Networks and distributed systems have formed the basis of an ongoing communications revolution that has led to the genesis of a wide variety of services. The constantly increasing size and complexity of these systems does not come without problems. In some organisations, the deployment of Information Technology has reached a state where the benefits from downsizing and rightsizing by adding new services are undermined by the effort required to keep the system running. Management of networks and distributed systems in general has a straightforward goal: to provide a productive environment in which work can be performed effectively. The work required for management should be a small fraction of the total effort. Most IT systems are still managed in an ad hoc style without any carefully elaborated plan. In such an environment the success of management decisions depends totally on the qualification and knowledge of the administrator. The thesis provides an analysis of the state of the art in the area of Network and System Management and identifies the key requirements that must be addressed for the provisioning of Integrated Management Services. These include the integration of the different management related aspects (i.e. integration of heterogeneous Network, System and Service Management). The thesis then proposes a new framework, INSMware, for the provision of Management Services. It provides a fundamental basis for the realisation of a new approach to Network and System Management. It is argued that Management Systems can be derived from a set of pre-fabricated and reusable Building Blocks that break up the required functionality into a number of separate entities rather than being developed from scratch. It proposes a high-level logical model in order to accommodate the range of requirements and environments applicable to Integrated Network and System Management that can be used as a reference model. A development methodology is introduced that reflects principles of the proposed approach, and provides guidelines to structure the analysis, design and implementation phases of a management system. The INSMware approach can further be combined with the componentware paradigm for the implementation of the management system. Based on these principles, a prototype for the management of SNMP systems has been implemented using industry standard middleware technologies. It is argued that development of a management system based on Componentware principles can offer a number of benefits. INSMware Components may be re-used and system solutions will become more modular and thereby easier to construct and maintain.

<p>Osnovni cilj disertacije je kreiranje modela integrisanog<br />sistema menadžmenta zasnovanog na proceni rizika aktivnosti<br />unutar procesa organizacije. Doktorskom disertacijom je<br />uspostavljen model koji je, između ostalog, obuhvatio:<br />&bull; Procenu rizika za svaku identifikovanu opasnost u<br />procesima organizacije, sa aspekta standarda od interesa<br />&bull; Projektovanje dokumentacije integrisanog sistema<br />menadžmenta na osnovu visine procenjenih rizika<br />Poređenjem projektovane sa postojećom dokumentacijom, u tri<br />realna preduzeća, zaključeno je da je obim i struktura dokumenata<br />optimizovana za uspešan menadžment rizicima, što snižava<br />troškove i omogućava efikasno upravljanje preduzećem.</p> / <p>The main objective of the P.h. thesis is to create a model of an<br />integrated management system based on risk assessment of activities<br />within the processes of the organization. Doctoral dissertation has<br />established a model that, among other things, included :<br />&bull; Assessment of risk for each identified hazard in the processes of the<br />organization, in terms of standards of interest<br />&bull; Design of documentation for integrated management system based on<br />the level of estimated risk<br />Comparing projected from existing documentation , in the three real<br />companies , it was concluded that the scope and structure of<br />documents is optimized for succesfull risk management, which lowers<br />costs and enables efficient management of the company.</p>

MPH, Faculty of Haelth Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, 2009 / The Integrated Management of Childhood Illness (IMCI) strategy was introduced in Zimbabwe in 1996 to integrate vertical child health care programmes. It has since expanded to cover over 300 first level health facilities out of 897 in 23 districts out of a total of 59 districts in the country. This survey was conducted to measure the quality of care delivered to sick children aged 2 months up to 5 years at first level health facilities implementing IMCI. The management of sick children was observed for 226 children aged 2 months up to 5 years who were brought to primary level health facilities. 226 interviews with child caretakers were conducted, all children included in the survey were re-examined by an experienced IMCI practitioner to ascertain the classification (diagnosis) of child’s illness and the appropriate treatment needed. Finally facilities, services and supplies were assessed in the 35 facilities visited. Seventy one percent of cases were children under 2 years old. The majority of caretakers (88%) were mothers of the sick children. All children were systematically checked for the four main symptoms, 80% of children were checked for general danger signs. About 70% of cases classified as having pneumonia received correct treatment for pneumonia. Almost 50% of cases observed received correct treatment for malaria. Half of the children observed (50%) received their 1st dose at the facility. Just less than half (48%) of the children who needed vaccines left the health facilities with all the needed vaccines. Eighty five percent of caretakers were advised on drug treatment. As a result of the advice received, almost two third (65%) of the caretakers who had been prescribed an antibiotic/antimalarial were able to correctly describe how to give the antibiotic to the iv child. The large majority of caretakers (78%) were satisfied with the health services provided. Over half (54%) of facilities visited had at least 60% of health workers trained in IMCI; 88% of children were managed by health workers who had been trained in IMCI. Drugs were available with the exception with oral rehydration salts (ORS) or sugar salt solution (SSS). Most facilities had supplies and equipment for vaccination, and most had other basic supplies and materials; IMCI chart booklets were found in 91% of facilities. Health facilities which received at least one supervisory visit that included observation of -case management in the last 6 months was only 11% indicating that supervision is not carried out on a regular basis. The management of sick children seen by providers trained in IMCI followed a systematic approach in most cases but there is room for further improvement. Drugs were used rationally. Key supportive elements of the health system were in place in the facilities visited with the exception of regular supervision. However only 38% needing urgent referral were identified and prescribed urgent referral. Weaknesses were also observed in the management of diarrhea, fever and in counseling the caretaker. Only 15% of caretakers were given or shown the mothers card as a job aid and only 23% of caretakers were told on when to return immediately. The IMCI strategy has the potential to act as a powerful channel to improve the quality of services. As the survey was unable to determine reasons for poor performance observed, further research is required to investigate the factors leading to poor health worker performance.

