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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
41

How People Re-find Information When the Web Changes

Teevan, Jaime 18 June 2004 (has links)
This paper investigates how people return to information in a dynamic information environment. For example, a person might want to return to Web content via a link encountered earlier on a Web page, only to learn that the link has since been removed. Changes can benefit users by providing new information, but they hinder returning to previously viewed information. The observational study presented here analyzed instances, collected via a Web search, where people expressed difficulty re-finding information because of changes to the information or its environment. A number of interesting observations arose from this analysis, including that the path originally taken to get to the information target appeared important in its re-retrieval, whereas, surprisingly, the temporal aspects of when the information was seen before were not. While people expressed frustration when problems arose, an explanation of why the change had occurred was often sufficient to allay that frustration, even in the absence of a solution. The implications of these observations for systems that support re-finding in dynamic environments are discussed.
42

Gestão da informação no jornalismo on-line : estudo do portal Campo Grande News /

Tellaroli, Taís Marina. January 2007 (has links)
Orientador: João Pedro Albino / Banca: Mauro César Silveira / Banca: Antônio Carlos de Jesus / Resumo: Com a popularização da Internet como meio de difusão de informações, a transformação do jornalismo foi sentida em várias vertentes, como na técnica de produção, captação e difusão da notícia, estilo da escrita, e nas possibilidades disponibilizadas pelo novo meio de comunicação. A transposição do fazer jornalístico impresso ao on-line se deu devido à novidade que a Internet trouxe como meio, sem a definição de estilo. No entanto, houve a necessidade de o jornalismo on-line assumir sua própria técnica e forma; primeiramente utilizando as potencialidades que a rede oferece como o hipertexto, multimídia, interatividade, personalização, memória e instantaneidade para se tornar diferente. A partir da conceituação do jornalismo praticado na Internet, com enfoque no modelo de portal local, este trabalho mapeou o ciberespaço de Mato Grosso do Sul quanto à existência de portais jornalísticos independentes e discutiu a gestão da informação no maior portal do Estado, o Campo Grande News. A gestão da informação foi aplicada sob o enfoque da comunicação e abordou os processos de produção da notícia. O estudo de caráter exploratório utilizou como técnica de coleta de dados, a observação direta do funcionamento do site na Internet e entrevistas com proprietário, funcionários e jornalistas do portal, abordando três grandes questões de análise: planejamento, comunicação e tecnologia. Por fim, esta pesquisa indicou a tendência dos portais locais na Internet, bem como teceu considerações quanto ao modelo explorado atualmente / Abstract: With the popularization of internet as a mean of information diffusion, the transformation of journalism was felt in several directions, such as in production techniques, news catching and diffusion, writing style, and also in the possibilities made available by the new medium of communication. The transposition of press journalism into on-line journalism occurred because of the novelty brought by internet as a medium, with no definition of style. However, on-line journalism had to assume its own technique and form, at first by using the potentialities offered by the net, such as hypertext, multimedia, interactiviy, personalization, memory and instantaneity, in order to become different. From the concept of internet journalism, focusing on the model of local portal, this paper mapped Mato Grosso do Sul's cyberspace as to the existence of independent journalistic portals and discussed the information management in the State's largest portal, Campo Grande News. Information management was applied under the focus of communication and approached the processes of news production. The techniques of data collection used by this exploratory study was direct observation of the site working on the internet and interviews with the portal owner, employees and journalists, focusing on three major issues: planning, communication and technology. At last, this study indicated the trend of local portals on the internet, as well as drew some considerations as to the model currently explored / Mestre
43

Gestão da informação : da criação à recepção. Estudo de caso : Revista Todateen - para público adolescente /

