Action research¡XImplementing Knowledge Management for innovative teaching in Elementary Schools Lu-shu Ping Abstuact Education is a process of guiding learning, communication, knowledge exploration, and implementing knowledge to increase values. Experts have been calling for implementing Knowledge Management as a crucial factor to innovate teaching and to maintain excellence in an educational institute. Especially the prevailing trend of Grade 1-9 Curriculum, students have become the center of a classroom, and daily-life experience has been the focus of curriculum guidelines. This innovative curriculum reform has brought great impact on schools and teachers. Therefore, this research aims to find out how elementary school teachers use Knowledge Management to promote innovative teaching and learning process, to construct a Knowledge Management environment, to implement the functioning and development of Knowledge Management, to increase teachers¡¦ expertise and teaching confidence, to fulfill the curriculum guidelines of innovative teaching in the Grade 1-9 Curriculum, to alter the learning culture in an educational institute, to clarify teaching methodology, to encourage teachers to innovate teaching, and to bring out the best of every student. There are four goals for this Knowledge Management in Shin-Shin Elementary School: 1. To create a beneficial and positive environment for Knowledge Management in Shin-shin elementary school; 2. To discuss the functioning factors for Knowledge Management in Shin-shin Elementary School; 3. To analyze the process, reflections, and influences of applying Knowledge Management in Shin-shin Elementary School; 4. To make a conclusion based on the research findings, and propose concrete suggestions for other schools to apply; In this action research team, there are 6 teachers from the Knowledge Group, 4 formal teachers, one student teacher, and one substitute teacher. They used interpretive action research, and the researchers played the roles of ¡§group leader¡¨ and ¡§knowledge chief.¡¨ Also, they are promoters of knowledge management and observers of different styles of teaching. They jotted down and recorded all the teaching process, categorized the records and shared the information through the Internet. Furthermore, they discreetly recorded the observing journals and reflection journals, held curriculum conference and teaching demonstration meeting, communicated and shared information with one another, and finally used Triangular Examination to proofread those data to increase reliability in analysis. The following are the conclusions and suggestions we have from this research. Constructing Knowledge Management 1. Sufficient knowledge of communication to create a common sense of Knowledge Management at school. 2. Choose assistants to deal with details and filing. 3. Create a cooperative and sharing culture, and the premise for this is to cultivate an open and trusting atmosphere. 4. Use every Wednesday to enhance teachers¡¦ information of Knowledge Management. 5. Make use of the advantages in the organization, integrate resources, and set up network environment. 6. Use the budget well to renew appliances in information technology. Operating Knowledge Management 1. Build up the entrance to Knowledge Map. 2. Use outside resources as knowledge data. 3. Cultivate prospects as Information-Seed-Group. 4. Set up encouragement and bonus strategies to execute Knowledge Management. 5. Assign appropriate Knowledge Chief to assist with teaching information sharing. 6. Do research and interview carefully before choosing candidates for Knowledge Group. Process and Reflection 1. Teachers who are engaged with knowledge learning group should be full of motivation to learn and grow. 2. Sharing teaching experience is the result of making implicit knowledge explicit. 3. Using knowledge management to enhance teachers¡¦ innovative teaching. 4. Organize Knowledge Group to share thematic instruction design, integrated curriculum, and new models of innovative teaching. 5. Using classroom observation indicators to find out teachers¡¦ creative teaching. 6. It is a qualitative change for teachers to better develop expertise and innovative ideas. Factors that influence teachers to engage in knowledge management and teaching innovation 1. Teachers¡¦ positive attitude to engage in cyber-learning. 2. To make teachers¡¦ implicit knowledge explicit. 3. The leading and coordinating of the Knowledge Chief. 4. The spiral system created by personal and organizational knowledge 5. The knowledge and power stored in the database system 6. Teachers¡¦ expertise and professional awareness 7. The effects of promoting Knowledge Management and teaching innovation Suggestions 1. It is beneficial for personal knowledge management and teaching innovation when both researchers and teachers cooperate in Action Research. 2. Every teacher should be a Knowledge Manager. 3. Organize the environment and mindset for Knowledge Management, cultivate the knowledge learning culture, and store sufficient power for knowledge database. 4. Operate Knowledge Management, fulfill curriculum and teaching contents in order to share and innovate. 5. Find out like-minded members who are strongly motivated for innovative teaching, and it will be smoother and easier to achieve the goal. 6. Use school meeting to design related procedures for Knowledge Management and invite experts for counseling and guidance to promote teachers¡¦ professional expertise in teaching innovation. 7. Develop a system of indicators for Knowledge Management for one¡¦s own school, so that we can evaluate the results of the research and innovation. 8. It is feasible for schools to use knowledge management to promote teaching innovation.

