Made available in DSpace on 2014-06-12T15:49:12Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 license.txt: 1748 bytes, checksum: 8a4605be74aa9ea9d79846c1fba20a33 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2008 / Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico / Qualidade da Informação (QI) tem se tornado um aspecto crítico nas organizações e em pesquisas da área de sistemas de informação. Informações de pouca qualidade podem ter impactos negativos na efetividade de uma organização. O crescimento do uso de data warehouses e acesso direto de gerentes e usários a informações obtidas de várias fontes contribuíram para o crescimento da necessidade de qualidade nas informações das empresas. A noção de QI em sistemas de informação emergiu nos últimos e vem sendo alvo de interesse cada vez maior. Não existe ainda um acordo comum acerca de uma definição da QI. Apenas um consenso de que tratase de um conceito de adequação ao uso . A informação é considerada apropriada para o uso dentro da perspectiva dos requisitos e necessidades de um usuário, ou seja, a qualidade da informação depende de sua utilidade. O acesso integrado a informações distribuídas em múltiplas fontes de dados heterogêneas, distribuídas e autônomas é um problema importante a ser resolvido em muitos domínios de aplicações. Tipicamente existem algumas formas de se obter respostas a consultas globais, sobre dados em fontes diferentes com diferentes combinações. entretanto é bastante custoso obter todas as respostas possíveis. Enquanto muita pesquisa tem sido feita em relação a processamento de consultas e seleção de planos com critérios de custo, pouco se conhece com relação ao problema de incorporar aspectos de QI em esquemas globais de sistemas de integração de dados. Neste trabalho, nós propomos a análise da QI em um sistema de integração de dados, mais especificamente a qualidade dos esquemas do sistema. O nosso principal objetivo é melhorar a qualidade da execução das consultas. Nossa proposta baseiasse na hipótese de que uma alternativa de otimizar o processamento de consultas seria a construção de esquemas com altos escores de QI. Assim, o foco deste trabalho está no desenvolvimento de mecanismos de análise da QI voltados esquemas de integração de dados, especialmente o esquema global. Inicialmente, nós construímos uma lista de critérios de QI e relacionamos estes critérios com os elementos existentes em sistemas de integração de dados. Em seguida, direcionamos o foco para o esquema integrado e especificamos formalmente critérios de qualidade de esquemas minimalidade, completude do esquema e consistência de tipo. Também especificamos um algoritmo de execução de ajustes de forma a melhorar a minimalidade e algoritmos para medir a consistência de tipo nos esquemas. Com esses experimentos conseguimos mostrar que o tempo de execução de uma consulta em um sistema de integração de dados pode diminuir se esta consulta for submetida a um esquema com escores altos de minimalidade e consistência de tipo

Over the past decade, there has been a change in the citizen–government relationship. Citizens have moved from a traditional face–to–face communication with their government, to an electronic interaction through the use of e–government systems. Emerging technology has enabled citizens to communicate with their government remotely. However, trust in e–government systems has been a problem. E–government systems lack personal interaction, and this creates resistance and uncertainty. Citizens also have a concern about turning over information to the government due to the concern that the information could be used to harm them. This predictive study was designed to determine citizens’ trust in e–government systems. In Phase one, a key list of e–government’s information quality (IQ) characteristics was developed through literature research, and via an open–ended questionnaire delivered to a focus group of about 20 citizens. After the first phase, key IQ factors that affect trust in e–government systems were determined using Keeney’s approach. IQ characteristics collected from the open–ended questionnaire in the first phase were grouped based on their similarities and categorized based on the four IQ categories proposed by Y. W. Lee (1997). In Phase two, 363 citizens were surveyed via the Internet to determine their level of trust in e–government systems. Exploratory factor analysis (EFA) via principal component analysis (PCA) was used to determine the key IQ factors that affect citizens’ trust in e–government systems. A theoretical model was proposed, and the ordinal logistic regression (OLR) statistical method was used to formulate model and test predictive power. OLR developed the predictive model using IQ factors as the independent variables and trust as the dependent variables. OLR helped determine the relative weight of each of the IQ factors when predicting user’s trust in e–government systems. Based on the results, the three IQ factors: accuracy/dependability, accessibility/completeness, and representational were confirmed to have positive weights on citizens’ trust in e–government systems. Additionally, results demonstrated that two factors – –accessibility/completeness and representational had a significant contribution to trust. Accuracy/dependability showed a positive weight on the dependent variable, trust, but was not a significant contributor to trust. Results from the Mann–Whitney U Test determined that there were no significant differences between males and females on trust in e–government systems. The study makes two important contributions to the Information Systems body of knowledge. First, it investigated the IQ factors that citizens feel are important in e–government systems. IQ is important for information systems success. IQ in e–government systems is important for persuading citizens to trust e–government systems. Second, it investigated key IQ factors contributing to citizens’ trust in e–government systems. Trust in the IQ of e–government systems is crucial to the success of such Web–based technology due to its involvement with most citizenry as users.

