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Democracy and equity redistributive policy-making in Brazil's new republic /Weyland, Kurt Gerhard. January 1991 (has links)
Thesis (Ph. D.)--Stanford University. / Includes bibliographical references (p. 711-762).
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Restructuring the Brazilian economy, 1979-85 a "quasi-Australian model" /Binkert, Gregor H. January 1992 (has links)
Thesis (Ph. D.)--Stanford University, 1992. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 226-242).
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Mobilidade brasileira a partir de estratos de renda : (1981 a 2004) / Brazilian social mobility among income brackets : (1981-2004)Remy, Maria Alice Pestana de Aguiar 11 August 2007 (has links)
Orientador: Waldir Jose de Quadros / Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Economia / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-10T07:40:04Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1
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Previous issue date: 2007 / Resumo: Esta dissertação analisa a evolução da mobilidade da sociedade brasileira entre cinco estratos de renda, com base na alocação de todos os membros da família na faixa de renda de sua maior remuneração individual, durante o período 1981-2004. O pressuposto teórico consiste na crença de que a posição social das famílias está diretamente relacionada à inserção na sociedade de seu integrante de melhor remuneração. Os dados utilizados são os das Pesquisas Nacionais por Amostra de Domicílios (PNADs) a partir de 1981, coletados anualmente pelo IBGE, salvo para os anos em que inexistiu a pesquisa. Os principais resultados apontam para uma redução dos espaços sociais ou para o encolhimento da proporção de pessoas nos três estratos superiores de renda e ampliação dos
dois estratos da base da pirâmide, numa trajetória descendente de famílias, ainda com baixo nível de rendimento individual. As famílias com crianças tiveram os piores desempenhos e a comparação entre as trajetórias de pessoas até a pré-adolescência registraram o pior desempenho durante o período 2000-2004. Por outro lado, também é possível constatar que o movimento de melhoria de renda ocorrido logo após aos dois maiores planos econômicos (Cruzado e Real) perderam o vigor ao longo do tempo / Abstract: This dissertation analyzes the evolution of Brazilian society mobility among five income brackets. It is based on the allocation of all family members with their highest individual earnings within their income bracket during the period of 1981 through 2004. The theoretical assumption builds its foundation on the fact that the family social status is directly related to the induction in society of the highest paying family member. The data is used from Pesquisas Nacionais por Amostra a Domicilio (PNADs) from 1981 on, collected annually by IBGE, except for the years in which the research was not performed. The main results point out to a reduction of social strata or proportionate shrinking of individuals on the top three income brackets and expansion of the bottom two of the
pyramid, following a downward trajectory of families still with low individual earnings. Families with children had the worst performance and the comparison amongst individuals up to pre-adolescence amassed to the worst performance during the period of 2000-2004.
On the other hand, it is possible to demonstrate that the upswing income improvement that took place immediately after the two economic plans (Cruzado and Real) lost momentum over time / Mestrado / Economia Social e do Trabalho / Mestre em Desenvolvimento Econômico
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Desigualdade e polarização da distribuição de renda no Brasil e no estado de São Paulo, 1992-2007 / Inequality and polarization of income distribution in Brazil and São Paulo state, 1992-2007Lopes, Erika de Souza 07 March 2009 (has links)
Orientador: Rodolfo Hoffmann / Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Economia / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-14T02:34:19Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1
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Previous issue date: 2009 / Resumo: Essa dissertação analisa a desigualdade e a polarização da distribuição da renda domiciliar per capita e da renda das pessoas ocupadas no Brasil e no estado de São Paulo, no período 1992-2007, utilizando os dados da Pesquisa Nacional por Amostra de Domicílios. Inicialmente são expostas as maneiras de medir a desigualdade e a polarização da renda, ressaltando a distinção entre esses dois conceitos. Contrariando a disseminada idéia do "desaparecimento da classe média", os resultados obtidos não permitem constatar aumento da polarização nas distribuições de renda analisadas. Verifica-se que, da mesma maneira que a desigualdade, a polarização da renda mostra tendência decrescente, principalmente quando são analisados somente os anos 2000 / Abstract: This dissertation analyses the inequality and the polarization of the distribution of per capita household income and of the distribution of earnings of occupied persons in Brazil and in the state of São Paulo, from 1992 to 2007, using annual data from the Brazilian National Household Sample Survey. Measures of inequality and polarization are presented, making clear the distinction between these concepts. Contradicting the idea of a "shrinking middle class", the results do not indicate an increase in the polarization of the income distributions analyzed. It is observed that the degree of polarization, as well as the level of inequality, shows a decreasing trend, especially after 2000 / Mestrado / Economia Social e do Trabalho / Mestre em Desenvolvimento Econômico