Esta dissertação faz uma análise da situação atual da legislação sobre áreas costeiras do Rio Grande do Sul, em particular para o município de Arroio do Sal, e propõe uma avaliação do respectivo gerenciamento costeiro a partir da metodologia do Decálogo - uma ferramenta metodológica, baseada em estudos propostos por Barragán (2001). Através desta ferramenta se realiza um diagnóstico da política, regulamentação, competências, instituições, ferramentas (estratégicas e operacionais), formação e capacitação, recursos, conhecimento e informação, educação e sensibilização assim como a participação cidadã. Esse trabalho também empregou entrevistas com a comunidade, representantes do executivo municipal e autarquias locais para a elaboração do diagnóstico metodológico. As conclusões finais apontam para um esforço dos gestores atuais. Os resultados sugerem que as regras seguidas pelo município são as determinadas pela legislação federal e estadual e a atual administração tem posto em prática as políticas para o meio ambiente, através das várias secretarias municipais, cumprindo-se a legislação existente nos diferentes níveis governamentais. / This dissertation analyzes the current situation of the legislation pertaining to the coastal areas of Rio Grande do Sul, in particular for the municipality of Arroio do Sal, proposing an assessment of the coastal management , based on the Decalogue - a methodological tool based on by Barragán (2001). We evaluate this tool, its diagnosis policy, regulation, competencies, institutions, tools (strategic and operational), training and capacity building, resources, knowledge and information, education and awareness, as well as citizen participation are carried out. This work also applied an interview effot with the community, representatives of the municipal executive and local authorities to elaborate the methodological diagnosis. The final conclusions point to an effort by current managers. The results suggest the rules followed by the municipality are those determined by federal and state law, that the current administration has implemented policies for the environment through the various municipal secretariats, complying with existing legislation at various levels of government.

Le passage par l’appréhension de la politique de l’eau et le degré de son adaptabilité à l’échelle locale méditerranéenne reste inéluctable afin de concevoir l’évolution des systèmes de gestion sociale de l’eau d’irrigation dans la vallée d’Amizmiz (Haut Atlas Maroc). En matière de l’évolution de la politique de l’eau, le Maroc a toujours suivi le modèle juridique français inculqué dans son histoire politico-hydraulique. Dans le processus de développement, la politique techniciste et aménagiste de l’eau a constamment défavorisé les zones de montagnes en faveur de celles de plaines tout en voyant en l’eau une ressource inépuisable. Or, l’échec de ces politiques purement interventionnistes, révélé par la suite, a incité les services administratifs de penser à des nouvelles modalités qui s’imbriquent directement dans le processus de la gouvernance locale de l’eau. En revanche, ces stratégies étatiques ont relativement ignoré la complexité des milieux sociaux et écologiques préalablement appropriés et aménagés par les acteurs locaux. Le récent discours étatique orienté vers la dite gestion intégrée des ressources en eau ne peut être, dans ce cadre, une innovation devant une longue tradition d’irrigation qui a mis en exergue les réelles modalités de la gestion équilibrée des milieux écologiques et sociaux. A travers l’étude anthropologique sur la gouvernance de l’eau, nous pourrons cerner les changements et les permanences effectués dans les modes de gestion étatiques et locaux de l’eau d’irrigation. Désormais, la question de la gouvernance locale de l’eau s’inscrit dans une gestion sociale flexible et dynamique contrairement à une autre gestion étatique basée sur la rationalité technique, économique et juridique. / The transition through the political apprehension of water and its levels of adaptability to the local scale in the Mediterranean local level is still ineluctable in order to conceive the evolution of social management styles of irrigation water in the valley of Amizmiz (High Atlas of Morocco). Concerning the evolution of water policies, Morocco has always followed a French juridical model rooted to its hydraulic political history. In the development processes, the technical and adjusted water politics have always disadvantaged the highlands and advantaged the flatlands while considering water as a non-exhaustible resource. Nonetheless, the failure of these purely interventionist policies, that will be revealed later on, encouraged administrative services to think about new modalities that interlock directly in the processes of local water governance. On the other hand, these public strategies have relatively ignored the complexity of social and ecological environments that had previously been appropriated and managed by local actors.The recent public speech oriented to rapid integrated management of water resources cannot be, in this case, considered as an innovation after old irrigation traditions that registered the real modalities of balanced management of ecological and social environments. Through anthropological study on water governance, we can identify the continuities and changes made in the public and local ways of management of irrigation water. Now, the issue of local governance of water is part of a dynamic and flexible social management unlike another state management based on technical, economic and legal rationality.

