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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
1

Institutional Aspects of Integrated Flood Management in Guatemala

Guinea Barrientos, Héctor Estuardo January 2014 (has links)
Floods are a recurrent natural disaster in Guatemala. Heavy and prolonged rainfall often results in floods that affect people’s life and property. Several institutions and policy instruments at local, national or transnational level address flood management. The purpose of this study is to provide useful insights of the institutional aspects of integrated flood management at local, national and transboundary level in Guatemala. Papers I and II, explore institutions at local level, paper III at national level, while paper IV addresses flood management institutions at transboundary level. This research found that for the local and national level, there are several institutions concerned with flood management. In contrast, at transboundary level, and especially for international rivers, flood management institutions are largely absent. At local level, the Local Councils for Development (COCODEs, the acronym in Spanish) are responsible for flood prevention and preparation. While some municipalities are active in flood prevention, response and recovery activities, their limited economic and technical resources restrict their scope of action.  Local stakeholders such as COCODEs, farmers groups and other actors are largely neglected in the decision making process. The National Coordinator for Risk Reduction to Disasters (CONRED, Coordinadora Nacional para Reducción de Desastres), the Secretariat for Planning and Programming of the Presidency (SEGEPLAN, Secretaría de Planificación y Programación de la Presidencia), the Guatemalan Ministry of Infrastructure and other national institutions are in charge of planning and implementing flood management strategies, leaving public involvement of local actors mainly to public consultation. At the Central American level, the Coordination Centre for Natural Disasters Prevention in Central America (CEPREDENAC, Centro de Coordinación para la Prevención de Desastres Naturales en América Central), an institution part of the Central American Integration System (SICA by Spanish acronym), shall promote transboundary cooperation regarding disaster management, including flood management. However, transboundary flood management faces several challenges: territorial disputes and sovereignty issues over international rivers are significant obstacles to the implementation of integrated flood management programs.
2

Fatores institucionais associados à evasão na educação superior / Institutional factors associated with avoidance in higher education

Carvalho, Alessandro Pires de 07 July 2017 (has links)
Submitted by JÚLIO HEBER SILVA (julioheber@yahoo.com.br) on 2017-08-23T17:09:50Z No. of bitstreams: 2 Dissertação - Alessandro Pires de Carvalho - 2017.pdf: 1680600 bytes, checksum: 29aad66f41b21dcb658d906538feaf06 (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Luciana Ferreira (lucgeral@gmail.com) on 2017-09-15T12:14:58Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 2 Dissertação - Alessandro Pires de Carvalho - 2017.pdf: 1680600 bytes, checksum: 29aad66f41b21dcb658d906538feaf06 (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-09-15T12:14:58Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 Dissertação - Alessandro Pires de Carvalho - 2017.pdf: 1680600 bytes, checksum: 29aad66f41b21dcb658d906538feaf06 (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-07-07 / Dropout is one of the bottlenecks to be overcome by education in its various stages, especially in Higher Education, in which the Educational Institutions suffer from the constant losses of students. In order to better understand this phenomenon, this research aimed to describe the institutional factors associated with it, using as normative reference the concept of evasion of the Special Study Committee of ANDIFES, which defines as evade any student who definitively leaves the original course without, therefore, concluding it. The research was carried out within the framework of the Federal Institute of Education, Science and Technology of Goiás, which has fourteen campuses in several cities of the state. The microdata of the Higher Education Census, in the period from 2010 to 2014, were used and analyzed using Descriptive Statistics mechanisms. As a result, it was observed that several institutional factors mentioned in the literature regarding the dropout rate did not significantly influence evasion in the analyzed educational institution, such as the course shift and duration. The average dropout rate per course found in the study is quite floating, with the values between the lowest and the highest evasion rates being very different, 8% and 42%, respectively. In the analyzed institution, there are educational policies that contribute - or at least should contribute - to the permanence of the student in the course. The most evident pedagogical aspect of the institution is the monitoring program, which assists students with more difficulty in some course subjects. The institutional evaluation allows both the internal and external community to contribute, in order to allow the institution to identify possible bottlenecks affecting the administration. On the other hand, when analyzing the average annual evasion of this institution in the period, it is noted that it follows a pattern of similarity. / A evasão é um dos gargalos a ser superado pela educação em seus diversos estágios, de modo especial na Educação Superior, onde as Instituições de Ensino sofrem com as perdas constantes de alunos. Com o intuito de entender melhor esse fenômeno, esta pesquisa teve como objetivo descrever os fatores institucionais a ele associados, utilizando como referência normativa o conceito de evasão da Comissão Especial de Estudos da Andifes, que entende como evadido qualquer aluno que saia definitivamente do curso de origem sem, portanto, concluí-lo. A pesquisa foi realizada no âmbito do Instituto Federal de Educação, Ciência e Tecnologia de Goiás, que possui quatorze campus em diversas cidades do estado. Foram utilizados os microdados do Censo da Educação Superior, no período de 2010 a 2014, sendo eles analisados utilizando mecanismos da Estatística Descritiva. Como resultado, observou-se que diversos fatores institucionais citados na literatura com relação à taxa de evasão não influenciavam significativamente na evasão na instituição de ensino analisada, como é o caso, por exemplo, do turno de oferta e duração do curso. A taxa média de evasão por curso encontrada no estudo é bastante flutuante, chegando a ser muito díspares os valores entre o curso com menor e o com maior taxa de evasão, 8% e 42%, respectivamente. Na instituição analisada, há políticas educacionais que contribuem – ou pelo menos deveriam contribuir – para a permanência do aluno no curso. O aspecto do suporte pedagógico mais evidente na instituição é o programa de monitoria, que auxilia os alunos com mais dificuldade em algumas disciplinas do curso. A avaliação institucional permite que tanto a comunidade interna quanto a externa contribua, de forma a permitir que a instituição consiga visualizar possíveis gargalos que afetam a administração. Por outro lado, ao analisar a evasão média anual dessa Instituição no período, nota-se que ela segue um padrão de similaridade.
3