This dissertation examines whether simultaneously conditioning on the multidimensional characteristics of information signals can help predict returns that are of economic significance. We use large price changes, public announcements, and large volume increases to proxy for the magnitude, dissemination, and precision of information signals. Abnormal returns following large price change events are found to be unimportant. As we condition on other characteristics of information signals, the abnormal returns become large. Large price change events accompanied by both a public announcement and an increase in volume have a 20-day abnormal return of almost 2% for positive events and -1.68% for negative events. The type of news provides further refinement. If the news relates to earnings announcements, management earnings forecasts, or analyst recommendations then the 20-day abnormal returns becomes much larger: ranging from 3% to 4% for positive events and about -2.25% for negative events. For these news events, we also find that the underreaction is greater for positive (negative) event firms that underperformed (overperformed) the market in the prior period, earning 20-day post-event abnormal returns of 4.85% (-3.50%). This evidence is consistent with the Barberis, Shleifer, and Vishny (1998) model of investor sentiment that suggests that investors are slow to change their beliefs. The evidence from our sample does not provide much support for strategic trading models under information asymmetry. Finally, an out-of-sample trading strategy generates 20-day post-event statistically significant abnormal return of 2.18% for positive events and -2.40% for negative events. Net of transaction costs, the abnormal returns are a statistically significant 1.04% for positive events and a statistically significant -1.51% for negative events. / Ph. D.

Yes / The continuous use of eGovernment services is a de facto for its prosperity and success. A generalised sense of citizens' self-efficacy, expectations, and satisfaction offer opportunities for governments to further retain needed engagements. This study examines the factors influencing citizens' continuance use of eGovernment services. Through the integration of Social Cognitive Theory, Expectation Confirmation Theory, DeLone and McLean IS success model, and E-S-QUAL, a survey of 471 citizens in the UK, engaging in online public services, found that prior experience, social influence, information quality, and service quality, personal outcome expectation, and satisfaction, are significant predictors of citizens' intention to use eGovernment, when they are regulated, through citizens' self-efficacy. The present study extends the roles of pre-adoption and post-adoption by offering a self-regulating process. Therefore, it demonstrates how critical it is for the government's leaders to understand the patterns of the long-term process for electronic systems continually. / There is a corrigendum for this paper at https://doi.org/10.1016/j.giq.2020.101492. Elvira Ismagilova was not included as an author on the original record when she should have been.

