Thesis (Ph. D.)--Florida State University, 2005. / Advisors: Dr. David D. Ketchen, Jr., Dr. James G. Combs, Florida State University, College of Business, Dept. of Management. Title and description from dissertation home page (viewed Sept. 15, 2005). Document formatted into pages; contains viii, 140 pages. Includes bibliographical references.

Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Wisconsin--Madison, 1971. / Typescript. Vita. eContent provider-neutral record in process. Description based on print version record. Includes bibliography.

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Orientador: Sebastião Neto Ribeiro Guedes / Banca: Soraya Regina Gasparetto / Banca: José Felipe Araújo de Almeida / Resumo: O texto objetivou analisar - de uma perspectiva do institucionalismo original - o processo de emergência, reconhecimento e legitimação jurídica/legal das formas de riqueza capitalistas intangíveis e incorpóreas em um país de capitalismo periférico, o Brasil. Claramente inspirado nas reflexões do economista institucionalista norte americano John R. Commons sobre a riqueza incorpórea e intangível, em especial o goodwill, e no papel do sistema legal na sua institucionalização, o texto toma a presença dessas formas de riqueza como sendo a expressão de maturidade do capitalismo monopolista, dada a imensa possibilidade que oferecem para a valorização do capital. O texto mostrou que no Brasil, à diferença dos EUA e outros países de capitalismo central, a presença de tais formas de riqueza foi inicialmente tardia (posterior aos anos 1920), e de certo modo limitada (circunscrita majoritariamente às atividades imobiliárias). Com a própria evolução e consolidação do capitalismo brasileiro, quando as novas formas de riqueza capitalistas foram ganhando peso e destaque, o sistema jurídico progressivamente foi se estruturando e se especializando para analisar e decidir sobre os conflitos originados da própria evolução do capitalismo brasileiro, em especial aqueles que envolveram o goodwill. Deste modo, buscamos compreender como tem sido o processo de regulamentação do goodwill pelo Estado na evolução do capitalismo e das instituições no Brasil, de modo a identificar e analisar casos jurídic... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo) / Abstract: The text aimed to analyze - from a perspective of the original institutionalism - the process of emergence, recognition and law / legal legitimation of intangible and incorporeal capitalist wealth forms in a country of peripheral capitalism, Brazil. Clearly inspired by the reflections of North American institutional economist John R. Commons on incoporeal and intangible wealth, especially goodwill, and on the role of the legal system in its institutionalization, the text takes the presence of these forms of wealth as the expression of maturity of monopoly capitalism, given the immense possibility they offer for the valorization of capital. The text showed that in Brazil, unlike the USA and other countries of central capitalism, the presence of such forms of wealth was initially late (after the 1920s), and to a certain extent limited (mostly limited to real estate activities). With the evolution and consolidation of Brazilian capitalism itself, when the new forms of capitalist wealth gained weight and prominence, the legal system gradually became structured and specialized to analyze and decide on the conflicts originated from the very evolution of Brazilian capitalism, in particular those that involved goodwill. In this way, we seek to understand how the process of regulation of goodwill by the State in the evolution of capitalism and institutions in Brazil has been, in order to identify and analyze legal cases that possibly based the law, as well as the possible changes of u... (Complete abstract click electronic access below) / Mestre