Ruiz, Lissandra Mahnis. January 2005 (has links)
Orientador: Antonio Carlos de Jesus / Banca: Nelyse Apparecida Melro Salzedas / Banca: Maria Cristina Gobbi / Resumo: Considerando que os estudos sobre a produção de revistas especializadas, ainda não tem conhecimento científico solidamente produzido, apresento nesta dissertação relato fruto de pesquisa bibliográfica e de campo sobre o processo de gestão da informação, mais especificamente da criação a recepção da revista todateen, destinada ao publico adolescente, com uma singular característica, produzida integralmente no interior do Estado de São Paulo e uma das publicações da área de maior tiragem. O estudo objetiva também, demonstrar o funcionamento do processo de gestão da informação na produção de mídia impressa e especializada. A dissertação se estruturou com pesquisa histórica, bibliográfica e documental para assegurar o seu desenvolvimento estruturado em três partes: aspectos históricos e evolutivos das revistas no Brasil, a origem e o desenvolvimento da Editora Astral, o espaço contextual da produção e finalmente o processo de gestão da informação na revista todateen. Portanto a principal contribuição desta dissertação é demonstrar, pelo foco da gestão da informação, os processos pelos quais as informações passam até transforma-se em conhecimento disponibilizado no mercado editorial, através do seu conteúdo aqui demonstrado e analisado. / Abstract: The present work objectified to demonstrate as the process of information management in the production of a printed media, specifically, the magazine todateen. The research if structuralized, mainly, in the bibliographical research and registers, collating the historical moment for which had passed the magazines since that they had started in Brazil, until the present. Also to describe, minutely, the birth and the trajectory of the Alto Astral publishing company in its 19 years of existence, as well as following the trajectory of the magazine todateen, object of this study. The main contribution of this research was to demonstrate, for the focus of the information management, which the processes for which the information passes until changedding itself into knowledge, through its articles and sections, and being placed to its readers. / Mestre
44

The role of Namibian ministerial librarians in knowledge management

Iilonga, Selma January 2012 (has links)
Magister Bibliothecologiae - MBibl / The core traditional functions of the library namely collecting, processing, disseminating, storing and the utilization of documented information in order to supply information services and resources, have changed. In the information / knowledge society era, the library manages both external and internal knowledge of the host organization. This can be achieved through the process of collection of relevant information, processing, organizing and dissemination to ensure that information / knowledge contents housed in the library are retrievable and accessible to the targeted audience, using various dissemination channels. Librarians ensure that the targeted audiences are equipped with the skills to locate, evaluate, and use available and useful information / knowledge effectively, by providing information literacy training to them. Studies have found the visibility of librarians in the knowledge management environment to be very low and the utilization of their skills to be minimal. Therefore, this study investigated the practice of knowledge management by ministerial librarians in Namibia. The study relied on the Bukowitz and Williams Knowledge Management (KM) framework (2000). This framework is appropriate to the study because it consists of different stages (GET, USE, LEARN, CONTRIBUTE, ASSESS, BUILD / SUSTAIN, AND DIVEST) that address the themes of the focus of the study,thus making it relevant to effective and efficient knowledge management in an enterprise such as the government ministries.The method of data collection and analysis employed was qualitative, with semi structured interviews. The results of the study revealed that few ministerial librarians are practicing knowledge management by ensuring that they are identifying, capturing, evaluating, retrieving, and sharing the ministry’s knowledge/information assets, for it to add value and improve the performance of employees as they contribute to the strategic missions of the ministries. Viewed from that perspective, the findings reveal some barriers which prohibit ministerial librarians to effectively practice knowledge management, which among of them include: inadequate training; limited resources for ICT infrastructure adaption and purchasing of resources meeting the needs of the ministry; staffing shortage, bureaucratic system, and others. Based on the findings, the researcher therefore recommends that certain measures need to be put in place to address the short comings to effective knowledge management so that ministerial librarians are able to render services to their users for them to become independent lifelong learners.
45

A proposed multi-disciplinary and integrated model for managing the flow of information in development projects in Africa

Bester, Coetzee Ben 21 April 2008 (has links)
Assuming that Africa is serious in its intent to become a developed role player in the global world, then information and the way in which it is managed is of critical concern. This study is inter alia informed by the need for an interdisciplinary, holistic approach to information management integrating relevant aspects and characteristics of human beings as well as aspects of the life and culture, economy and ecology of a community with sustainable development, and by the notion that information is a crucial resource in development projects. The study responds to the acute need for trained information managers/agents in development projects and aims to develop an information management model to be used in development projects in Africa. Chapter one identifies the problem to be investigated, the objectives to be attained, the research methodology to be followed, and the significance of research into development in Africa. This is placed within a theoretical framework focusing on managing information flows in developing communities. Chapter two focuses on the present status of development policies and conditions in Africa. It seeks to facilitate understanding of current development initiatives, particularly where these relate to information management and its interrelationship with coordinating development agencies such as the African Union, NEPAD and the Africa Peer Review Mechanism. The importance of information management as a holistic approach to long-term sustainable development in Africa is highlighted. Chapter three focuses on information management as a core concept in development. The basic management activities of the proposed integrated and multidisciplinary model for information management are described. The use of organisational development theory in a community context is proposed as a means to integrate project management principles with the needs of communities affected by development processes and projects, so as enable communities to accept development and change. The need for awareness of socio-cultural tensions emerging in communities during development processes is discussed in Chapter four. Reference is made to sixteen cultural elements guiding the activities in communities and influencing development and/or information, as well as the interaction between these during development and change processes. In this, human development is defined as a process of personal change, growth and advancement through processes involving the acquisition of knowledge, development of the capability to make decisions and to participate in the activities of a community. Chapter five proposes a three-part model for information management in development, which serves as a holistic, integrated and multi-disciplinary tool for information managers and agents in development projects in Africa. The model proposes three categories of (circular) information flow during development process to ensure an all-stakeholder focus, namely, (i) initiation and introduction of the development project, (ii) strategy and management information (iii) facilitation of consultation processes in the communities with subsequent inclusion of local and indigenous knowledge. The chapter indicates that the facilitation of the circular flow of information is a main responsibility of the information manager. Chapter six evaluates the contribution of the study and identifies new opportunities to further the objectives of this study. Copyright 2007, University of Pretoria. All rights reserved. The copyright in this work vests in the University of Pretoria. No part of this work may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, without the prior written permission of the University of Pretoria. Please cite as follows: Bester, BC 2007, A proposed multi-disciplinary and integrated model for managing the flow of information in development projects in Africa, MIS dissertation, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, viewed yymmdd < http://upetd.up.ac.za/thesis/available/etd-04212008-082240 / > / Dissertation (MIS (Information Science))--University of Pretoria, 2008. / Information Science / unrestricted
46