The  purpose  of  this  study  is  to  identify  and  analyze  reoccurring  insights  in Entrepreneurship  Education  (EE)  literature,  fill  gaps  in  the  scholarly  discussion,  and develop innovative teaching tools for entrepreneurship educators. The study is based on an in-depth  review  of  the  current  EE  literature  drawing  on  insights  from  about  70  studies. The analysis finds a clear need for: EE on the university level; clear goals and objectives; clear  program  descriptions;  a  more  practical  orientation;  and  true  alumni  networks. Additionally it finds that EE should be interdisciplinary, student-centered, practical, as well as containing strong elements of reflection, support, and networking. These findings are a valuable  resource  for  educators  interested  in  innovative  teaching  practices  and entrepreneurship  program  design  in  a  university  context.  This  paper  develops  three suggestions  on  the  use  of  innovative  teaching  practices,  namely  a  course  on  business models,  an  adapted  form  of  business  simulation  with  a  focus  on  cross-disciplinary networking, and a comprehensive class in entrepreneurial venturing that takes the student through all steps of establishing and growing a business.

本文是創新成語教學的行動研究，目的在透過創新教學的實際行動，提高學生學習成語的興趣，並使學生能了解成語的真正意涵，進而能正確的運用成語。本研究活動進行時間為民國104年(一學年)，以研究者任教學校內、常態分班下的某一九年級班級全體學生作為研究對象，並利用創新成語教學問卷調查表、成語前測、座位觀察表、成語學習狀況調查表、創新成語教學活動後測為研究工具，與觀察法、前後測、問卷調查法、訪談法的研究方式進行研究。由研究者統計分析後， 此次的研究結果： （一） 創新的成語教學方式能提高學生學習成語的興趣 （二） 創新的成語教學方式能使學生了解成語的真正意涵 （三） 創新的成語教學方式能提升學生的成語運用能力 本研究最後根據研究結果提出相關的建議與省思，以及研究發生的困難。所得研究結果可供未來教學與相關研究參考。

Em 1948, a cidade de Ribeirão Preto foi contemplada com uma faculdade de medicina, a Faculdade de Medicina de Ribeirão Preto (FMRP), cujas primeiras aulas foram ministradas em maio de 1952. Desde sempre, essa faculdade se dedicou à pesquisa e à formação pós-graduada, no entanto, a formação oferecida durante o ensino médico de graduação nunca deixou de ser uma preocupação constante. Mesmo tendo sofrido uma extensa reforma curricular, aprovada em 1992, implantada em 1993 e completada em 1998, o curso de ciências médicas da FMRP sofreu, após a aprovação das novas diretrizes curriculares nacionais para cursos de medicina, em 2001, uma revisão curricular, aprovada, em 2007, e implementada, em 2008, que determinou o desenvolvimento de atividades de forma articulada ao longo dos anos pela introdução de eixos longitudinais de formação. A Atenção à Saúde da Comunidade I ou, simplesmente, ASCI, foi a primeira disciplina do eixo Atenção à Saúde da Família e da Comunidade. Este estudo teve por objetivo realizar uma avaliação discente da disciplina ASCI, em seu primeiro ano de inclusão na grade curricular, identificando o que deveria permanecer, o que requereria aperfeiçoamento e o que deveria ser abandonado, obtendo, ainda, sugestões que permitissem introduzir, nos próximos anos, mudanças que aumentassem a efetividade do processo ensino-aprendizagem dos estudantes. Considerando a complexidade do objeto a ser estudado, uma abordagem metodológica quantitativaqualitativa que permitisse tanto a identificação de indicadores e tendências quantificáveis quanto de percepções e sugestões, foi adotada. A população de estudo escolhida foi: todos os estudantes do curso de ciências médicas da FMRP matriculados na disciplina ASCI, no ano de 2008, totalizando 103 indivíduos. Optouse pela construção de um instrumento de coleta de dados específico para essa pesquisa composto por: um questionário estruturado auto-aplicável capaz de caracterizar a população e quantificar as percepções discentes sobre cada variável estudada, uma questão não estruturada, destinada a captar evidências sobre a construção de um novo conhecimento a respeito da promoção da saúde e prevenção de doenças em uma comunidade, e um espaço para comentários e sugestões sobre a disciplina. Para a etapa quantitativa do estudo, foram escolhidas 9 como variáveis as características da disciplina: objetivo, metodologia de ensinoaprendizagem, conteúdos, diversificação