Aspectos institucionais do risco país

Bonilha Neto, Márcio Martins 15 February 2016 (has links)
Submitted by Márcio Martins Bonilha Neto (marciombneto@gmail.com) on 2016-03-08T00:56:19Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Aspectos Institucionais do Risco País.pdf: 896188 bytes, checksum: 08b8748e7bceb5984bd2d264be2d3c02 (MD5) / Rejected by Renata de Souza Nascimento (renata.souza@fgv.br), reason: Marcio, boa tarde Por gentileza, alterar SÃO PAULO 2015 para SÃO PAULO 2016, devido à data de sua apresentação. Após alteração, realizar uma nova submissão. Att on 2016-03-08T17:10:39Z (GMT) / Submitted by Márcio Martins Bonilha Neto (marciombneto@gmail.com) on 2016-03-10T01:08:41Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertação Márcio.pdf: 893573 bytes, checksum: 6d4dc46af4ab85a1fe8353677f8b5f7c (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Renata de Souza Nascimento (renata.souza@fgv.br) on 2016-03-10T16:27:09Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertação Márcio.pdf: 893573 bytes, checksum: 6d4dc46af4ab85a1fe8353677f8b5f7c (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-03-10T16:46:25Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertação Márcio.pdf: 893573 bytes, checksum: 6d4dc46af4ab85a1fe8353677f8b5f7c (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-02-15 / The measurement of country risk is of utmost importance at a time of frequent international portfolio diversification. This paper aims to understand which variables are important in these metrics, with a main focus among institutional aspects. To accomplish this purpose, it analyzes the Credit Default Swap (CDS) and the Emerging Markets Bond Index (EMBI), which not only measure the risk of countries, but also are also financial products, bought and sold by hedgers and speculators. Their prices are therefore formed by the market. The intent here is to analyze whether the institutional aspects of the countries, as well as their changes, are important in defining this risk, without forgetting, of course, the economic variables of each country. By institutional aspects, we understand the structure of the state, such as democracy and corruption in each country, press freedom, the socioeconomic status of the population, the fact that the country has a parliamentary regime, the influences the legal system, among other variables. / A mensuração do risco país é de extrema importância em um momento de frequente diversificação internacional do portfólio. O presente trabalho pretende entender quais as variáveis são importantes nessas métricas, com um foco principal entre os aspectos institucionais. Para isso, são analisados o Credit Default Swap (CDS) e o Emerging Markets Bond Index (EMBI), que além de medirem o risco dos países, são também produtos financeiros, comprados e vendidos por hedgers e especuladores. Seus preços são, portanto, formados pelo mercado. A intenção aqui é analisar se os aspectos institucionais dos países, bem como suas alterações, são importantes na definição deste risco, sem esquecer, obviamente, das variáveis econômicas de cada país. Por aspectos institucionais, entendemos a estrutura do Estado, como é a democracia e a corrupção em cada país, a liberdade de imprensa, o nível socioeconômico da população, o fato de o país é parlamentarista, as influências do sistema jurídico, entre outras variáveis.
4