There has been much advancement in the field of data and information quality (DIQ) since two decades ago. However, despite a large number of the theoretical and empirical studies in this field, there is a lack of understanding about the mechanisms and dynamics of forming, adjusting and changing organisational users’ (information consumers) assumptions and expectations based on which they perceive the quality of information required for making decision in order to perform a task within an organisational environment. Although it is already known that information consumers perceive the quality of information according to the requirements of the organisational task and the context of use, how the task requirements affect information consumers’ expectations of information quality has been a black-box in the body of literature. The main objective of this research is to contribute to the literature of DIQ by exploring the role of the setting of a task within an organisational context in the formation, development and change of information consumers’ underlying expectations of information quality. Information consumers’ assumptions and expectations are called information quality (IQ) frames by this research. Moreover, this research examines the role of IT artefacts, which are used to support performing the task, in these dynamics. As an organisational task is usually performed by a group, the role of the task group of which information consumers are members is investigated by this research. Having adopted a multi-case study design, this thesis has targeted seven different task groups in seven different organisations from multiple industries. This in-depth qualitative research also employs interviews as the main source of data and documents as the secondary source of data. The collected data and empirical evidence is analysed using the thematic analysis and pattern coding. This study’s theoretical contributions to the body of literature are as follows. Firstly, the findings indicate that information consumers should not be simply categorised into domain-specific experts or novices for understanding the mechanisms that affect their IQ frames. Regarding the domain of the task, an information consumer might have domain-related experience that differentiates him from both an expert and a novice. Moreover, this study found that the organisational-specific experience plays a significant role in these dynamics. Secondly, four different settings of a task within an organisational context have been recognised and the insights have been provided into the likely impact of each setting on IQ frames. The findings show that the setting of a task that affects IQ frames is enforced by the interplay between the degree of situatedness of the task and the degree of its explicitness. Thirdly, this research contends that the role of other members of a task group contributes directly to the setting of a task rather than directly influencing their colleague’s IQ frames. Fourthly, this thesis confirms that the organisational resource limitations and the time pressure, which were already mentioned in the literature, affect how information consumers perceive the quality of information but the empirical evidence reveals that other types of pressure such as the pressure of a competitive market has a similar role, therefore, it is argued that in general the organisational pressure impacts the way information consumers perceive information quality. However, this thesis argues that this influence is mediated by the setting of a task. In other words, the organisational pressure can increase the degree of situatedness of a task within an organisational context. Finally, the findings of this study indicate that information consumers’ interpretation of how an IT artefact enables a task within an organisational context is the key mechanism through which the IT artefact can participate in forming, adjusting or changing their IQ frames. The interpreted type of an IT artefact, its interpreted capabilities, the organisational intervention and the IT support by IT technicians of an organisations are the main four factors that govern the influence of the IT artefact on information consumers’ IQ frames. In addition, the computing environment in which the IT artefact operates in, information consumers’ level of IT knowledge and prior experience of using the IT artefact can be involved indirectly in these dynamics. The theoretical contributions of this research have led to the development of a framework for IQ frames and the underlying dynamics have been explained in detail. In addition to the theoretical contributions, this study has a number of practical implications for organisations and management regarding the importance of the organisational settings in how information quality is judged by organisational users (information consumers).

The improvements of technical documents quality influence the popularity of its relevant product; as the customers do not like to waste their time in the help desk’s queue, they will be more satisfied if they can independently solve their problems through the technical manuals in an acceptable time. Moreover, the cost of support issues will decrease for the product providers. In addition, the help desk team members could have more time to support the rest of unresolved issues in a better-qualified way. To afford the mentioned benefits, we have done the current thesis to estimate the usability of the documents before publishing them. As the result of such prediction, the technical documentation writers could have a goal-driven approach to improve the quality of their products or services’ manuals. Furthermore, as different structural metrics have been observed in this research, the result of the thesis could create an opportunity to have multi-discipline improvement in Information Quality (IQ) process management.

This thesis focuses on investigating the relationship between improvements in information quality and the benefits and performance of e-Government organisations. As information quality is a multidimensional measure, it is very crucial to determine what aspects of it are critical to organisations to help them to devise effective information quality improvement strategies. These strategies are potentially capable of changing government organisational structures and business processes. To develop effective information quality improvement strategies, it is important to explore the relationships between information quality (‘cause’) and organisational benefits and performance (‘effect’). The limited research on information quality and organisations performance focuses on private sectors and pays little attention to governments and public organisations. To the best of the author’s knowledge, there is no single study which covers the relationships between information quality and organisations performance in Kuwait. E-Government success literature has rarely investigated information quality as a contributor to the success of e-Government initiatives. This thesis makes a step forward and contributes to the body of knowledge by examining the nature, direction and strength of the connections between information quality and the success of e-Government initiatives as it proposes and discusses a conceptual model (Figure 3.6) and contextual framework by means of which organisations performance and information quality research can be viewed. This thesis adopts a hypothetic-deductive and inductive approach with mixed methods, to conduct the present study. Quantitative and qualitative methods were then utilised to empirically validate the conceptual framework. The author claims that the relationships between information quality and strategic benefits along with institutional value were in upright agreement. Similarly, both qualitative and quantitative analyses highlighted that improvement in different aspects of information quality can lead to a better organisational image. Usability and usefulness attributes of information quality came on the top of the key influencers on both strategic benefits and institutional value. Furthermore, analyses highlighted some differences among information sharing participants’ views regarding the relationship between constructs investigated in this research. Figure 6.5 presents a revised research model including the new constructs, such as, cost savings, improved decision-making, and increased citizen satisfaction, which have been found to be affected by information quality and affect organisational performance.