de cenários, aprendizagem por meio de vivências, interação com a comunidade, tutoria, divisão em pequenos grupos, discussões em grupo, comunicação mediada por computador, metodologias de avaliação e carga horária. A coleta de dados ocorreu entre os dias 24 de novembro e 02 de dezembro de 2008. Os resultados quantitativos obtidos apontaram altos índices de aprovação discente à disciplina e os qualitativos, a construção de uma percepção discente adequada aos objetivos educacionais da disciplina incluindo a modificação do conceito sobre saúde e a aproximação entre discentes e seu futuro objeto de trabalho. Além disso, a população estudada demonstrou grande preocupação em contribuir para que a disciplina se tornasse, durante os próximos anos, ainda mais efetiva no cumprimento de seu objetivo educacional. / In 1948, the town of Ribeirão Preto was benefit by a faculty of medicine, the Faculdade de Medicina de Ribeirão Preto (FMRP), whose first classes were taught on May, 1952. Historically, this faculty has been focused in research and postgraduation training, however, the training offered during the medical graduation has always been a frequent concern. Even after an extensive curricular reforming, which was approved in 1992, introduced in 1993 and completed in 1998, the FMRP Medical Sciences Course passed through a curricular revision; that happened in consequence of the approval of the new national curriculum guidelines for courses in medicine in 2001, agreed in 2007, and implemented in 2008, which determined the articulated activities development over the years by the introduction of longitudinal axes of training. The Atenção à Saúde da Comunidade I (Attention to the Communitys Health I) or, simply, ASCI, was the first subject from the axis Atenção à Saúde da Família e da Comunidade (Attention to Family and Communitys Health). This study aims to perform a students assessment of the subject ASCI in its first year of curricular inclusion, identifying what should remain, what should be improved and what should be forsaken, obtaining, yet, suggestions that would permit to introduce, in the years to come, changes that would increase the students teaching and learning process effectiveness. Considering the complexity of the object to be studied, a quantitative and qualitative approach, that would allow even the identification of indicators and quantifying trends or perceptions and suggestions, was adopted. The chosen population for this study was: all the FMRP Medical Sciences course students enrolled in the subject ASCI, in the year of 2008, adding up 103 people. It was chosen for this research the construction of a specific data collection instrument composed by: a self applicable structured questionnaire that was able to characterize the population and quantify the students perceptions about each variable studied; a non-structured question, designated to absorb evidence about the construction of a new knowledge area concerning the health promotion and prevention of illnesses in a community; and a space for comments and suggestions about the subject. For the quantitative step of this study, were chosen as variables these subjects features: objective, teaching and learning methods, contents, scenery 11 diversification, learning through experience, interacting with the community, mentoring, working in small groups, group discussions, computer mediated communication, assessment methods and working hours. The data collection occurred between the days November 24th and December 2nd, 2008. The obtained quantitative results reveal high approval rates of the students in the subject and the qualitative demonstrated the students construction of a perception that corresponds to the educational aims of the subject, including the change in their concept about health and the approximation between them and their future work object. Besides, the studied population demonstrated a big concern in contributing so the subject would became, over the years, even more effective as fulfilling its educational goals.

