Depression is uniformly identified as psychopathology by diagnostic systems such as the DSM-IV-TR and the ICD-10 and is viewed as a negatively biased perception by cognitive theories. However, a number of psychological and spiritual perspectives propose that the experience of depression may have positive outcomes for some individuals in the form of psychological growth and individuation, including theories from within the psychodynamic and humanistic traditions. These perspectives informed the formulation of the individuation theory of depression explored in this thesis. One empirically based perspective from which growth is considered as a potential outcome of depression, is that of depressive realism. This psychological stance of diminished self-deception in depressed individuals compared with non-depressed individuals is viewed as an opportunity for new levels of self-awareness and growth. The newly burgeoning field of posttraumatic growth research provides another empirical model from which the individuation theory of depression is explored in this thesis. The current research examined the relationships among depression, selfdeception and psychological growth in two studies. The first study used selfreport methodology, incorporating measures of prior and current depression, selfdeception (in the form of denial and positive illusions) and psychological growth (in the form of self-actualisation, adversarial growth and level of egodevelopment). The sample consisted of 132 women and 58 men (M=36 years, SD=14.4) who were divided into previously depressed (n=51), currently depressed (n=45), and never depressed (n=87) groups. The hypotheses regarding the individuation theory of depressive realism were partially supported by the enduring nature of diminished denial and a greater sense of positive personal change as sequelae of depression. Results suggest that the patterns of negative thinking and diminished use of positive illusions that are typically found in depressed individuals, subside after recovery from depression, but that the diminished use of denial endures. Also as predicted, a sense of positive personal change was significantly greater in the previously depressed group as compared with the never depressed group, particularly in the forms of personal strength and appreciation of life. Self-actualisation scores, however, were similar between the two groups. Contrary to expectations, no sex differences were evident for either the self-deception or the growth variables. Self-actualisation was significantly higher at the highest levels of ego development compared with the lowest as expected, yet levels of growth and self-deception were not significantly different between the levels of ego development. Preliminary analysis of qualitative data derived from responses to open-ended questions about change as a result of depression, reflected predominately positive themes of adversarial growth and benefit from the experience, especially in those of high ego-development. This formed the basis for the focus of the second study, which was an in-depth qualitative investigation. The second study examined the individuation theory of depression further via interviews with 10 women and 6 men of high ego development who had experienced a significant depression in their lives. After describing their experiences of depression, the respondents were asked to elaborate upon the ways in which they felt they had been changed by their depression. Themes were overwhelmingly positive and the most commonly reported responses were those of a changed perception of self through a newfound inner strength, greater selfworth and self-acceptance. Enhanced empathy and compassion were also reported, as were changed priorities and a greater appreciation of life, especially in aspects of simplicity. Recognition of choices and acceptance of personal responsibility for the choices made were prominent themes in some accounts, and a number of interviewees reported the need to revise their approach to spirituality. Although less prominent in their accounts, negative changes included an increased sense of vulnerability and sensitivity as a mixed blessing, and the need for ongoing management of the risk factors for depression in their lifestyle. Some degree of cynicism about aspects of life was evident in a few respondents. Paradoxes emerged in the interviewees� material congruent with high levels of ego development. For example, some individuals� accounts included perceptions of increased strength in parallel with awareness of greater degrees of vulnerability. Results from the two studies provide plausible evidence for the notion that growth is not only possible, but is also a commonly experienced outcome of depression, especially in those at higher levels of ego development. The salutary nature of depression is discussed in relation to the theories presented and an argument is made for a more developmentally defined and differentiated understanding of depressive experience than cognitive definitions and pathological labels generally afford. Suggestions are made for directions for further research into the individuation theory of depression, including deepening our understanding of the potential for growth as a result of depression at other levels of ego-development.

Thesis (Psy.D.)--Alliant International University, California School of Professional Psychology, San Francisco, 2008. / Includes bibliographic references (68-72) and abstract.

