Private Military Companies (PMCs) have increased significantly since the end of the Cold War, primarily hailing from the Western countries and South Africa, and notably employed in the War on Terror. In recent years, the Russian group generically known as ‘Wagner PMC’ has been deployed in Ukraine, the Middle East and Africa. While often referred to as Russian ‘proxies’, the Wagner group has not previously been analysed through the lens of proxy theory, and academics are divided on whether PMCs may be considered proxies at all.  Russia’s intervention in the Central African Republic through Wagner provides an important case to study this new development. Employing a theoretical framework combining elements from both proxy and PMC literature, this thesis contributes to both fields by suggesting key analytical elements through which a PMC may be considered a proxy and explains how this alters the dynamics between the intervener and its proxy. Moreover, this permits a novel analysis of Russian strategies to expand its influence in Africa, suggesting that intervention through Wagner may serve as a model for interventions in other weak countries requiring security support.

Submitted by Paula Junqueira (paulamslima@gmail.com) on 2018-01-09T14:59:00Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertação_Paula_Lima_Junqueira (1).pdf: 779370 bytes, checksum: 0c3f9f02666d55b4b4099a469baf9d29 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Diego Andrade (diego.andrade@fgv.br) on 2018-01-12T12:10:29Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertação_Paula_Lima_Junqueira (1).pdf: 779370 bytes, checksum: 0c3f9f02666d55b4b4099a469baf9d29 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-01-16T11:28:22Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertação_Paula_Lima_Junqueira (1).pdf: 779370 bytes, checksum: 0c3f9f02666d55b4b4099a469baf9d29 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-12-18 / The essay is about Regulatory Law, specifically Tax Law, with important support from AdministrativeLaw. The objetive of the research is to answer to the question of which foundation of legitimacy thedecisions to intervene in the economy with taxes must own to be considered valids. The method ofresearch is bibliographic search with the intention to ground the theoretical conflict presented. Thestudy is initiated with Administrative Law to determine how the State can take decision in adetachment mode. In the second chapter, themes from Tax Law are explored to define how taxes canbe used to intervene in the economy and to induce behaviors and its requirements. The third chapter isdedicated to effectively answer the principal question of research by revealing the grounds thatdecisions of indirect intervention in the economy must have. In conclusion, the essay understands thatthe decision of using inductive taxation to intervene in the economy must be based fundamentally inprinciples, which is the nature of the rights and guarantees predicted in the Federal BrazilianConstitution of 1988. / Trata-se de trabalho relativo ao Direito da Regulação com foco em Direito Tributário e suporte relevante de noções de Direito Administrativo. O objetivo da pesquisa é responder a qual fundamento de legitimidade as decisões de intervir na economia com uso da tributação devem portar para serem consideradas válidas. O método de pesquisa utilizado foi a pesquisa bibliográfica com a intenção de fundamentar o embate teórico apresentado. O trabalho é iniciado com estudo do Direito Administrativo no que tange às decisões discricionárias e à correta identificação e aplicação dos princípios. No segundo capítulo, trata-se de temas atinentes ao Direito Tributário para definição de como tributos podem ser utilizados para intervenção na economia e para induzir comportamentos e quais requisitos devem obrigatoriamente ser observados. O terceiro capítulo se dedica à efetivamente responder à pergunta de pesquisa ao explorar quais bases que a decisão de intervir na economia de forma indireta deve portar. Por fim, em conclusão, a presente dissertação entende que a decisão de utilizar tributos indutores de comportamento para intervenção na economia deve se basear fundamentalmente nos princípios, natureza dos direitos e garantias fundamentais previstos da Constituição Federal de 1988.