Em 1948, a cidade de Ribeirão Preto foi contemplada com uma faculdade de medicina, a Faculdade de Medicina de Ribeirão Preto (FMRP), cujas primeiras aulas foram ministradas em maio de 1952. Desde sempre, essa faculdade se dedicou à pesquisa e à formação pós-graduada, no entanto, a formação oferecida durante o ensino médico de graduação nunca deixou de ser uma preocupação constante. Mesmo tendo sofrido uma extensa reforma curricular, aprovada em 1992, implantada em 1993 e completada em 1998, o curso de ciências médicas da FMRP sofreu, após a aprovação das novas diretrizes curriculares nacionais para cursos de medicina, em 2001, uma revisão curricular, aprovada, em 2007, e implementada, em 2008, que determinou o desenvolvimento de atividades de forma articulada ao longo dos anos pela introdução de eixos longitudinais de formação. A Atenção à Saúde da Comunidade I ou, simplesmente, ASCI, foi a primeira disciplina do eixo Atenção à Saúde da Família e da Comunidade. Este estudo teve por objetivo realizar uma avaliação discente da disciplina ASCI, em seu primeiro ano de inclusão na grade curricular, identificando o que deveria permanecer, o que requereria aperfeiçoamento e o que deveria ser abandonado, obtendo, ainda, sugestões que permitissem introduzir, nos próximos anos, mudanças que aumentassem a efetividade do processo ensino-aprendizagem dos estudantes. Considerando a complexidade do objeto a ser estudado, uma abordagem metodológica quantitativaqualitativa que permitisse tanto a identificação de indicadores e tendências quantificáveis quanto de percepções e sugestões, foi adotada. A população de estudo escolhida foi: todos os estudantes do curso de ciências médicas da FMRP matriculados na disciplina ASCI, no ano de 2008, totalizando 103 indivíduos. Optouse pela construção de um instrumento de coleta de dados específico para essa pesquisa composto por: um questionário estruturado auto-aplicável capaz de caracterizar a população e quantificar as percepções discentes sobre cada variável estudada, uma questão não estruturada, destinada a captar evidências sobre a construção de um novo conhecimento a respeito da promoção da saúde e prevenção de doenças em uma comunidade, e um espaço para comentários e sugestões sobre a disciplina. Para a etapa quantitativa do estudo, foram escolhidas 9 como variáveis as características da disciplina: objetivo, metodologia de ensinoaprendizagem, conteúdos, diversificação de cenários, aprendizagem por meio de vivências, interação com a comunidade, tutoria, divisão em pequenos grupos, discussões em grupo, comunicação mediada por computador, metodologias de avaliação e carga horária. A coleta de dados ocorreu entre os dias 24 de novembro e 02 de dezembro de 2008. Os resultados quantitativos obtidos apontaram altos índices de aprovação discente à disciplina e os qualitativos, a construção de uma percepção discente adequada aos objetivos educacionais da disciplina incluindo a modificação do conceito sobre saúde e a aproximação entre discentes e seu futuro objeto de trabalho. Além disso, a população estudada demonstrou grande preocupação em contribuir para que a disciplina se tornasse, durante os próximos anos, ainda mais efetiva no cumprimento de seu objetivo educacional. / In 1948, the town of Ribeirão Preto was benefit by a faculty of medicine, the Faculdade de Medicina de Ribeirão Preto (FMRP), whose first classes were taught on May, 1952. Historically, this faculty has been focused in research and postgraduation training, however, the training offered during the medical graduation has always been a frequent concern. Even after an extensive curricular reforming, which was approved in 1992, introduced in 1993 and completed in 1998, the FMRP Medical Sciences Course passed through a curricular revision; that happened in consequence of the approval of the new national curriculum guidelines for courses in medicine in 2001, agreed in 2007, and implemented in 2008, which determined the articulated activities development over the years by the introduction of longitudinal axes of training. The Atenção à Saúde da Comunidade I (Attention to the Communitys Health I) or, simply, ASCI, was the first subject from the axis Atenção à Saúde da Família e da Comunidade (Attention to Family and Communitys Health). This study aims to perform a students assessment of the subject ASCI in its first year of curricular inclusion, identifying what should remain, what should be improved and what should be forsaken, obtaining, yet, suggestions that would permit to introduce, in the years to come, changes that would increase the students teaching and learning process effectiveness. Considering the complexity of the object to be studied, a quantitative and qualitative approach, that would allow even the identification of indicators and quantifying trends or perceptions and suggestions, was adopted. The chosen population for this study was: all the FMRP Medical Sciences course students enrolled in the subject ASCI, in the year of 2008, adding up 103 people. It was chosen for this research the construction of a specific data collection instrument composed by: a self applicable structured questionnaire that was able to characterize the population and quantify the students perceptions about each variable studied; a non-structured question, designated to absorb evidence about the construction of a new knowledge area concerning the health promotion and prevention of illnesses in a community; and a space for comments and suggestions about the subject. For the quantitative step of this study, were chosen as variables these subjects features: objective, teaching and learning methods, contents, scenery 11 diversification, learning through experience, interacting with the community, mentoring, working in small groups, group discussions, computer mediated communication, assessment methods and working hours. The data collection occurred between the days November 24th and December 2nd, 2008. The obtained quantitative results reveal high approval rates of the students in the subject and the qualitative demonstrated the students construction of a perception that corresponds to the educational aims of the subject, including the change in their concept about health and the approximation between them and their future work object. Besides, the studied population demonstrated a big concern in contributing so the subject would became, over the years, even more effective as fulfilling its educational goals.

