Made available in DSpace on 2014-12-17T14:06:49Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 FranciolliSDA.pdf: 2363369 bytes, checksum: 60110371e06857963dc0f1bfade49f3a (MD5) Previous issue date: 2008-08-05 / The WTP produce many kinds of residue on your treatment stages, but the sludge is the more problematic from the final disposition point view. The actual rate of residue production deriving from technological evolution and the crescent population needs prevents the subtle equilibrium generation between consumption and recycling/reuse, creating problems of pollution resulting from inappropriate management of residues. Thus, is necessary achieve a new equilibrium between the grow from raw materials and energy and the residue generation. This equilibrium should be achieved by technical and economic feasibility of environmental supported models through recycling and reuse. The red ceramic industry stand out in residue absorption question as raw material due their clay mass heterogeneity, constituted by clay minerals and non-clay minerals with wide mineralogical variation, allowing residue inclusion which act like plastic or non-plastic materials, contributing to retain heavy metals contained in residues in the vitreous mass formed during the burning of the ceramic bodies. This work propose the study of the influence of incorporation of 25 wt.% sludge from wastewater treatment plant, according preliminary results, in the mass to produce ceramic bodies. The raw materials was characterized through chemical composition analyses by XRF, mineralogical analyses by XRD, thermal analyses by TG and DTA, Atterberg limits and thermodilatometry. Subsequently was composed the mass with 75 wt.% of clay and 25 wt.% of dried wastewater sludge from UFRN WWTP. Samples with 6,0 x 2,0 x 0,5 cm was produced with unidirectional compacting under pressure of 20MPa and burned in temperatures between 950 and 1,200?C. After fired, the ceramic bodies have been submitted to physical and mechanical analyses through the measure of firing shrinkage, water absorption, density, apparent porosity and flexural strength; crystallographic analyses through XRD and microstructure analyses by SEM. The technological properties obtained was satisfactory to production of roof tiles with 25 wt.% at 1,200 ?C, but the production of others products at lower temperatures was not feasible / As ETE produzem v?rios tipos de res?duos em suas etapas de tratamento, mas o lodo ? o res?duo mais problem?tico do ponto de vista de disposi??o final. A atual taxa de gera??o de res?duos, acarretada da evolu??o tecnol?gica e da crescente demanda populacional, impede a gera??o de um equil?brio h?bil entre o consumo e a reciclagem/reuso, gerando problemas de polui??o resultantes da gest?o inadequada dos res?duos. Dessa forma, ? necess?rio atingir um novo equil?brio entre o crescimento das demandas por mat?rias e energia e a gera??o de res?duos. Este equil?brio, s? pode ser alcan?ado atrav?s da viabiliza??o t?cnica e econ?mica de modelos de sustentabilidade ambiental, atrav?s da reciclagem e do reuso. A ind?stria de cer?mica vermelha se destaca no quesito absor??o de res?duos como mat?ria-prima em virtude da heterogeneidade das massas argilosas, constitu?das de argilominerais e minerais n?o argilosos com ampla varia??o mineral?gica, permitindo a inclus?o de res?duos que atuem como plastificantes ou desplastificantes, e contribuindo tamb?m para a reten??o de metais pesados presentes nos res?duos na massa v?trea formada nos corpos cer?micos. Este trabalho prop?e estudar a influ?ncia da incorpora??o de 25% de lodo de esta??o de tratamento de esgoto, baseado em resultados preliminares, ? massa para produ??o de corpos cer?micos. As mat?rias-primas foram caracterizadas atrav?s de an?lise da composi??o qu?mica por FRX, an?lise mineral?gica por DRX, an?lise t?rmica por TG e DTA, an?lise dos limites de Atterberg e an?lise dilatom?trica. Em seguida foi composta a massa com 75% de argila e 25% em peso de lodo da ETE UFRN. Foram prensados corpos-de-prova com dimens?es 6,0 x 2,0 x 0,5 cm atrav?s de prensagem uniaxial sob press?o de 20MPa e queimadas nas temperaturas entre 950 e 1200?C. Ap?s a sinteriza??o, os corpos-de-prova foram submetidos a ensaios f?sico-mec?nicos atrav?s de medida de retra??o linear, absor??o de ?gua, massa espec?fica aparente, porosidade aparente e tens?o de ruptura ? flex?o; an?lise cristalogr?fica atrav?s de DRX e an?lise microestrutural atrav?s de MEV. As propriedades tecnol?gicas obtidas mostraram-se satisfat?rias para fabrica??o de telhas com 25% de lodo na temperatura de queima de 1.200 ?C, n?o sendo vi?vel a fabrica??o de outros produtos em temperaturas inferiores

El distrito de Rímac es considerado por la UNESCO como Patrimonio Cultural de la Humanidad desde 1991, debido a su alta contribución con la identidad peruana y la tradición que se mantiene por sus calles en cuanto a su arquitectura. A pesar de esto, no se le da la importancia debida ya que las calles se encuentran en abandono. Ante esta problemática, este estudio contribuirá a darle una solución mediante actividades culturales y sociales, que integren la zona que actualmente no cuenta con espacios públicos. El diseño arquitectónico peruano de centros culturales no ha evolucionado acorde a las tendencias globales, es por eso que se analizarán la evolución tipológica y de énfasis proyectos, con lo cual se logrará obtener un listado de ambientes preliminar. Se considerará el énfasis en el reciclaje industrial, lo cual se viene haciendo desde siglo XIX, por ejemplo, en Europa. Se analizarán el público objetivo, así como las características de cada uno de los usuarios, lo cual permitirá conocer al mismo cuantitativa y cualitativamente. Luego, se harán esquemas donde se muestre la correlación entre los usuarios y los ambientes del centro; así como la elección del terreno, donde se detallarán los criterios de selección y se elegirá al mejor. Finalmente, se analizará el terreno elegido a detalle y se procederá a crear criterios de diseño que serán los principios básicos en cuanto a énfasis y tipología para diseñar el Centro Cultural de Rímac con énfasis en reciclaje industrial. Se espera que este proyecto ayude de herramienta a que los diseñadores y todos los involucrados a la identidad peruana. / The district of Rimac is considered by UNESCO as Cultural Heritage of Humanity since 1991, due to its high contribution to Peruvian identity and the tradition that is maintained by its streets in terms of its architecture. Despite this, it is not given due importance since the streets are abandoned. Given this problem, this study will help to provide a solution through cultural and social activities that integrate the area that currently does not have public spaces. The Peruvian architectural design of cultural centers has not evolved according to global trends, which is why the typological evolution and emphasis projects will be analyzed, with which a preliminary list of environments will be obtained. The emphasis on industrial recycling will be considered, which has been going on since the 19th century, for example, in Europe. The target audience will be analyzed, as well as the characteristics of each of the users, which will allow them to know the same quantitatively and qualitatively. Then, schemes will be made showing the correlation between users and the center's environments; as well as the choice of the land, where the selection criteria will be detailed and the best one will be chosen. Finally, the terrain chosen in detail will be analyzed and design criteria will be created that will be the basic principles in terms of emphasis and typology to design the Rimac Cultural Center with an emphasis on industrial recycling. This project is expected to help the designers and everyone involved in the Peruvian identity as a tool. / Tesis