Orientador: Jose Maria Ferreira Jardim da Silveira / Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Economia / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-13T16:08:33Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Pereira_AndreiaMara_M.pdf: 2199653 bytes, checksum: 1b294df053cf1354f02dcdc09008a457 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2009 / Resumo: O foco da presente dissertação de mestrado é descrever quais são os determinantes institucionais e econômicos da Bioprospecção no Brasil. Para tanto, identificou-se os principais obstáculos àbioprospecção no país, ressaltando que há muitas especificidades a serem consideradas na elaboração dos desenhos institucionais para bioprospecção, pois são práticas que envolvem agentes com interesses nem sempre convergentes. Para melhor visualização deste framework, foram feitos estudos de casos nacionais e internacionais e da Economia Institucional aplicada à bioprospecção. Dentro dos casos analisados, identificouse que, quando há participação de instituições intermediárias no processo de negociação, os interesses das partes são mais claramente atendidos. Esta conjuntura foi confirmada pelos dados do levantamento de opiniões efetuados através de um questionário estruturado para a captação dos efeitos e desafios atuais da bioprospecção, utilizando a ferramenta multicriterial AHP. Os resultados mostram que o ambiente institucional deve ser fortalecido, para proporcionar segurança aos possíveis interessados em investir nas atividades, através da melhoria das ações cooperativas e do direito de propriedade intelectual. Foi detectado que a área central para os entrevistados é a ambiental, sendo esta a prioridade para a criação de um "modelo institucional ótimo" / Abstract: The focus of this master's thesis is to describe what are the institutional and economic determinants of Bioprospecting in Brazil. For this purpose, the principle obstacles for bioprospecting in this country were identified, calling attention to the fact that there are many specificities which must be considered in the elaboration of the institutional designs for bioprospecting, since these practices involve agents whose interests do not always converge. To better visualize this framework, national and international case studies were performed and the Institutional Economy applied to bioprospecting. Among the cases analyzed, it was identified that when there is participation of the intermediary institutions in the negotiation process, the interests of all parties are more clearly met. This conjuncture was confirmed by the data resulting from an opinion poll executed by means of a questionaire constructed in order to discover the contemporary effects and challenges of bioprospecting, using a multicriterial tool called AHP. The results demonstrate that the institutional environment should be strengthened, in order to assure the interests of those who are potentially invested in bioprospecting through improving cooperative actions and intellectual property rights. It was found that the central area of interest for those who were interviewed is environmental, this being the priority for the creation of an excellent "institutional model." / Mestrado / Economia do Meio Ambiente

This dissertation explores a core tension in contemporary hydropower governance between two competing views: hydropower as a machine and as a geography. Policymakers rely on economic and engineering optimization models to plan energy system adaptations to climate change. The developers of those models tend to narrowly view the hydropower system as a combination of infrastructure and operations constraints that are knowable and replicable. They rely on quantifications of values to produce “optimal” outcomes given constraints. This is hydropower the machine. But more holistically, hydropower is a geography. Hydropower transforms waterways, implicating competing interests and values in limited resources: surface water and the landscapes it traverses. The first paper of this dissertation, published in Natural Resources Journal, takes an institutional economics lens to introduce the tension between the two views. Through an examination of two optimization models and an overview of hydropower law in California, that article argues that otherwise well-regarded and well-funded models of the hydropower system nonetheless fall short of informing policy because those models rely on an incomplete concept of governance. A partial resolution of the tension may be possible. The history of the development of one hydropower optimization model confirms the bulk of literature on co-production and collaborative science research. The participation of hydropower practitioners into the research and modelling process influenced the parameters and inputs to the model. And in doing so, the collaborative research produced a product that was credible, legitimate, and salient. As such, despite the mechanistic view of hydropower prevalent in the optimization model, the end result fit better within the immediate political context as communicated by the oversight committee. Additionally, the combination of formal rules for collaboration and the simultaneous creation of informal knowledge networks helped to bolster acceptability of the product. Even after formal processes and funding ended, the knowledge networks continued and were able to facilitate the eventual implementation of the model as a decision support tool. Yet, a closer look at just one aspect of hydropower governance—litigation in federal courts—reinforces the divide between hydropower the machine and the geography. A review of the past century of federal hydropower caselaw offers a window in to the multiple and evolving ways that water and energy law influence one another. Ultimately that history embraces variation as a core characteristic of hydropower governance, a condition which is at odds with the practical needs of modelling.

