The thesis comprises five papers and an introductory overview of applied models and methods. The papers concern interdependences and interrelations in models applied to empirical analyses of various problems related to production, consumption, location and trade. Among different definitions of 'structural analysis' one refers to the study of the properties of economic models on the assumption of invariant structural relations, this definition is close to what is aimed at in lire present case. Although the subjects cover widely differing aspects of the economic system, applied models and methods, i.e. entropy maximizing (information minimizing) models and random utility maximizing models, are in many cases closely connected. Tlic first paper reports on a regional input-ouput study applied to Norrbotten, Sweden. The paper is mainly concentrated on developing and estimating an econometric model, describing the structural interdependences in the Norrbotten economy. The chapter is composed of three parts. The first part concerns the theoretical basis of the model, the main fields of application and principal problems in connection with the estimation. The core of the estimated model is defined by the intersectoral dependences in the Norrbotten economy. This model can be viewed as a part of a more general model of the regional economy, and such a general model is briefly outlined. The second part reports on the collection and arranging of data, and the methods used for the estimation of the model. In the third part the results are presented. A special interest concerns the effects of production changes in the basic industries in the county, as to the expected impact on different industries and occupational groups. The second paper concerns some aspects of the problem of predicting trade flows in the forest sector. The model, based on information theory, is predicting current trade flows by adjusting the historical, a priori, trade flows to satisfy current export and import totals. In the third paper an entropy model is employed to decompose the interregional and intraregional employment change in Sweden and Stockholm, during the period 1960 - 1980, into effects attributed to regions (zones), industries, occupations and interaction effects. The fourth paper presents an empirical analysis of housing choice, based on individual data of households in Stockholm. The consumer choice is regarded as a complex choice from a finite set of discrete alternatives and a probabilistic choice mode! (multinomial logit) is employed, where secondary dwelling is included in the housing choice decision. In the final paper spectral analysis is used for identifying the significant components of cycle behaviour in time series of Swedish exports of forest products over a twenty year time period. / digitalisering@umu

Economic growth is the increase in the inflation-adjusted market value of the goods and services produced by an economy over time. The total output is the quantity of goods or servicesproduced in a given time period within a country. Sweden was affected by two crises during the period 2000-2010: a dot-com bubble and a financial crisis. How did these two crises affect the economic growth?     The changes of domestic output can be separated into four parts: changes in intermediate demand, final domestic demand, export demand and import substitution. The main purpose of this article is to analyze the economic growth during the period 2000-2010, with focus on the dot-com bubble in the beginning of the period 2000-2005, and the financial crisis at the end of the period 2005-2010. The methodology to be used is the structural decomposition method.     This investigation shows that the main contributions to the Swedish total domestic output increase in both the period 2000-2005 and the period 2005-2010 were the effect of domestic demand. In the period 2005-2010, financial crisis weakened the effect of export. The output of the primary sector went from a negative change into a positive, explained mainly by strong export expansion. In the secondary sector, export had most effect in the period 2000-2005. Nevertheless, domestic demand and import ratio had more effect during the financial crisis period. Lastly, in the tertiary sector, domestic demand can mainly explain the output growth in the whole period 2000-2010.

Emerging I/O density and bandwidth requirements are driving packages to low-CTE silicon, glass and organic substrates for higher wiring density and reliability of interconnections and Cu-low k dielectrics. These are needed for high performance applications as 2.5D packages in large-size, and also as ultra-thin packages for consumer applications that are directly assembled on the board without the need for an intermediate package. The trend to low-CTE packages (CTE of 3-8ppm/°C), however, creates large CTE mismatch with the board on which they are assembled. Interconnection reliability is, therefore, a major concern when low CTE interposers are surface mounted onto organic system boards via solder joints. This reliability concern is further aggravated with large package sizes and finer pitch. For wide acceptance of low CTE packages in high volume production, it is also critical to assemble them on board using standard Surface Mount Technologies (SMT) without the need for under-fill. This research aims to demonstrate reliable 400 micron pitch solder interconnections from low CTE glass interposers directly assembled onto organic boards by overcoming the above challenges using two approaches; 1) Stress-relief dielectric build up layers on the back of the interposer, 2) Polymer collar around the solder bumps for shear stress re-distribution. A comprehensive methodology based on modeling, design, test vehicle fabrication and characterization is employed to study and demonstrate the efficacy of these approaches in meeting the interposer-to-board interconnection requirements. The effect of varying geometrical and material properties of both build-up layers and polymer collar is studied through Finite Element Modeling. Interposers were designed and fabricated with the proposed approaches to demonstrate process feasibility.

The objective of the research was to demonstrate the need, feasibility and relevance of disaggregating by income group the endogenized household sector in the Canadian Input-Output (I-O) model. Personal expenditures and revenue sources were endogenized into Agriculture Canada's I-O open model. Two models were developed, Model 1 and Model 2. Model 1 was a closed model that assumed homogeneity among households. Model 2 relaxed the homogeneity assumption. / The superiority of Model 2 was empirically demonstrated by comparing the economic indicators generated by the models. The indicators of interest were industrial output, GDP at factor cost and the number of paid jobs. A sensitivity analysis investigated the impact of changes in wages and salaries and final demand on the models. Larger differences were found between the models when wages and salaries were stimulated. As hypothesized, Model 1 underestimated the contribution of the lowest wages and salaries group by 19.9 percent and overestimated the impact of the higher wages and salaries group by 19 percent. A $1 million increase in the final demand for agricultural, agri-food and petrochemical products was also simulated. The largest impacts on industrial output occurred when agricultural production was shocked ( $3.8 million). This was followed by agri-food products ($3.2 million) and petrochemical products ( $2.7 million). While differences in the models' estimates were minimal when changes in final demand were simulated, Model 2 generated additional information on the distribution of income. / In conclusion, the results generated by the I-O model with the disaggregated household sector, Model 2, were consistent with budget data and economic theory.

This thesis utilizes input-output analysis to calculate the economic impacts from potential prion diseases outbreaks in Alberta and Canada. Both chronic wasting disease and bovine spongiform encephalopathy have the capacity to not only affect the farmed cervid and cattle industries, but to impact all industries with direct and indirect links to these sectors. Cervid sector shocks consistently yield small spillover effects on the economy in all models. In contrast, the cattle sector generates larger multiplier effects. A worst-case scenario that reduces cervid sector output to zero yields total economic losses of $11.5 million in Alberta, and $43.7 million in Canada. A reduction of cattle sector output to zero results in total economic losses of $6.4 billion in Alberta, and $34.9 billion in Canada. / Agricultural and Resource Economics

Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Washington, 2007. / Vita. Includes bibliographical references (p. 127-131).

Thesis(M.S.)--Auburn University, 2006. / Abstract. Vita. Includes bibliographic references.

Thesis (PhD (Philosophy))-- University of Western Sydney, Nepean, 1998. / "Thesis submitted for the fulfilment of the requirement of Doctor of Philosophy in quantitative methods, School of Quantitative Methods and Business Operations, Faculty of Commerce, University of Western Sydney, Nepean" Bibliography : p 233-257.

Univ., Diss.--Frankfurt am Main.

Thesis (M.B.A.)--University of Hong Kong, 1991.