ROMCY, Cristina Maria Aleme. Gestão integrada: o município de Icapuí e os programas de administração da orla marítima. 2005. 145 f. : Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Federal do Ceará, Pró-Reitoria de Pesquisa e Pós-Graduação, Programa Regional de Pós-Graduação em Desenvolvimento e Meio Ambiente (PRODEMA), Fortaleza-CE, 2005. / Submitted by demia Maia (demiamlm@gmail.com) on 2016-04-29T13:18:31Z No. of bitstreams: 1 2005_ dis_cmaromcy.pdf: 19766007 bytes, checksum: f82be4973f5eb12afb48b2fb1e20bcb9 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by demia Maia (demiamlm@gmail.com) on 2016-04-29T13:19:49Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 2005_ dis_cmaromcy.pdf: 19766007 bytes, checksum: f82be4973f5eb12afb48b2fb1e20bcb9 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-29T13:19:49Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 2005_ dis_cmaromcy.pdf: 19766007 bytes, checksum: f82be4973f5eb12afb48b2fb1e20bcb9 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2005 / The disordered occupation of the seashore has been causing usage and environmental degradation conflicts, having as causes the unawareness of the public properties and their environmental resources, as well as the lack of integration between the government sectors and the society. This work aims to contribute to the coastal ordering considering the integration process of the usage and occupation planning policies of the shore, and the sustainable development principles studied through field research, questionnaires, bibliographical surveys, iconographical registrations, and organization and reading of the official cartography of the state and municipality. Based on these elements, the Shore Project promotes the integrated management of the seashore within the union real-estate areas, through its conservation, ordered occupation of their spaces, and usage of the environmental resources through the partnership of the three government levels and the civil society. / A ocupação desordenada da orla marítima tem provocado conflitos de uso e de degradação ambiental tendo como causas o desconhecimento dos bens públicos e dos seus recursos ambientais, como também a falta de integração entre os setores governamentais e a sociedade. Este trabalho contribuiu para o ordenamento costeiro, considerando a complexidade nos processos de integração das políticas de planejamento e de uso e ocupação da orla, tendo como fundamentos básicos metodológicos os princípios do desenvolvimento sustentável. Foram realizados estudos relacionados com uma ampla revisão bibliográfica sobre planejamento e gestão da zona costeira, aliados a pesquisa de campo, aplicação de questionários, registros iconográficos e da organização e leitura cartográfica oficial do estado e município. Com base nestes elementos, apresentou-se uma proposição crítica do Projeto Orla, contribuindo para promover e efetivar a gestão integrada da orla marítima nas áreas do patrimônio da união. Evidenciou-se, como recomendações finais, a necessidade de ampla participação social nas propostas e programas de conservação da paisagem costeira, da ocupação ordenada dos seus espaços e do uso dos recursos ambientais mediante a parceria com os três níveis de governo.