O objetivo desta pesquisa é, a partir do referencial junguiano, ampliar a compreensão de como está se dando a experiência de paternidade atualmente, com foco na subjetividade masculina: qual o impacto que a experiência de se tornar pai vem causando no processo de desenvolvimento psicológico do homem - seu processo de individuação. Em busca de maior compreensão do significado atual da paternidade para os próprios homens na condição de pais, procura-se observar como o arquétipo paterno está se constelando na sociedade atual, de acordo com os novos modos de sentir e de se comportar, tendo em vista uma atitude mais favorável à alteridade e às relações democráticas. A partir de uma contextualização histórico-social, reconstitui-se um cenário marcado pelas reformulações nas concepções de masculino e feminino que vêm ocorrendo nas últimas décadas, e que interferem coletivamente nas identidades de gênero, portanto na subjetividade masculina, com desdobramentos nas expectativas que recaem sobre a figura do pai. Trata-se de uma pesquisa qualitativa que tem como principal instrumento a entrevista individual, com base em um roteiro de temas e questões abordados de forma semi-dirigida. A partir dos depoimentos, observa-se a representação e a vivência de paternidade em transformação através de manifestações da paternidade distintas do padrão patriarcal dominante, caracterizado pelo afastamento afetivo no comportamento masculino. Verifica-se uma crescente expectativa por parte dos homens de maior participação na gravidez, parto e cuidados junto ao filho, acompanhada de envolvimento emocional expresso. Destacam-se na análise os temas do \'desejo de ser pai\' e \'modelos de pai\', que se articulam em torno da afetividade masculina e paterna em transformação. Constata-se a coexistência de múltiplas referências e a valorização dessa pluralidade expressa em comportamentos e valores, o que contrasta com antigos modelos até então tidos como hegemônicos. Trabalha-se com a hipótese de que a crise vivenciada nesse âmbito, em função da instabilidade gerada pelo período de transição que desorganiza tanto a estrutura emocional quanto as estruturas familiares, promove, a médio e longo prazo, crescimento tanto para o indivíduo como para a sociedade. / The purpose of this research is to broaden the understanding of how the experience of fatherhood is taking place at the present time, using a Jungian perspective: to find out what the impact of the experience of becoming a father is causing on men\'s developmental process and process of individuation. As a better understanding about the meaning of fatherhood nowadays for men themselves as fathers is searched, we analyse how the paternal archetype is being constellated in contemporary society, according to new modes of feeling and behaviour, aiming at a more favorable approach towards alterity and democratic relationships. After a sociohistoric contextualization, emerges a scenario marked by reformulation in the conceptions of masculine and feminine over the last decades, which interferes on the aggregate level in gender identities and, therefore, on male subjectivity as well, with consequences for the expectations towards the father figure. This is a qualitative research based on individual interviews supported by a semi-directed script of issues and questions. Based on these statements, we observe the representation and the experience of fatherhood in transformation throughout manifestations of fatherhood that differ from the dominant pattern (patriarchal) and characterized by emotional aloofness as a common male trait. Men\'s growing expectation towards greater participation over pregnancy, childbirth and day-to-day care has been identified, as well as explicit emotional involvement. \'Willingness to be a father\' and \'models of father\' were emphasized issues, involving male and paternal affection in transformation. The coexistence of multiple frames of reference along with such diversity, as expressed in behaviours and values, have been demonstrated. This contrasts with old models considered, until now, to be hegemonic. We worked with the hypothesis that the crisis in this area, due to instability generated by this transitory period that disorganizes both emotional and family structures, generates, over medium and long range, development for the individual as well as for society.

The purpose of this study was to examine the extent to which levels of individuation and separation in adulthood would predict adjustment to the empty nest transition. Two-hundred and twenty-seven adults (M age = 48) who had experienced the empty nest within the last year completed a battery of scales assessing individuation from family of origin, spouse, and children as well as measures of adjustment, role strain, coping, and sex role attitudes. MANOVAS and hierarchical regression analyses suggested that levels of individuation from one's family of origin, spouse, and children differentially affect one's adjustment to, and coping with, the experience of launching of the youngest child from the home. Empty nest parents who are less differentiated from their own parents, from their spouses, and from their children reported a more negative impact of the empty nest in terms of more overall stress and role strain, more negative mood, and less life satisfaction than did empty nest parents who were more differentiated with regard to parents, spouse, and children. Results regarding the impact of individuation on empty nest adjustment regarding sex role attitudes were less clear cut, and may reflect cohort differences in work role opportunities for women and a parallel redefinition of the work role/parent role dichotomy for men. The data also suggest that women and men experience the empty nest transition differently, with women experiencing more distress and negative mood, supporting the notion that women, who define themselves in a context of relationship may experience more distress at a time when significant relationships are in flux. However, additional results which indicated significantly more proactive and adaptive coping strategies for women as compared to men suggest that women can meet the demands of the new definitions of themselves and their relationships in a relatively positive and adaptive way. The results suggest that present as well as past experiences of separation and individuation impact how one experiences and copes with the empty nest. The findings lend support to the importance of early, successful individuation experiences as possible precursors of how successfully individuals negotiate other developmental experiences involving separation and loss.