本研究旨在了解新北市立國民中學校長變革領導與教師創新教學之現況，以及分析校長變革領導與教師創新教學之關係。研究方法係採問卷調查法，使用之研究工具為「國民中學校長變革領導與教師創新教學之研究」問卷，寄發49 所學校共780 份問卷，回收有效問卷615份進行分析。統計分析之方法為描述性統計分析、獨立樣本t 考驗、單因子變異數分析、皮爾遜積差相關、多元迴歸分析。 本研究的研究發現如下: 一、新北市立國民中學教師對於校長變革認知程度屬於中高程度，其中 以「建立變革願景」層面之認知程度最高。 二、新北市立國民中學教師對於校長變革領導認知程度，以男性教師、 資深教師、年長教師、兼任主任職務之教師認知程度較高。 三、新北市立國民中學教師在創新教學實施現況良好，各分層面之實施現況差異不大，但以「教師教學創新」層面得分最高。 四、新北市立國民中學教師在創新教學實施現況，以初任教師、資深教師、兼任主任之教師實施程度較高，尤其初任教師表現令人驚艷。 五、校長變革領導五個層面與教師創新教學整體及各層面有顯著正相關。 六、校長變革領導五個層面對教師創新教學整體具預測力。 最後，本研究依據研究結果提出相關之建議，以供教育行政機關及國民中學校長、教師之參考。 關鍵字:校長變革領導、教師創新教學 / The purpose of this study is two-fold: first, to assess the current status of innovative teaching practices and the principals’ transformational leadership at municipal junior high schools in New Taipei City; and second, to verify their relationship. This questionnaire survey was adopted as the research tool and the "Study of Innovative Teaching Practices and Principals’ Transformational Leadership at Municipal Junior High Schools" questionnaire is specifically designed for this study. 780 questionnaires were sent out to 49 schools, and 615 effective samples were collected for analysis. The statistical analysis techniques selected for this study include Descriptive Statistics, Independent Samples t-test, One-Way ANOVA, Pearson product-moment correlation and Multiple Regression Analysis The study results are as follows: 1. Junior high school teachers in New Taipei City exhibited a mid-to-high level of perception toward principals’ transformational leadership, and among all dimensions, the vision establishment dimension was observed to have the highest level of perception. 2. Among all teachers surveyed, male teachers, senior teachers, older teachers, and teachers who also serve as directors exhibited a higher level of perception toward principals’ transformational leadership. 3. In terms of innovative teaching practices, it was observed that teachers at municipal junior high schools in New Taipei City performed fairly well. No large diversity was observed across all dimensions, but the teacher teaching innovation dimension has the highest score. 4. In terms of innovative teaching practices among teachers at municipal junior high schools in New Taipei City, the beginning teachers, senior teachers and teachers who also serve as directors exhibited a higher level of performance, but beginning teachers have exhibited an astonishing level of performance. 5. The five dimensions under the principals’ transformational leadership are positively and significantly correlated to innovative teaching practices and all its dimensions. 6. The five dimensions of principals’ transformational leadership can be used to predict innovative teaching practices. Finally, based on the study results, this research proposed relevant suggestions as reference for school administrative and supervisory organizations, principals and teachers at municipal junior high schools. Keywords: Principals’ Transformational Leadership, Innovative Teaching Practices

Στη διατριβή αυτή παρουσιάζονται τα αποτελέσματα έρευνας σχετικής με το σχεδιασμό, εφαρμογή και αξιολόγηση μιας διδακτικής ακολουθίας για την έννοια της ενέργειας η οποία απευθύνεται σε μαθη-τές/τριες της ε΄ τάξης του ελληνικού δημοτικού σχολείου. Η διδακτική αυτή ακολουθία βασίζεται στις αρχές της ‘καινοτομικής’ και ‘εποικοδομητικής’ προσέγγισης για τη διδασκαλία και μάθηση των φυσι-κών επιστημών και εξετάζονται αφ’ ενός τα επιστημολογικά χαρακτηριστικά του εννοιολογικού περιε-χομένου της ακολουθίας αυτής και αφ’ ετέρου αν μπορεί να οδηγήσει μαθητές/τριες αυτής της εκπαι-δευτικής