<p><strong>Abstract</strong></p><p><strong>Title:                           </strong>What is the interaction between information providers and decision makers like? A case study on management accounting in Swedbank.</p><p><strong>Course:                              </strong>Master’s thesis in Business economics, 15 ECTS.</p><p><strong>Date:                                                        </strong>2009-06-01</p><p><strong>Authors:                            </strong>Daoud Ghorbandi and George Tekmen</p><p><strong>Supervisor:                        </strong>Paula Liukkonen</p><p><strong>Language:                         </strong>Swedish</p><p><strong>Purpose:</strong>        The purpose of the paper is to study the relationship between information providers and decision makers regarding the quality of information for economic decision-making in companies.</p><p><strong>Method:                     </strong>The authors use the qualitative method approach. The essay's primary data consists of data collected through interviews, while the literature that the authors have made use of for the interpretation and analysis of the paper form the essay’s secondary data.</p><p><strong>Theory:                      </strong>It includes a main theory and four other theories supporting the paper. The main theory is the agent theory, while theories on information quality, the theory of outsourcing of management accounting, theories of calculation methods and regulations on management accounting is to support the analysis and conclusions made in the paper.</p><p><strong>Empirical base:          </strong>Interview Responses forming the essay’s primary data is presented in its entirety in this chapter.</p><p><strong>Conclusions:</strong>              The authors conclude that there are no major problems or obstacles in terms of internal management accounting in Swedbank, at least not in the departments such as the HR and the GF. The authors note that there are no significant communication problems between information providers and decision makers within Swedbank in particular between the investigated departments. The information that the decision makers are provided with is considered as sufficient to base rational decisions on, although there is a desire for improved information. The authors have concluded that both agents and principals within the investigated departments in Swedbank behave professionally and responsibly. Information security and quality of the information is taken very seriously in Swedbank and there are established procedures and good structure and culture within Swedbank guaranteeing secure information with high quality. The authors also believe that the code of conduct is more regulated by the law, sanctioning punishments, than the American or British counterpart, which reduces the risk of adventure thinking of corporate managers and majority shareholders, not least in terms of Swedbank.</p><p><strong>Key words:  </strong>Internal Accounting, information quality, information exchange.</p>

Abstract Title:                           What is the interaction between information providers and decision makers like? A case study on management accounting in Swedbank. Course:                              Master’s thesis in Business economics, 15 ECTS. Date:                                                        2009-06-01 Authors:                            Daoud Ghorbandi and George Tekmen Supervisor:                        Paula Liukkonen Language:                         Swedish Purpose:        The purpose of the paper is to study the relationship between information providers and decision makers regarding the quality of information for economic decision-making in companies. Method:                     The authors use the qualitative method approach. The essay's primary data consists of data collected through interviews, while the literature that the authors have made use of for the interpretation and analysis of the paper form the essay’s secondary data. Theory:                      It includes a main theory and four other theories supporting the paper. The main theory is the agent theory, while theories on information quality, the theory of outsourcing of management accounting, theories of calculation methods and regulations on management accounting is to support the analysis and conclusions made in the paper. Empirical base:          Interview Responses forming the essay’s primary data is presented in its entirety in this chapter. Conclusions:              The authors conclude that there are no major problems or obstacles in terms of internal management accounting in Swedbank, at least not in the departments such as the HR and the GF. The authors note that there are no significant communication problems between information providers and decision makers within Swedbank in particular between the investigated departments. The information that the decision makers are provided with is considered as sufficient to base rational decisions on, although there is a desire for improved information. The authors have concluded that both agents and principals within the investigated departments in Swedbank behave professionally and responsibly. Information security and quality of the information is taken very seriously in Swedbank and there are established procedures and good structure and culture within Swedbank guaranteeing secure information with high quality. The authors also believe that the code of conduct is more regulated by the law, sanctioning punishments, than the American or British counterpart, which reduces the risk of adventure thinking of corporate managers and majority shareholders, not least in terms of Swedbank. Key words:  Internal Accounting, information quality, information exchange.

<p>In this work, the quality of information in the Internet and intranet will be dealt with. What characterises information of quality cannot be decided ones and for all, as it always will be in relation to the user's needs. The factors, however, that can be thought of when evaluating information can be outlined. These factors will be discussed and compared to the methods that are used by web editors to secure quality of the information in the intranet.</p><p>The methods used to investigate the paper's thesis, are the study of literature and three interviews are conducted. The study of literature is meant to reveal the aspects that can be considered when evaluating information published via the Internet and intranet. The interviews are conducted to see how web editors secure that the information in the intranet is of high quality.</p><p>The study has revealed that the following aspects can be considered when evaluating information in the Internet and intranet. These aspects are the purpose of the information; the information's authority; the accuracy, maintenance, and currency of the information and last, the accessibility and presentation of the information.</p>