INDIVÍDUOS E COMPORTAMENTO: ASPECTOS COGNITIVOS, INSTITUCIONAIS E IDENTIDADES SOCIAIS / INDIVIDUALS AND BEHAVIOR: COGNITIVE, INSTITUTIONAL ASPECTS AND SOCIAL IDENTITIES

Zulian, Aline 16 March 2015 (has links)
Fundação de Amparo a Pesquisa no Estado do Rio Grande do Sul / The study of individuals and behavior is not new in Economics and crosses different schools of thought. Approaches that reinforce the criticisms of Neoclassical traditional conceptions of isolated and cognitively perfect individual bring contributions from other sciences, such as Psychology, Sociology and Philosophy. By analyzing the behavior, you need to consider the elements that make up individuals: cognition - the processes of the human mind - and institutions - the instincts and habits. So, how to build an analytical base that considers individuals and behavior from both cognitive and institutional? Thus, the aim of this study is to propose an analytical base that unifies the cognitive and institutional aspects of the study of individuals and behavior. The specific objectives are developed respectively in three chapters: i) to address the cognitive aspects of individual behavior through the contributions of Simon s bounded rationality, the dual cognitive processes (intuition and deliberation) and heuristics of Kahneman; ii) to present the institutional aspects of the behavior of individuals through Veblenian approach; iii) to indicate the concept of Davis s social identity as a way to unify the cognitive and institutional aspects of the study of individuals and behavior. The proposal to unify the cognitive and institutional dimensions can be represented by the concept of Davis s social identities, since this includes personal and individual identities. Similarly that the social identities maintain the idea of individuals with own personalities, they also consider people as outgoing humans, who have their individual belief inserted in a social environment. That is, through social identities are connected both cognitive and institutional aspects that make up individuals. / O estudo sobre indivíduos e comportamento não é recente na Economia e perpassa diferentes escolas de pensamento. Abordagens que reforçam as críticas às concepções tradicionais neoclássicas de indivíduo isolado e cognitivamente perfeito trazem contribuições de outras ciências, como a Psicologia, a Sociologia e a Filosofia. Ao analisar o comportamento é preciso considerar os elementos que compõem os indivíduos: a cognição - os processos da mente humana - e as instituições - os instintos e os hábitos. Então, como construir uma base analítica que considere indivíduos e comportamento a partir de aspectos tanto cognitivos quanto institucionais? Desta forma, o objetivo geral deste trabalho é propor uma base analítica que unifique os aspectos cognitivos e institucionais do estudo dos indivíduos e comportamento. Os objetivos específicos são desenvolvidos respectivamente em três capítulos: i) abordar os aspectos cognitivos do comportamento dos indivíduos através das contribuições da racionalidade limitada de Simon, dos processos cognitivos duais (intuição e deliberação) e das heurísticas de Kahneman; ii) apresentar os aspectos institucionais do comportamento dos indivíduos através da abordagem vebleniana; iii) indicar o conceito de identidade social de Davis como uma maneira de unificar os aspectos cognitivos e institucionais do estudo sobre indivíduos e comportamento. Assim, a proposta de unificação das dimensões cognitivas e institucionais pode ser representada pelo conceito de identidades sociais de Davis, uma vez que este contempla as identidades pessoais e individuais. Da mesma forma que as identidades sociais mantêm a ideia de indivíduos com personalidades próprias, elas também consideram as pessoas como seres humanos sociáveis, que possuem suas convicções individuais inseridas em um ambiente social. Ou seja, através das identidades sociais são conectados tanto os aspectos cognitivos quanto institucionais que compõem os indivíduos.

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