Submitted by Filipe dos Santos (fsantos@pucsp.br) on 2018-11-09T10:25:20Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Fábio Pipelmo Cavale.pdf: 833635 bytes, checksum: 5081aa9906c846cdb1fc7723b926be5f (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-11-09T10:25:20Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Fábio Pipelmo Cavale.pdf: 833635 bytes, checksum: 5081aa9906c846cdb1fc7723b926be5f (MD5) Previous issue date: 2018-09-21 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPES / This study aimed at identifying those aspects that constitute the concept of freedom under the perspective of Analytical Psychology, presenting a reflection on freedom and its limits in the psychic field, on autonomy and dependence and on the importance of freedom for the individuation process. This work has a theoretical nature and is based on the bibliographical review of the work of Carl Gustav Jung and on the review of articles and books dealing with the theme of freedom. In the literature, from the writings of C.G. Jung on freedom and, later, in the studies of Jungians and post-Jungians on the subject, four categories were identified: Liberty, morality and ethics; Consciousness, complex, unconscious and freedom; Collective consciousness and psychic massification; Individuation process, Self and freedom. The analysis and discussion of the findings suggest that freedom is an important phenomenon for the psychic life, requires responsibility and means taking the direction of one's own actions. Its opposite, defensive freedom, seems to be an escape from responsibility. However, it is not possible to affirm that there is full free will, because unconscious instances, at individual and collective levels, are, at all times, pressing the conscience due to its autonomous functioning. However, the unconscious, as well as collective and group processes can open up a range of possibilities for freedom. The individuation process is a gradual path towards freedom, giving the individual greater awareness of unconscious processes and dynamics of the collective consciousness, and favoring choices that are more conscious and free of determinations, even though in this process the individual needs to make sacrifices. These conclusions point to the clinical importance of the topic / O presente trabalho teve como objetivo levantar os aspectos que compõem o conceito de liberdade sob o olhar da Psicologia Analítica, apresentando uma reflexão sobre a liberdade e seus limites no campo psíquico, sobre a autonomia e a dependência e sobre a importância da liberdade para o processo de individuação. Este trabalho tem um caráter teórico, tendo sido realizado a partir da revisão bibliográfica da obra de Carl Gustav Jung e da varredura de artigos e livros que tratam da temática liberdade. Na literatura, a partir dos escritos de C. G. Jung sobre liberdade e, posteriormente, nos estudos de junguianos e pós-junguianos sobre o tema, foram identificadas quatro categorias: Liberdade, moral e ética; Consciência, complexos, inconsciente e liberdade; Consciência coletiva e massificação psíquica; Processo de individuação, Self (si-mesmo) e liberdade. A análise e discussão dos dados levantados sugerem que a liberdade é um fenômeno importante para a vida psíquica, exige responsabilidade e significa tomar para si a direção dos próprios atos. Seu oposto, a liberdade defensiva, parece ser a fuga da responsabilidade. Entretanto, não é possível afirmar que exista o pleno livre arbítrio, pois instâncias inconscientes, nos níveis individual e coletivo, estão, a todo o momento, pressionando a consciência em razão de seu funcionamento autônomo. No entanto, o inconsciente, assim como os processos coletivos e grupais, pode abrir um leque de possibilidades em prol da liberdade. O processo de individuação é um caminho gradual rumo à liberdade, proporcionando ao indivíduo maior consciência dos processos inconscientes e dos dinamismos da consciência coletiva e favorecendo escolhas mais conscientes e mais livres das determinações, mesmo que, nesse processo, o indivíduo necessite realizar sacrifícios. Essas conclusões remetem à importância clínica do tema

O presente trabalho teve como objetivo a compreensão da separação amorosa vivenciada pela mulher de meia idade relacionada ao processo de individuação através de um trabalho realizado em grupo vivencial sob o enfoque da Psicologia Analítica. O método utilizado na pesquisa foi qualitativo sob a perspectiva simbólico arquetípica. Foram realizados oito encontros de grupo com sete participantes na faixa etária de quarenta a cinqüenta e cinco anos que estavam vivenciando uma separação amorosa. No grupo foram utilizados recursos expressivos, contos e mitos para favorecer a elaboração simbólica. A partir do material coletado observou-se uma grande diversidade de experiências em relação à perda como sentimentos de tristeza, solidão, desamparo, raiva, desejos de vingança, sensação de vazio e desorganização. Um tema comum manifestado pelas participantes foi a sensação de perda de identidade no relacionamento anterior ou em decorrência da separação. Identificou-se que esta perda estava associada a conteúdos inconscientes projetados no