Detta examensarbete utforskade utvecklingen av avancerade maskininlärningsmodeller föratt förbättra autonoma transportsystem. Genom att fokusera på identifiering och klassificering av trafikljussignaler, bidrog arbetet till säkerheten och effektiviteten hos självkörandefordon. En granskning av modeller som Single Shot MultiBox Detector (SSD), som objektdetekteringsmodell, InceptionV3 och VGG16, som klassificeringsmodeller, genomfördes,med särskild vikt på deras träning och testningsprocesser.Resultaten, med avseende på valideringsnoggrannhet ’accuracy’ och valideringsförlust(loss), visade att InceptionV3-modellen presterade väl över olika parametrar. Denna modellvisade sig vara robust och anpassningsbar, vilket gjorde den till ett bra val för projektets målom noggrann och pålitlig klassificering av trafikljussignaler.Å andra sidan visade VGG16-modellen varierande resultat. Medan den presterade väl undervissa förutsättningar, visade den sig vara mindre robust vid vissa parametrarinställningar,speciellt vid högre batch-storlekar, vilket ledde till lägre valideringsnoggrannhet och högrevalideringsförlust. / This thesis explored the development of advanced machine learning models to improve autonomous transportation systems. By focusing on the identification and classification of traffic light signals, the work contributes to the safety and efficiency of self-driving vehicles. Areview of models such as the Single Shot MultiBox Detector (SSD), as an object detectionmodel, and InceptionV3 and VGG16, as classification models, was conducted, with particular emphasis on their training and testing processes.The results, in terms of validation accuracy and validation loss, showed that the InceptionV3model performed well across various parameters. This model proved to be robust and adaptable, making it a good choice for the project's goal of accurate and reliable classification oftraffic light signals.On the other hand, the VGG16 model showed varying results. While it performed well undercertain conditions, it proved to be less robust at certain parameter settings, especially at higherbatch sizes, which led to lower validation accuracy and higher validation loss.

The 2019 novel coronavirus has been proven to present several unique features on chest X-rays and CT-scans that distinguish it from imaging of other pulmonary diseases such as bacterial pneumonia and viral pneumonia unrelated to COVID-19. However, the key characteristics of a COVID-19 infection have been proven challenging to detect with the human eye. The aim of this project is to explore if it is possible to distinguish a patient with COVID-19 from a patient who is not suffering from the disease from posteroanterior chest X-ray images using synthetic minority over-sampling and transfer learning. Furthermore, the report will also present the mechanics of COVID-19, the used dataset and models and the validity of the results.

Under de senaste året har modeller för djupinlärning använts inom nästa alla områden, från industri till akademi, särskilt för bildklassifikation. Dessa modeller är dock enorma i storlek, med miljontals parametrar, vilket gör det svårt att distribuera till mindre enheter med begränsade resurser såsom mobiltelefoner. Denna studie tar upp små modeller av faltningsnätverk som är toppmoderna inom djupinlärning och vars storlek är lämplig för mobilapplikation. Syftet med denna studie är att utvärdera prestanda på faltningsnätverken Xception, InceptionV3 och MobilNetV2 för att underlätta vid valbeslut av faltningsnätverk som bas vid utveckling av mobila applikation inom bildklassificering. För att uppnå syftet har dessa faltningsnätverk implementeras med hjälp av överföringsinlärning metod samt utformas för att skilja på bilder av nätpaneler från företaget Troax. Studien tar upp metoden som möjliggör att överföra kunskap från befintliga förtränade modeller till nya modeller. Studien förklarar även hur träningsprocessen och testprocessen gick till samt analys kring resultatet.   Resultat visade att Xception hade 86 % noggrannhet med en processtid på 10 minuter på 2000 träningsbilder och 1000st testbilder. Xceptions prestation var bäst bland alla dessa modeller. Skillnaden mellan Xception och Inception var på 10 % noggrannhet och 2 minuter processtid. Mellan Xception och MobilNetV2 var skillnaden på 23 % noggrannhet och 3 minuter processtid. Experimentet visade att dessa modeller presterade mindre bra vid mindre träningsbilder under 800st. Över 800st bilder började respektive modell att utföra prediktering över 70 % noggrannhet. / In recent years, deep learning models have been used in almost all areas, from industry to academia, specifically for image classification. However, these models are huge in size, with millions of parameters, making it difficult to distribute to smaller devices with limited resources such as mobile phones. This study addresses lightweight pre-trained models of convolutional neural networks which is state of art in deep learning and their size is suitable as a base model for mobile application development. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the performance of Xception, InceptionV3 and MobilNetV2 in order to facilitate selection decisions of a lightweight convolutional networks as base for the development of mobile applications in image classification. In order to achieve their purpose, these models have been implemented using the Transfer Learning method and are designed to distinguish images on mesh panels from the company Troax. The study takes up the method that allows transfer of knowledge from an existing model to a new model, explain how the training process and the test process went, as well as analysis of results. Results showed that Xception had 86% accuracy and had 10 minutes processing time on 2000 training images and 1000 test images. Exception’s performance was the best among all these models. The difference between Xception and InceptionV3 was 10% accuracy and 2 minutes process time. Between Xception and MobilNetV2 there was a difference of 23% in accuracy and 3 minutes in process time. Experiments showed that these models performed less well with smaller training images below 800 images. Over 800 images, each model began to perform prediction over 70% accuracy.

This thesis deals with designing an automatic generator of deep neural networks for image classification. Theoretical part clarifies what a neural network and formal neuron are. Furthermore, the types of neural network architectures are presented. The focus of this thesis is convolutional neural networks, several pieces of research from this field are mentioned. The practical part of this thesis describes information with regards to the implementation of neural network generator, possible frameworks and programming languages for such implementation. Brief description of the implementation itself is presented as well as implemented layers. Generated neural networks are tested on Google-Landmarks dataset and results are commented upon.