Community-based approaches to natural resource management have become increasingly popular because of their potential to stimulate rural economic development and promote sustainable natural resource use. The appeal of such approaches have been supported by recent developments in economic theory regarding collective action and common property institutions, which have replaced the long-held idea that resources held in common are doomed to overuse and degradation. In particular, a wide array of empirical and experimental studies have led to the emergence of ‘second generation’ collective action theories which are able to reconcile observed behaviour in social dilemma settings with rational choice theory. Second generation theories of collective action also encompass the concept of social capital; viewing forms of social capital as the fundamental motivations for collective action. Therefore, based on a second generation theoretical framework, social capital ought to play an important role in the emergence and maintenance of self-driven CBNRM projects. Despite this, there have been limited assessments of the explicit role of social capital in cases of self-driven CBNRM. Consequently, this study set out to evaluate the role of social capital and its relationship with the performance of a self-driven CBNRM case study in South Africa. In order to achieve this aim, a mixed methods research design was employed to assess the roles and relationships of social capital at different levels of analysis. Qualitative results highlighted the major role of social capital in building various forms of trust at the project level. On the other hand, quantitative results obtained from exploratory factor analysis uncovered a number of latent dimensions of social capital at the household level. In addition, two binary logistic regression models demonstrated both positive and negative relationships between latent dimensions of household-level social capital and indicators of successful collective action in the Umgano Project. The crucial role of traditional leaders in maintaining and mobilizing social capital was a cross-cutting feature of the results in this study. Overall, the findings of this study support the stance of second generation collective action theories regarding the role of social capital in enhancing collective action outcomes. / Dissertation (MSc)--University of Pretoria, 2015. / Agricultural Economics, Extension and Rural Development / Unrestricted

This paper hopes to serve as a primer, firstly for this Author, regarding the concept of Institutional Economics; a foundation and an enabling environment, which allows economics to function and to be free. Firstly, we focus on the topic of institutions within the scope of economic development, and ask the simple question, “Why some countries are poor, and why some countries are rich?” In terms of set up, this paper is guided by Dani Rodrik & Arvind Subramanian’s 2003 article, “The Primacy of Institutions (and what this does and does not mean).” I looked at how institutions, market openness and geography effect economic development. Both an OLS and pooled OLS model are employed, with the results showing that, institutions account for the largest variation in income. The data is sourced from the Heritage Foundation, 2019 Index of Economic Freedom. Secondly, a discussion of Brunei Darussalam, my home country is presented, trying to link ideas of institutional economics, economic freedom, entrepreneurship and economic development.

Den här studien ämnar besvara frågeställningen om kriminalitet har en inverkan på företagandet i Sveriges kommuner mellan 2008 och 2018, studien använder sig av teorier från New institutional economics och resultat från tre tidigare studier för att underbygga sin hypotes om att kriminaliteten påverkar företagandet negativt. Kriminalitet operationaliseras genom antalet rån, inbrott och fall av skadegörelse per capita. Företagande operationaliseras genom antalet anställda i handelsnäringen per capita. Hypotesen testas i resultatet genom OLS-regressionsanalyser med fem olika kontrollvariabler. Studien kommer till slutsatsen att kriminaliteten har en svagt negativ effekt på företagandet, men att denna effekt troligtvis beror på bakomliggande variabler i en kedja av kausala mekanismer snarare än ett särskilt stort direkt samband. / This study tries to answer the question if criminality has an effect on business in Swedish municipalities between the years of 2008 and 2018. The study uses theories from New institutional economics and results from three earlier studies to reinforce the hypothesis that criminality affects businesses negatively. Criminality is operationalized as the number of robberies, burglary and vandalism per capita. Businesses are operationalized as the number of people hired within the trade and market sector per capita. The hypothesis is tested through OLS-regression analysis with five different control variables. The study comes to the conclusion that criminality has a weak negative effect on business, but that this effect probably is caused by underlying variables in a chain of causal mechanisms rather than by a considerable amount of direct connection.

This thesis is an attempt to reassess the long debated issues of economic history from the perspective of institutional economics. Besides examining different approaches to technology and its impact on economic and social life, it analyzes the role of institutions in history. It discusses the institutional interpretations of the critical developments of economic history such as, the Industrial Revolution and the Great Divergence, with an emphasis on differences between the two scholarly traditions, namely, the Original Institutional Economics and the New Institutional Economics. Although the arguments of New Institutionalists concerning the role of technology in history have been effectively incorporated into the economic history research, the potential contributions of the Original Institutional Economics to the study of economic history have remained for the most part unexplored. The aim of this thesis is to demonstrate the relevance and importance of original institutional analysis with respect to technology and economic history.