Thesis (doctoral)--Universität Greifswald.

Thesis (doctoral)--Universität Freiburg in der Schweiz, 1934. / Includes bibliographical references (p. v-vii).

Bamberg, Universität, Thesis (doctoral), 2001. / "DUV Wirtschaftswissenschaft"--Prelim. leaf. Includes bibliographical references.

Urbanization in British Columbia has generally occurred by way of two processes. It has either occurred in relation to the establishment of a single enterprise community in the resource frontier, or, it has occurred in relation to the growth of established municipalities in which previously non urban areas surrounding established municipalities have become urbanized. The urbanization of previously rural areas has, in most cases, resulted in the need for basic municipal services as well as an institutional structure to administer these services and to provide a basic public decision-making structure in the community. Although in the case of single enterprise communities the Provincial Government has followed a definite policy in the implementation of an institutional structure in these communities, no definite policy has been achieved for the implementation of such a structure in what have become known as peripheral communities. These communities have been permitted to follow a number of alternate mechanisms for the provision and administration of services although incorporation under the Municipal Act or the Water Act has generally been viewed by these communities as the only viable mechanism for (i) the provision and administration of services and (ii) the implementation of a public decision making structure in the community. The investigation of one community's attempt to incorporate under both the Municipal Act and the Water Act revealed that the present incorporation process as it is presented in the Municipal Act and as it is prescribed by the Water Rights Branch is not as effective as it might be. This ineffectiveness was found to derive from two sources. The first of these sources was found to be the inflexibility of the corporate forms permitted under both the Municipal Act and the Water Act. In terms of the incorporation process as outlined in the Municipal Act it was found that the population criteria as well as obligations which are established for each municipal form deterred communities from assuming a local government structure for the reason that although communities had a sufficient population level, they were unable to financially support a local government structure of the type outlined in the Municipal Act. In terms of the incorporation process for water improvement districts a similar inflexibility was discerned although this inflexibility did not derive from the Water Act per se but, resulted from the interpretation of the Water Act by the Water Rights Branch and the Department of Municipal Affairs. These two agencies viewed water improvement districts as corporate bodies with only limited objects and powers. Consequently, communities wishing to incorporate under the Water Act for the exercise of a number of objects are deterred from assuming the status of water Improvement district. A second reason for the ineffectiveness of the incorporation process was found to be the lack of communication between the agencies entrusted with the incorporation process and the communities wishing to incorporate. It was found that this lack of communication resulted in (i) the failure of the agencies to perceive the institutional needs of these communities and (ii) the failure of communities to meet standard and act according to established procedures. To remedy the deficiencies of the present incorporation process, it is proposed that the incorporation process be made a "communicative" process which entails basically a three phase process. In the first phase known as the initiation phase, the community approaches the relevant agency and makes evident its need for a local government structure. In the second phase, known as the design phase, the community and the agency engage in a process of evolving a design which would best suit the institutional needs of the community. In the third phase, known as the incorporation phase, the incorporation of the community takes place. / Applied Science, Faculty of / Community and Regional Planning (SCARP), School of / Graduate

This dissertation deals with the aspect of pre-incorporation contracts and the uneven distribution of the liability in instances where a pre-incorporation contract is not ratified by the directors, whether partially or fully, or where the company is not incorporated. The legislature went from one extreme to the next in its attempt to correct the disparity regarding who bears the liability in these transactions. Under the previous Companies Act 61 of 1973, in cases of non-incorporation of a company or non-ratification of a pre-incorporation contract, the third party bore all the risk and liability when these contracts fell through. This position was unfairly skewed in favor of the promoter and the pre-incorporation company, as they were left with the option of contracting with various persons and not having to honor their obligations when the company was indeed incorporated. This left the third party with no sustainability and assurance. Legislature shifted from a position in law where the third party bore all the liability in these instances to a position to where the promoter bears all the liability, and the company is not even considered regarding bearing some of the liability. This great disparity needs to be addressed in our law. Under the new Companies Act 71 of 2008, legislature shifted the liability onus completely onto the promoter who now is placed in the position where he would bear the full liability in these instances. This new position again does not promote equality or fairness as the third party and company now bear no responsibility. The promoter is in effect forced to bear the liability for a pre-incorporation company that has mandated him to act on their behalf, and in most cases are not related to the company itself. There needs to be a proper control mechanism and/or distribution of liability which would require a fact-based inquiry as to who is responsible for the non-incorporation of the company and/or non-ratification of the concluded contract, especially in instances where the promoter is completely independent of the company. The objective of my research is to conduct an investigation into the essence of a pre-incorporation contract, under the old and the new Companies Act, together with the essential elements thereof to find a workable solution to a variety of the problems we face in the practical aspects of the conclusion of these types of contracts. There will be a specific concentration on the liability aspects in cases of non-ratification and non-incorporation to equalize the playing field of all the relevant parties. After having ascertained the proper position under South African law, I will turn to comparative research regarding how foreign jurisdictions are addressing the problems that we face, to shape and produce a workable proposal for these instances. / Mini Dissertation (LLM (Corporate and Commercial Law))--University of Pretoria, 2021. / Mercantile Law / LLM (Corporate and Commercial Law) / Unrestricted