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Da renda mínima à renda básica de cidadania / From minimun income to basic incomeCardoso, Fabio Luiz Lopes, 1987- 23 August 2018 (has links)
Orientador: Josué Pereira da Silva / Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Filosofia e Ciências Humanas / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-23T15:14:08Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1
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Previous issue date: 2013 / Resumo: Esta dissertação trata sobre a trajetória dos programas de transferência direta de renda no Brasil, suas diferenças e especificidades. Buscou-se analisar não apenas suas alterações estruturais, mas também políticas e teóricas. Para iniciar, estabelecemos foco no senador Eduardo Matarazzo Suplicy quanto à elaboração das suas propostas, o que permite perpassar toda a trajetória nacional nessa temática em particular. O senador Eduardo Suplicy é uma figura importante no desenvolvimento da política social no país. São de sua autoria, entre outros projetos, o Programa de Renda Mínima e a Lei da Renda Básica de Cidadania, o primeiro foi apresentado em 1991 e a segunda sancionada em 2004. Ambos versam sobre a mesma área de atuação, sendo a Renda Mínima base para a promoção de políticas públicas nos anos 90 e a Renda Básica que, aprovada de forma pioneira, colocou o Brasil na vanguarda dessas políticas em âmbito mundial. A implantação e impacto desta última ainda é uma incógnita, mas o desenvolvimento da primeira culminou nos principais programas hoje em vigência. Deste modo, estudar a atuação de Suplicy na luta pela efetivação de suas propostas e os fatores que o levaram a substituir uma pela outra, aprofundando suas respectivas origens e desenhos, significa mergulhar nos meandros desta temática demonstrando as diferenças de concepções entre os programas / Abstract: This dissertation deals with the history of the programs of direct income transfer in Brazil, including its differences and specificities. In this work was analyzed not only their structural changes, but also their political and theoretical changes. At the beginning, it is focused on Senator Eduardo Matarazzo Suplicy and in the formulation of their proposals, which allowed to follow the entire national history of this particular issue. Senator Eduardo Suplicy is a major figure in the development of social policy in Brazil. The Minimum Income Program and the Law of Citizen's Basic Income are of his own, among other projects. The first was presented in 1991 and the second sanctioned in 2004. Both deal with the same area, wherein the Minimum Income represented the basis of the promotion of public policies in the 90s and the Basic Income, that was approved in a pioneering way, putting Brazil at the global forefront of these policies. The implementation and impact of the latter is still unknown, but the development of the first yielded the programs in operation today. Thus, the study of the Suplicy's acts struggling for the achievement of his proposals and the factors that led to the substitution of one proposal for the other, deepening their origin and designs, means diving into the intricacies of this issue to demonstrate the differences between the concepts of the programs / Mestrado / Sociologia / Mestre em Sociologia
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Democratization, Political Performance, and Income Distribution in Argentina and BrazilStowell, Nicholas Paul 03 August 2016 (has links)
This research examines the effects of democratization and political performance on the functional distribution of income in Argentina and Brazil from the end of their authoritarian periods to the present. The existing literature tends to focus on the impacts of democratization and political performance on the economic growth of the country as a whole or on changes to per capita income. This analysis focuses on the equality of economic development in less developed countries because growth is not necessarily distributed equally and poverty and inequality are both endemic to many less developed countries and also negatively impact development as a whole as well as the consolidation of democracy. To examine the effects of democratization and political performance on the shape of economic development, this thesis utilizes the Polity IV index as a measure of democracy, Relative Political Extraction as a proxy for political performance, and labor's share of national income as a measure of income inequality.
Theoretically, a more democratic regime should enact policies that allow for a more equitable distribution of income because democratization increases popular representation and makes the provision of public goods preferable to the provision of private goods. Similarly, a regime with higher political capacity should be better equipped to enact whatever policies and development strategies it chooses, thereby reducing income inequality if the regime deems equitable development a priority.
The main finding of this research is that political performance has had a significant impact on the shape of economic development in Argentina and Brazil, whereas the effect of democratization on the shape of development is less clear. A stronger, more effectively performing government will be better able to deliver equitable development regardless of its level of democracy than will a poorly performing government of any type.
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