Factors influencing effective information management using information technology systems in a public sector department

Bessick, Jacqueline Ruby January 2016 (has links)
Magister Commercii (Information Management) - MCom(IM) / The Public Sector encounters great challenges in its attempts to strengthen its public services. Public servants are in need of accurate and up-to-date information that can be readily accessible. They need information to be made available for effective and efficient decision-making. In order to improve service delivery, the Public Sector must aim to reach its objectives by increasing and improving accountability, transparency, efficiency, productivity and quality of services. This study focuses on factors, which influence information management in a Public Sector Department in an effective way to manage information properly. An extensive literature review was conducted of information, the role of information management, the possible critical failure and success factors of information management. This led to the discovery of four main categories for critical failure factors: (i) people; (ii) process; (iii) policy and; (iv) technology; and three categories for critical success factors: (i) organizational culture; (ii) top management support; and (iii) strategies. A conceptual model was then developed for these categories with seventeen factors. This model was subsequently tested in the empirical setting of the studied Public Sector Department in South Africa by utilising a qualitative approach through the case-study method. The findings suggest that the following factors would impact the successful implementation of an information management initiative for this Public Sector Department: information management; change management and communication strategies; culture; roles of responsibility for information; information lifecycle process; and information management policy. The intended audience for this study includes both academics and practitioners, as it introduces a conceptual model, as well as guidelines to implement these factors for information management in a Public Sector Department.
47

Mental Workload in Personal Information Management: Understanding PIM Practices Across Multiple Devices

Tungare, Manas 07 May 2009 (has links)
Multiple devices such as desktops, laptops, and cell phones are often used to manage users' personal information, such as files, calendars, contacts, emails, and bookmarks. This dissertation presents the results of two studies that examined users' mental workload in this context, especially when transitioning tasks from one device to another. In a survey of 220 knowledge workers, users reported high frustration with current devices' support for task migration, e.g. making files available on multiple machines. To investigate further, I conducted a controlled experiment with 18 participants. While they performed PIM tasks, I measured their mental workload using subjective measures and physiological measures. Some systems provide support for transitioning users' work between devices, or for using multiple devices together; I explored the impact of such support on mental workload and task performance. Participants performed three tasks (Files, Calendar, Contacts) with two treatment conditions each (lower and higher support for migrating tasks between devices.) This dissertation discusses my findings: workload measures obtained using the subjective NASA TLX scale were able to discriminate between tasks, but not between the two conditions in each task. Task-Evoked Pupillary Response, a continuous measure, was sensitive to changes within each task. For the Files task, a significant increase in workload was noted in the steps before and after task migration. Participants entered events faster into paper calendars than into an electronic calendar, though there was no observable difference in workload. For the Contacts task, task performance was equal, but mental workload was higher when no synchronization support was available between their cell phone and their laptop. Little to no correlation was observed between task performance and both workload measures, except in isolated instances. This suggests that neither task performance metrics nor workload assessments alone offer a complete picture of device usability in multi-device personal information ecosystems. Traditional usability metrics that focus on efficiency and effectiveness are necessary, but not sufficient, to evaluate such designs. Given participants' varying subjective perceptions of these systems and differences in task-evoked pupillary response, aspects of hot cognition such as emotion, pleasure, and likability show promise as important parameters in system evaluation. / Ph. D.
48

