This master's thesis deals with the issue of software tools for automated integrational ECU testing. It is specifically focused on TestAut 2 tool, which is developed by e4t company and used for testing of Skoda cars. Goal of this thesis is comparison of TestAut 2 against similar tools used in automotive industry. This work contains analysis of TestAut 2 tooland description of principles and features of EXAM, MODENA and PROVEtech tools. Set of principles considerd as advantageous is chosen from collected information. Next part of this thesis describes implementation of chosen principles to TestAut 2 tool, verification ofit's functionality and evaluation of it's benefits. In the conclusion author suggests another improvements that can be done.

This paper deals with the subject of refactoring usage in the development of object-oriented applications. It outlines the refactoring theory and the properties that influence the software project development. Prior to refactorization, the system has to be covered with tests. The actual refactoring can be applied during the development process as bug fixing, code review or the refactoring of the whole system. Presented in this work are the impacts of refactorization of OKsystem's company OKbase product and the evaluation with respect to the refactoring concepts of object-oriented applications.

As the speed of operation of VLSI devices has increased, delay fault testing has become a more important factor in VLSI testing. Due to the large number of gates in a VLSI circuit, the gate level test generation methodologies may become infeasible for delay test generation. In this work, a new behavioral delay fault model that aims at simplifying the delay test generation problem for digital circuits is presented. The model is defined using VHDL. It is shown that each defined behavioral level delay fault can be mapped to a gate level equivalent fault and/or physical failure. A systematic way of representing a behavioral model in terms of a data flow graph is presented. A behavioral level input-output path is defined and a strategy to generate tests for delay faults along a behavioral path is presented. It is then shown that tests developed from the behavioral model can test a gate level equivalent circuit for path delay faults. / Master of Science

BIDES (A BIST Design Expert System) is an expert system for incorporating BIST into a digital circuit described with VHDL. BIDES modifies a circuit to produce a self-testable circuit by inserting BIST hardware such as pseudorandom pattern generators and signature analysis registers. In inserting BIST hardware, BIDES not only makes a circuit self-testable, but also incorporates the appropriate type of BIST structure so that a set of user-specified constraints on hardware overhead and testing time can be satisfied. This flexibility comes from the formulation of the BIST design problem as a search problem. A satisfactory BIST structure is explored through an iterative process of evaluation and regeneration of BIST structure. The process of regeneration is performed by a problem solving technique called hierarchical planning. In order to apply a hierarchical planning technique, we introduce an abstraction hierarchy in BIST design. Using the abstraction hierarchy, the knowledge of the BIST design process is represented with several operators defined on the abstraction levels. This type of knowledge representation in conjunction with hierarchical planning led to an easy implementation of the system and results in an easily modifiable system. In this dissertation, we also study a BIST scheme called cascade testing. ln cascade testing, a signature analysis register is used concurrently as a test pattern generator in order to reduce the overall testing time by improving testing parallelism. The characteristics of the patterns generated by the signature analysis register are investigated through analysis as well as experiments. lt is shown that the patterns generated by signature analysis registers are rarely repeated when the number of patterns generated is relatively small compared to the number of all possible patterns. It is also shown that the patterns generated by signature analysis registers are almost random. Therefore, signature analysis registers can be used effectively as pseudorandom pattern generators. The practicality of cascade testing is investigated by fault simulation experiments using an example circuit. / Ph. D.

Informationsinfrastrukturer (II) är ett ständigt evolverande system som binder samman flera olika informationssystem till en fungerande helhet. Vi har undersökt SSBTEK som är en II som binder samman olika myndigheters informationssystem. I det här arbetet har vi fördjupat oss i hur testning av II går till, vilka faktorer som är avgörande för en omfattande II-testning. Vi har genomfört en fallstudie för att närmare undersöka en II och intervjuat dess designer och testare. Det vi har kommit fram till är att testmiljötillhandahållning från designerns sida kan spela den centrala rollen i II-testningen eftersom det kan öka förståelsen av komplexa data och möjliggör testning parallellt med vidareutvecklingen av II. Andra faktorer som är viktiga är kommunikation mellan designern och testaren och testdatakvalitet. / Information Infrastructure (II) is a constantly evolving system that connects several different information systems. We have examined SSBTEK which is an II that connects different state authority information systems. In this research we have studied the process of testing in II and which factors are crucial for a comprehensive II testing. We have conducted a case study to investigate II and interviewed its designers and testers. Our findings indicate that test environment availability is playing a crucial role in II testing because it can increase the understanding of complex data and enables testing parallel with the development of the II. Other important factors that are important in II testing are test data quality and communication between designers and testers.