βαθμίδας να εμφανίσουν γνωστική πρόοδο στο συγκεκριμένο θέμα. Σύμφωνα με τα αποτελέ-σματα της έρευνας, εκτιμάται ότι το ‘μοντέλο των ενεργειακών αλυσίδων’ αποτελεί ένα επιστημολογικά έγκυρο, συμβατό προς τις γνωστικές δυνατότητες των παιδιών και διδακτικά αποτελεσματικό διδακτικό μετασχηματισμό της επιστημονικής γνώσης σε σχολική γνώση. Πιο συγκεκριμένα, παρέχονται ενδείξεις σύμφωνα με τις οποίες οι μαθητές/τριες μετά το πέρας της σχετικής διδασκαλίας είναι δυνατόν να οι-κοδομήσουν τόσο στο ποιοτικό όσο και στο ποσοτικό επίπεδο ένα ενεργειακό μοντέλο με το οποίο (α) να περιγράφουν χρησιμοποιώντας την έννοια της ενέργειας, τόσο στο ποιοτικό όσο και στο ποσοτικό επίπεδο, τη λειτουργία απλών τεχνολογικών συστημάτων όπου εμπλέκονται μηχανικά, θερμικά και η-λεκτρικά φαινόμενα, (β) να μετρούν ποσότητες ενέργειας σε απλά τεχνολογικά συστήματα του σχολι-κού εργαστηρίου και (γ) να περιγράφουν, εξηγούν και προβλέπουν την ενεργειακή συμπεριφορά οικια-κών τεχνολογικών συστημάτων. / In this thesis, the results of a research concerning the planning, application and evaluation of a teaching sequence as far as the concept of energy is concerned, are featured. This teaching sequence is addressed to fifth grade pupils of Greek primary schools and it relies on the principles of ‘innovative’ and ‘construc-tive’ approach for the teaching and learning of science. On one hand, the epistemological features of the conceptual content of the sequence are being examined and on the other hand, it is argued whether pu-pils can be led to developing cognitive progress on this specific issue. According to the findings of this research, it is estimated that the ‘model of energy chains’ is scientifically valid and compatible to the cognitive capabilities of the pupils. It is an effective teaching model which transforms the scientific knowledge into school knowledge. More specifically, there are indications that the pupils, after completing this teaching course are capable of developing an energy model which is both qualitative and quantitative, so as to be able to: (a) describe the function of simple technological systems which include mechanical, thermal and electrical phenomena, by using the concept of energy both in a qualitative and quantitative level, (b) measure energy quantities in simple technological sys-tems of the school laboratory and (c) describe, explain and predict the energy behaviour of domestic technological systems.

Diploma thesis deals with methods of communication and stylistic education at the elementary school, specifically in the second class. The main aim is to create a stack of methods for this subject which will be effectively applicable in practice. The task is divided into theoretical and empirical part. The theoretical one has six chapters. Five of them characterize notions connected to the topic, definitions, conception of communication and stylistic education in past and nowadays. They also submit principles, content and goal of this component. The sixth chapter presents different categorization described in scholarly literature. It compares described systems and it apprizes with available methods. The empirical part is dedicated to the stack of communication and stylistic education methods that is possible to use in specific lessons. It has been based on analysis of scientific literature, own class observation and it is complemented by innovative teaching methods. In the end of thesis we discuss about available material for teachers, the efficiency of created method, advantages of created stack and its usage in future.