The main purpose of the study is to develop the course appropriate for senior high school students by incorporating life education program into Civics and Society, and apply information media materials to K12 digital platform to explore the effects of the course incorporating information into life education program on senior high school students¡¦ learning and their changes in attitudes toward life. Based on the research results, the study can provide teachers with the design of conducting life education program, the application to teaching methods, and some related constructive suggestions. A case study of action research is adopted in the study. The research subjects are from 39 female first-year students in a senior high school in Pingtung. They receive 13 units (27 periods of the course) of life education program during a semester. Two self-reported questionnaires, ¡§Life Experience¡¨ and ¡§Experience in Surfing the Internet¡¨, are used as the research instruments for the pretest of the course. In addition, the discussion over the issues, the results of the questionnaires, the learning feedback forms, and the journal of the teacher¡¦s observation are conducted and used to explore the effects of learning process of incorporating life education program into Civics and Society on students and teachers. The results of the study are generalized as follows: ¢¹. With regard to course design and implementation: 1.The integrated life education program is specifically practicable. 2.It can broaden students¡¦ horizons in learning by using Internet platform and media information. 3.It promotes students¡¦ learning motivations for the main course and leads to positive effects on stimulating students¡¦ learning achievement. ¢º. With regard to the perceptions of teachers and students: 1.The systematic course awakens students¡¦ consciousness in life values. 2.Students gradually take up positive attitudes toward life by sharing their life experiences with one another. 3.Teachers can increase their professional abilities and gain self-growth during the course design and implementation.

Failure of a primary hip arthroplasty is often caused by osteolysis which compromises the patient’s periprosthetic bone stock. Impaction allografting involves the use of morselized allograft bone and cement to stabilize the implant and restore this periprosthetic bone stock. Although clinical results of impaction allografting are favourable, regions of necrotic bone graft have been shown to exist for many years post-operatively and may ultimately lead to implant failure. Previous laboratory research has identified a correlation between mechanical stimuli and bone growth; therefore, the purpose of this study was to develop an in vivo device that would enable the investigation of the effect of mechanical load on bone graft incorporation in impacted allograft hip prostheses. An actuator was developed with a finite volume to enable its subcutaneous implantation along the tibia (20mm x 10mm x 10mm) and spine (35mm x 25mm x 15mm) in a rat bone chamber model. The actuator was designed to deliver a dynamic, (1Hz), compressive, (-6N), load that was controlled telemetrically throughout a 6-week long in vivo study. Independent validations of the mechanical actuator and the electrical control system were performed prior to an electromechanical validation of the integrated system. The responsiveness, quantity and magnitude of the load were investigated. The mechanical actuator was motor-driven and the electrical control system was based on radio frequency signal transmission. The electromechanical actuator conformed to the volumetric restrictions of the rat bone chamber model (tibia: 13mm x 17mm x 10mm; spine: 35mm x 30mm x 11mm). A wide range of operating frequencies (0.5 to 3.0 ± 0.05Hz) was achieved and a telemetrically controlled load was produced for 20 seconds per day throughout a simulated 6 week in vivo study. Due to inefficiencies of the mechanical actuator and voltage limitations of the control system, the magnitude of the compressive load produced by the actuator (-1.67 ± 0.10N) was less than specified by the design criteria. Future work to optimize the actuator design and fabrication is warranted in order to increase the maximum load magnitude; however, the current design provides a novel means to begin the investigation of the role of mechanical load on bone graft incorporation in impaction allografting.

Failure of a primary hip arthroplasty is often caused by osteolysis which compromises the patient’s periprosthetic bone stock. Impaction allografting involves the use of morselized allograft bone and cement to stabilize the implant and restore this periprosthetic bone stock. Although clinical results of impaction allografting are favourable, regions of necrotic bone graft have been shown to exist for many years post-operatively and may ultimately lead to implant failure. Previous laboratory research has identified a correlation between mechanical stimuli and bone growth; therefore, the purpose of this study was to develop an in vivo device that would enable the investigation of the effect of mechanical load on bone graft incorporation in impacted allograft hip prostheses. An actuator was developed with a finite volume to enable its subcutaneous implantation along the tibia (20mm x 10mm x 10mm) and spine (35mm x 25mm x 15mm) in a rat bone chamber model. The actuator was designed to deliver a dynamic, (1Hz), compressive, (-6N), load that was controlled telemetrically throughout a 6-week long in vivo study. Independent validations of the mechanical actuator and the electrical control system were performed prior to an electromechanical validation of the integrated system. The responsiveness, quantity and magnitude of the load were investigated. The mechanical actuator was motor-driven and the electrical control system was based on radio frequency signal transmission. The electromechanical actuator conformed to the volumetric restrictions of the rat bone chamber model (tibia: 13mm x 17mm x 10mm; spine: 35mm x 30mm x 11mm). A wide range of operating frequencies (0.5 to 3.0 ± 0.05Hz) was achieved and a telemetrically controlled load was produced for 20 seconds per day throughout a simulated 6 week in vivo study. Due to inefficiencies of the mechanical actuator and voltage limitations of the control system, the magnitude of the compressive load produced by the actuator (-1.67 ± 0.10N) was less than specified by the design criteria. Future work to optimize the actuator design and fabrication is warranted in order to increase the maximum load magnitude; however, the current design provides a novel means to begin the investigation of the role of mechanical load on bone graft incorporation in impaction allografting.

Thesis (doctoral)--Universität Breslau.

Thesis (doctoral)--Universität Rostock.