O mecanismo de tratamento de exceções disponível em linguagens orientadas a objetos está sendo cada vez mais utilizado e representa cerca de 8% das linhas de código em programas escritos com linguagens de terceira geração, de acordo com algumas pesquisas. No entanto, este mecanismo está entre os menos compreendido pelos desenvolvedores e menos testado. A dificuldade de testar exceções aumenta na fase de teste de integração, porque exceções lançadas em um determinado nível e não tratadas podem subir na hierarquia de chamada. O uso de aspectos também pode introduzir novos tipos de defeitos, como por exemplo um adendo pode inserir lançamentos de exceções no programa sem que exista algum tratamento previsto para elas. Este trabalho apresenta uma proposta para testes de integração estrutural de fluxos de exceções de programas Java e AspectJ. Isto é feito propondo-se alterações na representação do fluxo de exceção no grafo de fluxo de controle integrado e propondo-se novos critérios baseados no fluxo de exceção. Além disso, essas propostas foram implementadas e geraram uma extensão da ferramenta chamada Ja-BUTi/AJ. Para avaliar a proposta deste trabalho, um estudo de caso e um experimento formal foram conduzidos. O estudo de caso teve como objetivo validar a extensão da JaBUTi/AJ desenvolvida e fazer uma avaliação inicial do custo de aplicação dos critérios propostos. O experimento formal realizou uma comparação entre as ferramentas JaBUTi/AJ e VITTAE no contexto do teste do fluxo de exceções. Ambos os estudos são apresentados e discutidos nesta dissertação / Exception handling mechanisms available in object-oriented languages have become increasingly used and account for about 8% of the lines of code in modern programs according to some empirical researches. Yet, this mechanism is among the least understood by programmers and the less tested. The difficulty of testing exceptions increases in the phase of integration testing (e.g. inter-class testing) because exceptions raised on a certain level and not handled can flow through the call hierarchy. Using aspects also cause other types of errors, e.g. an advice can insert exceptions not foreseen by the base program. This paper presents a proposal for structural integration testing of exception flows of Java and AspectJ programs. This is done by proposing changes to the classic control ow graph and by proposing new criteria based on the exception ow. Moreover, these proposals have been implemented in a tool named JaBUTi/AJ. To evaluate the proposal of this work, a case study and a formal experiment have been conducted. The case study had the objective of validating the JaBUTi/AJ extension developed and making a preliminary assessment of the cost to use the tool. The formal experiment made a comparison between the tools JaBUTi/AJ and VITTAE in the context of exception flow test. Both studies are presented and discussed in this dissertation