Submitted by William Paiva (williampaiva17@hotmail.com) on 2015-04-10T16:20:59Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Daniele Simões Borges.pdf: 1416481 bytes, checksum: 8bf554e8471ed6f231008136ca11385c (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Vitor de Carvalho (vitor_carvalho_im@hotmail.com) on 2015-04-10T18:25:53Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 Daniele Simões Borges.pdf: 1416481 bytes, checksum: 8bf554e8471ed6f231008136ca11385c (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2015-04-10T18:25:53Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Daniele Simões Borges.pdf: 1416481 bytes, checksum: 8bf554e8471ed6f231008136ca11385c (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013 / Nesta dissertação, investigamos as inovações no ensino e a organização do ensino inovador no contexto da Universidade Federal do Rio Grande-FURG. A pesquisa, de natureza qualitativa, epistemologicamente fundamentada na complexidade, objetivou: a) investigar e analisar os processos de indução à inovação do ensino universitário, bem como as atividades didático-pedagógicas propostas nos projetos de ensino da Universidade Federal do Rio Grande-FURG; b) investigar as vivências e as percepções dos alunos, dos cursos de licenciatura, vinculados ao ensino das ciências da natureza, sobre as inovações no ensino universitário, destacando os docentes que evidenciaram esta perspectiva em seu processo formativo; c) investigar e compreender as concepções e as experiências didáticas inovadoras dos professores atuantes nos cursos de licenciatura vinculados ao ensino das ciências da natureza; d) analisar as potencialidades das inovações no ensino para a reestruturação permanente dos fundamentos epistemológicos da docência universitária, com vistas à organização do ensino inovador. A metodologia desta pesquisa, construída estrategicamente em consonância com a própria construção do nosso conhecimento acerca da temática (MORIN, 2011), foi estruturada a partir de três movimentos: primeiramente, foi realizado um estudo documental, por meio da Análise de Conteúdo (BARDIN,1977; FRANCO, 2008), de 163 projetos de ensino, inscritos em um edital específico da Universidade Federal do Rio Grande, no ano de 2011. Deste estudo, emergiram três grandes eixos de práticas de ensino inovadoras: a) atividades práticas; b) novas tecnologias e c) metodologias inovadoras. Em continuidade ao estudo, foi realizado o segundo movimento, de cunho exploratório-descritivo (TRIVIÑOS, 1987), junto aos cursos de licenciatura em Pedagogia, Química, Física e Ciências Biológicas da universidade. Nesse momento, participaram da produção dos dados da pesquisa quarenta estudantes do último ano dos referidos cursos. Foi utilizado como recurso metodológico um questionário composto por questões abertas e fechadas, no qual os estudantes deveriam elencar elementos e atividades do sistema didático que percebem como inovações e indicar os docentes considerados inovadores, bem como os motivos que conferiram a esse tal reconhecimento. Após, foi realizada a análise, também balisada pela Análise de Conteúdo. Os estudantes anunciaram como inovações no ensino a relação teoria-prática, o domínio dos conteúdos, o ensino de procedimentos, as diferentes metodologias, a contextualização, a problematização, a interdisciplinaridade, a pesquisa e as relações interpessoais. Ainda a partir da análise dos questionários, foram indicados seis professores considerados inovadores. Esta indicação dos sujeitos da pesquisa direcionou o terceiro movimento que se ancora, metodologicamente, na investigação narrativa (CONNELLY e CLANDININ, 2000; LARROSA, 1996), realizada com seis professores. As narrativas revelaram um esforço para a mudança do ensino universitário, manifestando emergências que subsidiaram a criação de quatro princípios de um ensino inovador: a interação e a religação, o planejamento, a ação estratégica e a auto-hetero-avaliação. A partir dessa produção e análise dos dados, elegemos quatro eixos que, complementarmente, expressam as emergências desse estudo: sistema didático inovador, interação e conhecimento, programa e estratégia, RE da reorganização e da reforma do pensamento. Estas emergências procuram colocar em relevo nossas compreensões organizadas a partir das interações entre as partes (os dados) e o todo (a dissertação). / In this paper, we investigate the innovations in teaching and the innovative teaching organization in the context of the Federal University of Rio Grande – FURG. The research, which is qualitative, epistemologically grounded in complexity, aimed: A) to investigate and analyze the processes leading to innovation of university education, as well as didactic and pedagogical activities offered on education projects at the Federal University of Rio Grande – FURG. B) To investigate the experiences and perceptions of students, from the graduation courses, linked to the teaching of natural sciences, about the innovations in university education, highlighting the teachers who showed this perspective in their formation process; C) To investigate and understand the conceptions and the innovative didactic experiences of the active teachers on the graduation courses related to the natural sciences teaching; D) To analyze the potential of innovations in teaching for the permanent restructuring of the epistemological foundations of university teaching, with a view