parceiro e na conjugalidade que ainda não haviam sido reintegrados à consciência. Verificou-se que em alguns casos a identidade estava alicerçada no vínculo simbiótico mantido com o parceiro. Reconhecer a raiva que estava na sombra do relacionamento, recolher as projeções depositadas no parceiro e ter que enfrentar a solidão se revelaram como oportunidades de diferenciação necessárias ao processo de individuação. Na compreensão dos dados, foi utilizado o referencial de mitos e contos para estabelecer algumas amplificações e analogias. Alguns padrões arquetípicos femininos mostraram estar ativados ou negligenciados na psique das participantes: a traição acionou uma Hera raivosa e vingativa em algumas mulheres, enquanto Afrodite parecia abandonada pelo desinteresse manifestado por algumas participantes para novos relacionamentos. Por outro lado a separação constelou arquétipos de deusas mais independentes em algumas mulheres que investem em trabalho e estudos. Observou-se que a temática da descida ao mundo inferior expressa nos mitos de Inana e de Core-Perséfone era constelada na vivência depressiva de algumas participantes, uma experiência necessária à elaboração do luto e ao enraizamento no Self feminino simbolizado pelo encontro com a deusa escura reprimida na cultura patriarcal. O grupo vivencial se mostrou eficaz para favorecer a elaboração do luto pela perda amorosa através da criação de um espaço ritual, permitindo a constelação de uma nova coniunctio. Os recursos expressivos e os contos e mitos utilizados facilitaram a expressão simbólica das participantes e mobilizaram as forças curativas da psique para iniciar a cicatrização das feridas ocasionadas pela perda. Constatou-se no grupo uma apropriação da própria trajetória de vida possibilitando assumir a responsabilidade pelo processo de individuação. São sugeridos novos estudos e o desenvolvimento de trabalhos em grupos vivenciais de mulheres e também de homens para lidar com a separação amorosa em consultórios e instituições de saúde, visando contribuir para a área de relações de gênero. / This thesis sought to understand the separation from a love relationship as experienced by middle-aged women related to the individuation process through experiential group work in the focus of Analytical Psychology. The method used in the research was qualitative, under a symbolic archetypal perspective. Eight group meetings were held with seven participants aged from forty to fifty-five who were undergoing separation from love relationships. Expressive resources, tales and myths were used in the group in order to favor the symbolic development. The material gathered showed a large diversity of experiences in relation to the loss, such as feelings of sadness, solitude, distress, anger, wishes of revenge, a feeling of emptiness and derangement. A common matter expressed by the participants was the feeling of loss of identity in the past relationship or as a result of the separation. It was identified that this loss was associated to unconscious contents projected in the partner and in the conjugality that had not yet rejoined their consciousness. It was verified that, in some cases, the identity was grounded on the symbiotic relationship had with the partner. To recognize the anger that was in the shadows of the relationship, to bring in the projections deposited in the partner and have to face solitude revealed to be opportunities of differentiation that are necessary for the individuation process. The referential of myths and tales was used in the understanding of the data, in order to establish some expansions and analogies. Some feminine archetypal standards were shown to be activated or neglected in the psyche of the participants: betrayal turned some women into an angry and vengeful Hera, while Aphrodite looked abandoned by the lack of interest for new relationships expressed by some participants. On the other hand, the separation constellated archetypes of more independent goddesses in some women who invest on their career and education. It was noted that the thematic of the descent to the underworld expressed in the myths of Inanna and Core-Persephone was constellated on the depressive life experience of some participants, a necessary experience for the elaboration of mourning and rooting into their feminine Self, symbolized by the meeting with the dark goddess repressed in the patriarchal culture. The experiential group was shown to be efficient to favor the elaboration of mourning for the loss of their love mate through the creation of a ritual space, allowing the constellation of a new coniunctio. The expressive resources and tales and myths used facilitated the symbolic expression and mobilized the healing forces of the psyche to start the healing of the wounds caused by the loss. The group demonstrated an appropriation of their own trajectories of life, allowing them to take responsibility for the individuation process. New studies are suggested, as well as the development of experiential group work with women and man to handle the separation from love relationships in clinical settings and health institutions, seeking to contribute to the gender relationship area.