Paradigmas e técnicas de desenvolvimento como a programação Orientada a Objetos (OO) e a programação Orientada a Aspectos (OA) procuram melhorar os níveis de reuso e manutenibilidade na produção de software. Contudo, com a introdução de mecanismos com maior poder de expressividade e, consequentemente, a possível introdução de novos tipos de defeitos, a utilização de linguagens OO e OA pode se tornar um obstáculo ao invés de um auxílio ao desenvolvimento de software. Para lidar com esse problema, nesta dissertação é proposta uma abordagem de teste estrutural de integração para programas orientados a objetos e a aspectos implementados em Java e AspectJ. É definido um modelo de fluxo de controle e de dados baseado no bytecode Java { chamado Grafo Def-Uso Contextual (ou Contextual Def-Use graph) - que é uma abstração formada pela integração dos grafos Def-Uso Orientados a Aspectos (AODU) da unidade sob teste com todas as unidades que interagem direta ou indiretamente com ela até um nível de profundidade de interação máximo ou definido pelo testador. São defiidos três critérios de teste: todos-nós-integrados-Nd, todas-arestas-integradas-Nd e todos-usos-integrados-Nd. Para automatizar o uso do modelo e critérios propostos, a ferramenta JaBUTi/AJ foi estendida. Exemplos de usos são discutidos e, por meio de um estudo experimental, uma análise de aplicabilidade da abordagem proposta é apresentada / Development paradigms and techniques such as Object-Oriented (OO) programming and Aspect-Oriented (AO) programming aim at improving reuse levels and maintenability in the software production. However, due to the introduction of mechanisms to support a greater power of expressiveness and, consequently, possible introduction of new type of faults, the use of OO and AO languages might become an obstacle instead of a benefit in the software development. To deal with these problems, in this dissertation is presented an integration structural testing approach for objectand aspect-oriented software based on Java and AspectJ. It is defined a control- and data- ow model based on Java bytecode { called Contextual Def-Use graph { that is an abstraction composed by the integration of Aspect-Oriented Def-Use graphs (AODU) of the unit under testing with the units triggered by the execution of the unit under testing considering either a maximum interaction depth level or an interaction depth level previously defined by the tester. Three testing criteria are also defined: all-integrated-nodes-Nd, all-integrated-edges-Nd and all-integrated-uses-Nd. To automate the use of the model and the testing criteria, the JaBUTi/AJ tool was extended. Usage examples are discussed to explain the approach and an exploratory study is conducted to evaluate the applicability of the proposed approach

Para sistematizar os testes e contornar as restrições de tempo e custo associadas à atividade de teste, diversas técnicas, critérios e ferramentas têm sido desenvolvidas. Além disso, visando ao estabelecimento de uma estratégia de teste incremental, que apresente baixo custo de aplicação e alta eficácia em revelar a presença de erros, estudos teóricos e empíricos vêm sendo conduzidos pela comunidade de teste. O presente trabalho está inserido nesse contexto e tem como objetivo a realização de estudos empíricos para comparar a adequação entre os critérios baseados em erros - Análise de Mutantes (teste de unidade) e Mutação de Interface (teste de integração) - visando ao estabelecimento de estratégias de teste de baixo custo e eficazes, que englobem todo o ciclo de desenvolvimento de software. Nessa perspectiva, algumas estratégias incrementais de aplicação dos operadores de mutação de unidade e de integração são definidas, explorando o aspecto complementar dos critérios baseados em mutação, reduzindo com isso os custos da atividade de teste durante as fases do teste de unidade e de integração, sem comprometer sua qualidade. Ainda, um conjunto essencial de operadores de mutação para o critério Mutação de Interface é apresentado. / Techniques, criteria and tools have been developed and investigated making the testing activity more systematic and aiming at overcoming associated time and cost constraints. Pursuing the establishment of an incremental, low-cost and effective testing strategy, theoretical and empirical studies have been conducted by the testing community. The work proposed here is within this context and aims to conduct empirical studies for evaluating the adequacy between error based criteria - Mutation Analysis (unit testing) and Interface Mutation (integration testing). Therefore, this work intends to establish low-cost and effective testing strategies that would comprise all software development cycle. In this perspective, some incremental testing strategies for mutant operators application are defined exploring the complementary aspects of unit and integration error based criteria, reducing theirs costs without losses in testing quality. In this scope, an essential mutant operators set for Interface Mutation criterion is characterized.

No description available.

The focus of my thesis is an introduction of interventional physical training into the gym lessons at primary schools in the whole South Czech district. Research was performed in fifteen schools where mentally handicapped people are educated. The program contained simple physical games, psychomotorical and yoga exercises, with the aim to develop physical capability and ability of mentally handicapped pupils. The program was applied for five months and verified with the use of initial and final measurement. The acquired data were statistically processed and evaluated.