working conditions of the journalists by listening to how they themselves perceive their professional role, what their professional values are and what they see as opportunities and obstacles in their work. A major reason for undertaking this research is the theoretical perspective that emphasizes the importance of journalism studies in developing countries. The results are based mainly on fourteen qualitative interviews with Cuban journalists. By comparing the results with earlier studies including development journalism and studies about digital media in Cuba the study shows that Cuban journalists’ main duty is to defend the Communist Party. Many of the interviewed journalists experience self-censorship as a problem and blame it on Cuba's lack of a press law. Even if journalist salaries are extremely low, just like salaries of other professions in the state, the journalists highlight many positive aspects of their job. The education is free and some of the interviewees have opportunities to travel both within and outside the country because of their job. Cuban journalists are well educated, normally have a great passion for their profession and often have a strong desire to improve their work. The technological development in Cuba is slow but changes the conditions for the journalistic work and will continue to have a great influence on Cuban society.

No description available.

<p>The district nurses' duties with all organisational changes, above all during the last 20 years, have been changed. Economy and listing governs which visits that to be prioritized. The aim with this study was to examine what district nurses in the primary care in Uppsala län has for view about their occupational role. The method was qualitative and the selection comprized ten district nurses in Uppsala län that were interviewed individually on the basis of a semi structured interview guide that the authors the actual created. In the wide analysis of the results could a theme, <em>As a rubber screw in a shrinking hole</em> and three central categories be discerned, <em>Occupational role</em>, <em>Diversity</em> and <em>Organisation. </em>The district nurses enjoy with work and their choice of profession despite higher demand, stress and low staffing. They experience that the profession role have become unclear and others professions has poor knowledge about which competence they hold. They have an interest of working preventive and a holistic view when thinking about nursing care among children and adults. The feeling of not be needed as a profession, not to become seen with the competence that they possesses, is experienced very frustrating and the obvious role the district nurse earlier had in the primary health care and society seem to fade increasingly. The district nurses description of their profession role can compared as a rubber screw which reflects the flexibility but also the resistance against increasingly healthcare. The shrinking hole symbolize the majority organization changes as forced the district nurses to priority other duties than public health work and a decreased sphere of activity. <em> </em></p>

No description available.

Syftet med studien var att belysa hur studie- och yrkesvägledare beskriver tjänsteomfattningens inverkan på yrkesrollen. Den metod som användes var kvalitativ och sammanlagt genomfördes fem intervjuer. En studie- och yrkesvägledarutbildare med lång erfarenhet av både yrket och utbildningen intervjuades för att ge ett övergripande perspektiv på studie- och yrkesvägledares yrkesroll och dess problematik. För att få mer specifika kunskaper kring studie- och yrkesvägledares uppfattning om tjänsteomfattning intervjuades fyra studie- och yrkesvägledare från Samlad vägledning i Uppsala kommun. Resultatet visar att vägledarna i undersökningen anser att deras uppdrag som vägledare är att hjälpa eleverna att hitta sig själva och hjälpa dem att finna en utbildning som passar deras behov. Samtliga vägledare, oavsett om de hade en stor tjänst eller en liten tjänst, önskade att de hade möjlighet att utföra mer i sitt arbete. Avslutningsvis drogs slutsatsen att vägledarna har samma syn på vad yrkesrollen innebär och vad som är det huvudsakliga uppdraget. Vad de däremot har möjlighet att utföra i sitt arbete skiftar beroende på tjänstens omfattning. / This study’s aim was to investigate how career counsellors describe the work conditions affect of their professional role. The method used in the study was qualitative and in total five respondents were interviewed. To get an overview of career counsellors’ professional role and its complexity an educator with long experience of career counselling was interviewed.  In addition four career counsellors from an organisation in Uppsala called Samlad vägledning shared their thoughts of the professional role and experiences of their work conditions. The results show that the career counsellors’ found the aim of their work is to help pupils find themselves, their interests and their goals and to help them find an education which fulfil their dreams. All career counsellors in this study wished they had the opportunity to accomplish more in their work than they do under their current work conditions.   Finally the conclusions show that all the respondents share the same view of the aim of career counsellors’ work. However what the career counsellors in fact are able to do in their professional role depend on their work conditions.

SAMMANFATTNING BAKGRUND: I och med Ädelreformen flyttades vården av äldre till kommunen och sjuksköterskor började arbeta inom den kommunala äldreomsorgen. Arbetet saknar tydliga riktlinjer och rutiner. Det innebär ett stort ansvar för sina arbetsuppgifter samt patientansvar. Vid konsultarbete ansvarar sjuksköterskan för ett stort antal människor och förmåga att prioritera och snabbt göra bedömningar av arbetsuppgifter och sjukdomstillstånd krävs. SYFTE: Syftet med studien var att utifrån sjuksköterskors berättelser beskriva deras upplevelser av sitt arbete inom den kommunala äldreomsorgen. METOD: Det är en deskriptiv studie. Information samlades in genom semi-strukturerade fokusgruppsintervjuer. Totalt tio sjuksköterskor deltog uppdelade på intervjugrupper. Det insamlade materialet bearbetades sedan genom tematisk kvalitativ innehållsanalys. RESULTAT: Resultatet visar att sjuksköterskorna upplever ett stort ansvar för sina bedömningar och arbetsuppgifter. De upplever att de inte har några tydliga riktlinjer för sin specifika funktion i kommunen vilket innebär att de ofta får ansvar för uppgifter som inte är deras. Det ökade administrativa arbetet leder till minskad tid för patienter och omvårdnadsarbete vilket leder till frustration och en känsla av otillräcklighet. SLUTSATS: Sjuksköterskans funktion i kommunen behöver preciseras så att hon kan minska sina administrativa uppgifter och få mer tid till patienter och omvårdnadsarbete. Även teamarbetet behöver utvecklas för att stärka yrkeskategorierna och göra riktlinjerna tydligare. Nyckelord: registered nurse, eldercare, residential homes, professional role, focus group

The district nurses' duties with all organisational changes, above all during the last 20 years, have been changed. Economy and listing governs which visits that to be prioritized. The aim with this study was to examine what district nurses in the primary care in Uppsala län has for view about their occupational role. The method was qualitative and the selection comprized ten district nurses in Uppsala län that were interviewed individually on the basis of a semi structured interview guide that the authors the actual created. In the wide analysis of the results could a theme, As a rubber screw in a shrinking hole and three central categories be discerned, Occupational role, Diversity and Organisation. The district nurses enjoy with work and their choice of profession despite higher demand, stress and low staffing. They experience that the profession role have become unclear and others professions has poor knowledge about which competence they hold. They have an interest of working preventive and a holistic view when thinking about nursing care among children and adults. The feeling of not be needed as a profession, not to become seen with the competence that they possesses, is experienced very frustrating and the obvious role the district nurse earlier had in the primary health care and society seem to fade increasingly. The district nurses description of their profession role can compared as a rubber screw which reflects the flexibility but also the resistance against increasingly healthcare. The shrinking hole symbolize the majority organization changes as forced the district nurses to priority other duties than public health work and a decreased sphere of activity.