Esta pesquisa busca elucidar aspectos do processo de individuação de praticantes de budismo tibetano, por meio de entrevistas em história oral de vida. A história oral, nesta pesquisa, é concebida como um corte epistemológico que se situa na interface entre diferentes campos do saber, como a psicologia analítica, a psicanálise, a história, dentre outros. Buscamos discutir o processo de transformação da personalidade, denominado por Jung de processo de individuação, no contexto da prática budista tibetana, considerada um marco biográfico para seus praticantes. Adotamos nesta pesquisa os pressupostos metodológicos e éticos da história oral, e também da pesquisa simbólica, tal como concebida por Jung. A prática budista tibetana na contemporaneidade dá-se no contexto pós-diáspora, quando, a partir de 1959, o Tibete foi invadido e ocupado pelos chineses. Indagamo-nos em que medida o budismo tibetano pode ou não oferecer elementos que auxiliem o indivíduo a se perceber em um processo alinhado ao Self e, ao mesmo tempo, inserido na comunidade humana, podendo nela se engajar e se comprometer com sua melhoria. Consideramos, em nossa discussão, aspectos do ego, do Self, da sombra e da persona, a metanoia, as dinâmicas de inflação e alienação egoica e também a ativação da função religiosa da psique. Ensejamos discutir os aspectos relativos à transformação da personalidade nos quais está implicado um processo de abertura crescente da consciência. Consideramos os complexos, as defesas do ego, sua sombra, e também sua capacidade de fazer mediações e escolhas. Os processos descritos são inerentes à condição humana e fazem parte do desenvolvimento e diferenciação da consciência. Nossos entrevistados, de algum modo, associam a prática budista à possibilidade de viver esse processo de maneira mais condizente com sua personalidade. A discussão acerca da dimensão ética no relacionamento guru-discípulo fez-se necessária, revelando-se um fator importante no processo de desenvolvimento do praticante, pois, no cerne da confissão budista tibetana, está a prática de \"devoção ao guru\". Outra questão abordada nas entrevistas diz respeito ao futuro do budismo tibetano. Alguns entrevistados, em suas elaborações, tecem possibilidades de continuidade do budismo articuladas principalmente ao processo de transformação e desenvolvimento da personalidade, em detrimento dos aspectos ritualísticos. Entrevistamos cinco praticantes budistas, dentre os quais, dois monges de nacionalidade tibetana, um lama estadunidense residente no Brasil há mais de vinte anos e duas praticantes budistas brasileiras. Os praticantes budistas tibetanos nascidos no ocidente estão inseridos no contexto budista há mais de vinte e cinco anos; os monges, por sua vez, forjaram sua personalidade no contexto budista / This research seeks to discuss aspects of the individuation process of Tibetan Buddhism practitioners, through oral history interviews. The oral history, in this research, lies on the interface between different fields of knowledge, such as Analytical Psychology, Psychoanalysis and History. We seek to discuss the transformation of personality process, which, according to Jung, is called individuation process. The individuation process is considered in the context of the Tibetan Buddhism practice, considered a biographical turning point by its practitioners. In this research, we adopted the Oral History and Symbolic Research methodological principals and considered their ethical bases. The Tibetan Buddhism practice in contemporaneity takes place on the post-diaspora context, when, from 1959 on, Tibet was invaded and taken over by the Chinese. We ask in this research to which extent the Tibetan Buddhism may or may not offer elements that help the individual perceive himself in an aligned process to the Self and, at the same time, inserted in the human community, being able to engage in it and commit to its improvement. We took into consideration, in our discussion, aspects of the ego, the Self, the shadow and the persona, the metanoia, the dynamics of egoic inflation and egoic alienation and, also, the activation of the religious function of the psyque. We seek to discuss the aspects relative to the transformation of personality, in which a process of consciousness development is implied. We considered the complexes, the ego defenses, its shadow and also the egos ability to mediate and make choices. The processes described here are inherent to the human condition and they are part of the development and differentiation of consciousness. All our interviewees somehow associate the Buddhist practice to the possibility of going through this process in a way that is more consistent to their personality. The discussion regarding the ethical dimension on the guru-disciple relationship was necessary due to the fact that it is an important factor in the developing process of the practitioner, for the practice of \"guru devotion\" is an essential aspect of the Tibetan Buddhism religion. The future of the Tibetan Buddhism is another issue which is discussed in the interviews. Some of the interviewees associate the continuation of Tibetan Buddhism linked mainly to the process of transformation and development of personality, instead of focusing on the ritual aspects. We interviewed five Tibetan Buddhists, among which, two Tibetan monks, one lama born in the U.S. and living in Brazil for more than twenty years and two Brazilian female Buddhists. The Tibetan Buddhism practitioners who were born in the West have been in the Buddhist context for more than twenty-five years, whereas the monks built their personalities in the Buddhist context