to the organization of innovative teaching. The methodology of this research, built strategically in line with the actual construction of our knowledge about the theme (MORIN, 2011) was structured from three movements: first, a documentary study was made, through content analysis (BARDIN, 1977; FRANCO, 2008), 163 projects education, enrolled in a specific call from the Federal University of Rio Grande in 2011. This study revealed three major center lines of innovative teaching practices: a) practical activities, b) new technologies and c) innovative methodologies. Continuing the study, it was made the second movement, which was exploratory-descriptive (TRIVIÑOS, 1987), together with the degree courses in Pedagogy, Chemistry, Physics and Biological Sciences of the university. At that time, forty final year students of these courses took part in the production of research data. It was used as a methodological resource a survey composed by open and closed questions, in which students were expected to list elements and activities of the educational system they perceive as innovations and indicate teachers considered innovative, as well as the reasons that gave them such recognition. Then, an analysis was performed also grounded by Content Analysis. Students announced as innovations in teaching the theory-practice, mastering of content, the teaching of procedures, the different methodologies, contextualization, the questioning, interdisciplinarity, the research and interpersonal relationships. Still from the surveys, were indicated six teachers considered to be innovative. This indication of the research subjects directed the third movement that is grounded, methodologically, in narrative inquiry (CLANDININ and CONNELLY, 2000; LARROSA, 1996), conducted with six teachers. The narratives revealed an effort to change the university education, demonstrating emergencies that supported the creation of four principles of innovative education: interaction and reattachment, planning, strategic action and self-hetero- evaluation. From this production and data analysis, we chose four areas that, complementarily, express the emergencies of this study: innovative didactic system, knowledge and interaction, program and strategy, RE of the reorganization and reform of thought. These emergencies try to contrast our organized understandings from the interactions between the parties (the data) and the whole (the dissertation).

Individual personality traits of pre-service teachers may have a significant influence on their confidence in teaching. Confidence in teaching does not always align with the experience of pre-service teachers. simSchool enables transformational experiences for teacher candidates to improve in general teaching skills, connect learning theories in the classroom, and develop confidence to be an effective teacher without the ill impacts of practicing on real students. This study executed a quasi-experimental design to explore the personality traits of 152 pre-service teachers and examined how their perceptions of teaching confidence and teaching experience were related in the context of simSchool. A treatment and comparison group completed the Survey of Teaching Skills pre/post tests and the OCEAN survey for quantitative data analysis to investigate four research questions: 1. Is there a difference between treatment and comparison groups on educator’s gains in confidence and experience? 2. Is there a relationship between personality type and perceived teaching effectiveness? 3. Is there a relationship between personality attributes and pre-service educator ratings of teaching experience in a simulated teaching environment? 4. Is there a relationship between personality attributes and pre-service educator ratings of teaching confidence in a simulated teaching environment? Findings from repeated measures MANOVA tests indicated that the simSchool treatment group increased their perceptions of experience with significant gains (p < .05), in contrast to the comparison group. Two key constructs of personality and effective teaching, the latter of which is comprised of the pre-service teachers’ self-reports of teaching confidence and teaching experience, were examined using canonical correlation analysis. The traits of openness, conscientiousness, extraversion, agreeableness and neuroticism were components linked by structure coefficients to the synthetic variable of personality, the latter of which was found to be correlated with effective teaching. Pearson product-moment correlation coefficients were produced to assess the relationship between experience and confidence and relationships between experience and confidence with the personality traits of conscientiousness, openness, extraversion, and emotional stability. Multiple regression analyses were run using the predictors of openness, conscientiousness, extraversion, and neuroticism. These were found to be significantly (p < .05) effective in predicting self-reported teaching experience and confidence from personality traits. Furthermore, the variable of openness was individually found to be a significant (p < .05) predictor of teaching experience and confidence. These findings suggest that personality traits affect the experience and confidence ratings of pre-service teachers in a simulated classroom environment and that simSchool training can foster the development of teaching effectiveness.