Automating Laboratory Operations by Intergrating Laboratory Information Management Systems (LIMS) with Analytical Instruments and Scientific Data Management System (SDMS)

Zhu, Jianyong 06 1900 (has links)
Submitted to the faculty of the University Graduate School in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree Master of Science in the School of Informatics, Indiana University June 2005 / The large volume of data generated by commercial and research laboratories, along with requirements mandated by regulatory agencies, have forced companies to use laboratory information management systems (LIMS) to improve efficiencies in tracking, managing samples, and precisely reporting test results. However, most general purpose LIMS do not provide an interface to automatically collect data from analytical instruments to store in a database. A scientific data management system (SDMS) provides a “Print-to-Database” technology, which facilitates the entry of reports generated by instruments directly into the SDMS database as Windows enhanced metafiles thus to minimize data entry errors. Unfortunately, SDMS does not allow performing further analysis. Many LIMS vendors provide plug-ins for single instrument but none of them provides a general purpose interface to extract the data from SDMS and store in LIMS. In this project, a general purpose middle layer named LabTechie is designed, built and tested for seamless integration between instruments, SDMS and LIMS. This project was conducted at American Institute of Technology (AIT) Laboratories, an analytical laboratory that specializes in trace chemical measurement of biological fluids. Data is generated from 20 analytical instruments, including gas chromatography/mass spectrometer (GC/MS), high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), and liquid chromatography/mass spectrometer (LC/MS), and currently stored in NuGenesis SDMS iv (Waters, Milford, MA). This approach can be easily expanded to include additional instruments.
49

An Investigation of Finding and Refinding Information on the Web

Capra, Robert G. 23 March 2006 (has links)
Refinding electronic information is a common problem, yet it has received less study than the problem of how to find information for the first time. In this dissertation, I examine how people approach tasks to refind information they have seen on the Web and factors that may affect refinding. I conducted a controlled, laboratory study in which participants participated in two sessions: one to find information for a set of 18 tasks and a second session, about a week later, to attempt a set of counterpart refinding tasks. Results indicate that finding and refinding do have differences, but not for all types of tasks. The use of Web search engines was not observed to change significantly from the first session to the second. However, for tasks that participants were more familiar with, search engines were used less. Tasks that involved refinding a subset of the information that was found in the first session took longer to complete and were perceived as more difficult. Participants often went directly to known resources on the Web to start their searches. These sets of known resources included many on-line counterparts of paper resources such as telephone directories, dictionaries, and newspapers. For many tasks, participants used the same starting strategy to refind the information that they used find it, indicating strong patterns of access. This work contributes to the base of knowledge about how people refind information and the factors that affect refinding. It also contributes to the research field of information refinding and personal information management by identifying dimensions and factors that affect refinding. The results reported have implications for the design of Web sites and information repositories, the design of tools to help users find and refind information, and for the research community studying personal information management. / Ph. D.
50

Getting Lost in Email: How and Why Users Spend More Time in Email than Intended

Hanrahan, Benjamin Vincent 21 January 2015 (has links)
Email has become deeply embedded in many users' daily lives. To investigate how email features in users lives, particularly how users attend to email and get lost within it, I ran five studies that probed how users determined relevancy of messages, logged interactions with email, gathered diary entries related to individual sessions, and investigated the gratifications sought from email use. For the first study, I performed an exploratory experiment in the laboratory to determine how participants assessed the importance of individual emails (N=10). The next investigation I undertook involved three different studies, which I detail individually: a survey on email usage (N=54); a two-week study of email usage (N=20); and finally, the application of Attentional Network Test (N=9). My final study was to validate my findings around the reasons for attending to email, this was done through deploying a survey that followed the Uses and Gratification Theory tradition (N=52) In my studies I found that the majority of attentional effort is around reading email and participating in conversations, as opposed to email management. I also found that participants attended to email primarily based on notifications, instead of the number of unread messages in their inbox. I present my results through answering several research questions, and leverage Conversation Analysis (CA), particularly conversation openings, to explicate several problematic aspects around email use. My findings point to inefficiencies in email as a communication medium, mainly, around how summons are (or are not) issued. This results in an increased burden on email users to maintain engagement and determine (or construct) the appropriate moment for interruption. My findings have several implications: email triage does not seem to be problematic for the participants in my studies, somewhat in contrast to previous research; much of the problem around email, particularly emph{getting lost in email} is in managing the tension between promptly responding to messages while limiting engagement with email; due to the social nature of the problems with email, modifications to the email client are limited in their potential effectiveness to prevent getting lost and reduce email related anxiety. / Ph. D.

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