O conceito de individuação, proposto por Carl G. Jung, estabelece que o indivíduo, como um ser continuum, em conexão com seu Self é guiado a uma jornada rumo à sua plenitude. Assim, esse processo é interminável e ocorre na vida de todas as pessoas, desde seu nascimento. Quando uma pessoa sofre algum dano que interfere nesse caminho, a oportunidade de mudanças em vários âmbitos se presentifica, sendo importante que o ego integre essa experiência, ocorrendo uma simbolização psíquica. Neste estudo, busco avaliar como o processo de individuação pode ocorrer de forma criativa em pessoas que adquiriram uma deficiência física motora, podendo ser esta propiciadora de modificações necessárias para a promoção de ampliação da consciência. Para isso, utilizo como recurso metodológico narrativas de intervenções psicoterápicas de três pacientes por mim atendidos em psicoterapia breve em centros de reabilitação para pessoas com deficiência física. As causas e os diagnósticos das deficiências são distintos, sendo uma mulher vítima de acidente vascular cerebral, um homem tetraplégico e uma paciente com amputação transfemural. A partir dos meus relatos das intervenções, busquei refletir sobre alguns elementos que se evidenciaram durante o acompanhamento e que me auxiliaram no embasamento de uma psicoterapia breve de abordagem junguiana. Os eixos visualizados durante o processo psicoterápico referemse a: apropriação da persona do deficiente físico e integração criativa dos aspectos sombrios que caracterizam a perda física; corpo deficiente como símbolo da maneira de se relacionar com o mundo e consigo mesmo; análise do destino que vinha se configurando em contraposição às alterações propiciadas pela deficiência e retomada do caminho engendrado pelo Self, a partir da assimilação criativa da deficiência ao cotidiano. Coloco-me como terapeuta-narradora das intervenções psicoterápicas desses pacientes sob a ótica da psicologia analítica, utilizando como referencial literário a escritora Clarice Lispector, cuja obra se delineia sobre a ficção trágica de contos baseados em histórias de vida. Os resultados observados refletem a importância de um trabalho multidisciplinar no acompanhamento a essas pessoas e na possibilidade de se resgatar o caminho configurado previamente, embora com modificações importantes simbolizadas no corpo limitado. / The concept of individuation, proposed by Carl G. Jung, establishes that a person, as a continuum being, in connection with its Self is guided to a journey to its fullness. Thus, this is an endless process and occurs in everyone\'s life, since birth. When a person suffers trauma that interferes with this journey, the opportunity of changes in multiple scopes is present, and it is important that the ego integrates this experience, occurring a psychic symbolization. In this study, I try to evaluate how the individuation process can occur in a creative form to people with acquired motor physical deficiency, which may bring necessary modifications for the promotion of an amplification of the conscience. So, as methodological resourse, I took narratives of psychotherapic interventions of three patients atended under brief psychotherapy in different physical rehabilitationcenters. The etiologies and the types of deficiencies are distinct: a woman with cerebral vascular event sequel, a tetraplégic man and a another woman with transfemural amputation. Based on the reports of interventions, I tried to reflect on some elements highlighted during the treatment of those patients, which. helped me to apply a brief junguian psychotherapy. The cores detected during the psychotherapic process refer to: appropriation of physical deficient persona and creative integration of the shady aspects that characterize physical loss; deficient body as symbol of the relationship with the world and himself; the analysis of destiny that was being configured in contraposition to alterations resulting from deficiency, and the return to the way produced by the Self, from the creative assimilation of deficiency to the daily life. I have placed myself as therapist-narrator of those patients psychotherapic interventions under analytical psychology view, using as referencial literary the writer Clarice Lispector, whose publications are delineated on the tragic story fiction based on real life histories. The observed results the need for a multidisciplinary approach to this kind of patients and for the possibility of rescuing the way configured previously, even so with symbolized important modifications in the impaired body.

Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Oregon, 2003. / Typescript. Includes vita and abstract. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 191-208). Also available for download via the World Wide Web; free to University of Oregon users.

Thesis (Ph.D.) -- McMaster University, 1998. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 236-247). Also available via World Wide Web.