Esta dissertação faz uma análise da situação atual da legislação sobre áreas costeiras do Rio Grande do Sul, em particular para o município de Arroio do Sal, e propõe uma avaliação do respectivo gerenciamento costeiro a partir da metodologia do Decálogo - uma ferramenta metodológica, baseada em estudos propostos por Barragán (2001). Através desta ferramenta se realiza um diagnóstico da política, regulamentação, competências, instituições, ferramentas (estratégicas e operacionais), formação e capacitação, recursos, conhecimento e informação, educação e sensibilização assim como a participação cidadã. Esse trabalho também empregou entrevistas com a comunidade, representantes do executivo municipal e autarquias locais para a elaboração do diagnóstico metodológico. As conclusões finais apontam para um esforço dos gestores atuais. Os resultados sugerem que as regras seguidas pelo município são as determinadas pela legislação federal e estadual e a atual administração tem posto em prática as políticas para o meio ambiente, através das várias secretarias municipais, cumprindo-se a legislação existente nos diferentes níveis governamentais. / This dissertation analyzes the current situation of the legislation pertaining to the coastal areas of Rio Grande do Sul, in particular for the municipality of Arroio do Sal, proposing an assessment of the coastal management , based on the Decalogue - a methodological tool based on by Barragán (2001). We evaluate this tool, its diagnosis policy, regulation, competencies, institutions, tools (strategic and operational), training and capacity building, resources, knowledge and information, education and awareness, as well as citizen participation are carried out. This work also applied an interview effot with the community, representatives of the municipal executive and local authorities to elaborate the methodological diagnosis. The final conclusions point to an effort by current managers. The results suggest the rules followed by the municipality are those determined by federal and state law, that the current administration has implemented policies for the environment through the various municipal secretariats, complying with existing legislation at various levels of government.

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Esta dissertação faz uma análise da situação atual da legislação sobre áreas costeiras do Rio Grande do Sul, em particular para o município de Arroio do Sal, e propõe uma avaliação do respectivo gerenciamento costeiro a partir da metodologia do Decálogo - uma ferramenta metodológica, baseada em estudos propostos por Barragán (2001). Através desta ferramenta se realiza um diagnóstico da política, regulamentação, competências, instituições, ferramentas (estratégicas e operacionais), formação e capacitação, recursos, conhecimento e informação, educação e sensibilização assim como a participação cidadã. Esse trabalho também empregou entrevistas com a comunidade, representantes do executivo municipal e autarquias locais para a elaboração do diagnóstico metodológico. As conclusões finais apontam para um esforço dos gestores atuais. Os resultados sugerem que as regras seguidas pelo município são as determinadas pela legislação federal e estadual e a atual administração tem posto em prática as políticas para o meio ambiente, através das várias secretarias municipais, cumprindo-se a legislação existente nos diferentes níveis governamentais. / This dissertation analyzes the current situation of the legislation pertaining to the coastal areas of Rio Grande do Sul, in particular for the municipality of Arroio do Sal, proposing an assessment of the coastal management , based on the Decalogue - a methodological tool based on by Barragán (2001). We evaluate this tool, its diagnosis policy, regulation, competencies, institutions, tools (strategic and operational), training and capacity building, resources, knowledge and information, education and awareness, as well as citizen participation are carried out. This work also applied an interview effot with the community, representatives of the municipal executive and local authorities to elaborate the methodological diagnosis. The final conclusions point to an effort by current managers. The results suggest the rules followed by the municipality are those determined by federal and state law, that the current administration has implemented policies for the environment through the various municipal secretariats, complying with existing legislation at various levels of government.

Published Article / The aim of the study on which this article is based was to reflect on the learning experiences of students during integrated management of childhood illness (IMCI) training in an undergraduate programme. IMCI is a set of guidelines that was established by the World Health Organisation (WHO) for cost-effective quality care for children younger than five to prevent diseases and death (WHO, 2004). Skilled primary healthcare workers are required to provide quality care at first contact with these children. The IMCI package was presented as an integral part of the second-year module that focuses on primary healthcare. In order to improve the quality of health services and refocus the health system on primary health-care (South Africa Department of Health, 2010), students have to demonstrate that they have achieved competence. According to Killen (2000:188), competence is a holistic term and focuses on knowledge, skills and values instead of competencies, which refer to specific capabilities. Primary health-care workers who act competently will integrate foundational IMCI knowledge with skills and values as well as with the ability to verify their decisions (Killen, 2000:188). Aqualitative, exploratory and descriptive research design was used to investigate the IMCI learning experiences. Such experiences are one of the indications whether training has been successful and how it can be improved (Suski, 2004:222). Data was collected by means of nominal-group technique (NGT) interviews with second-year nursing students of the training school who complied with the criteria for inclusion. NGT interviews were used effectively to evaluate clinical interaction, education and training.The findings reflected the different emotions experienced during teaching and learning as having been positive, negative or neutral. The consideration of negative emotions will assist with the improvement of IMCI teaching and learning, but all these findings can be useful for other higher-education institutions that present or plan to present IMCI training.