Cars in virtual worlds are typically controlled by handcrafted rules. Creating such rules is often time-consuming and has to be repeated every time environment is altered. The goal of this thesis is to explore suitable machine learning techniques and create a good looking simulation of cars driving on an urban road network. The resulting model is a feedforward network directly controlling throttle, steering, and brake. The network is capable of following the assigned road and avoid collisions with other agents on crossroads without traffic lights. The model was trained using the Proximal policy optimization algorithm enhanced by GAIL, curiosity, behavioral cloning, and curriculum learning. In this paper, we have also shown that the resulting behavior, while not completely perfect, is good enough for use in a simulation. 1

This diploma thesis aims to describe the transformations in selected ethical aspects of journalism with the advent of artificial intelligence, i.e. in other words to present a list of areas where ethical problems can occur in journalism when media organisations begin to apply artificial intelligence systems. It does so with the help of a synthesis of information from foreign studies that are already dealing with this issue. At the same time, however, it also offers the results of semi-structured interviews with three Czech experts in artificial intelligence, which list other possible changes in ethical aspects in journalism using artificial intelligence. Through synthesis and interviews, we answer questions about which aspects they are and how they change, and the results show that the range of things that will need to be paid attention to when involving artificial intelligence in journalism is varied. Some problems are based on existing ones, some are completely new and unprecedented. The results outline a theoretical framework that can serve as a basis for research into various case studies of this issue.

The thesis deals with intelligence, as a socio-cultural concept that has its own history and development. It thus deconstructs the naturalized notions of a biological "essence" of intelligence, which has not been proved to this day. The scientific and philosophical modes of thinking, that participated in both "inventing" intelligence and its forming, are introduced. The analysis of the primary sources enables to compass the reflection of these dominant scientific approaches towards intelligence in the Czech expert discourses. The thesis also reflects on the important role intelligence has in the assessment of mental norm and disability, and it thus analyses the perception of disability during the defined historical period, including the discourse analysis of the different representations of disability. Key words Intelligence, disability, craniometry, eugenics, pedagogy, medicine, biopower.

1 Law and Artificial Intelligence Abstract At present, the legal order of the Czech Republic is not directly concerned with artificial intelligence, even though the first technologies and systems based on it are already appearing. However, a number of soft law materials (strategies, plans and declarations) issued both by the Czech authorities and also within the European Union (especially by the European Commission) deal with artificial intelligence. Both Czech and EU materials are outlined in the thesis and are considered in further research. The aim of this thesis is to evaluate the actual needs to deal with artificial intelligence from a legal point of view and whether the current legislation is sufficient and applicable to artificial intelligence systems. After the introductory part, the thesis gives an overview of the history of artificial intelligence and its development, tries to define the term of artificial intelligence and related terms (algorithm, machine learning, deep learning) and then examines whether artificial intelligence can be included under some legal concepts (categories) already existing (artificial intelligence as a computer program, thing, product, computer virus and more). Furthermore, the thesis discusses the development and research of artificial intelligence, including ethical...

In this thesis we aim to build algebraic models in computer using machine learning methods and in particular neural networks. We start with a set of axioms that describe functions, constants and relations and use them to train neural networks approximating them. Every element is represented as a real vector, so that neural networks can operate on them. We also explore and compare different representations. The main focus in this thesis are groups. We train neural representations for cyclic (the simplest) and symmetric (the most complex) groups. Another part of this thesis are experiments with extending such trained models by introducing new "algebraic" elements, not unlike the classic extension of rational numbers Q[ √ 2]. 1

This diploma thesis deals with building a chatbot for the MojiLidi system, which helps to find specialists and companies providing their services and products. Chatbot is a type of interface that is controlled by a natural language conversation. Thus, users do not need to know the meaning of buttons or forms and for them it is enough just to say request. The work describes the main parts of chatbot such as understanding the natural language, managing the dialogue, creating responses, communication channel and the conversational user interface. Consequently, such a conversation agent is created and integrated into the MojiLidi web interface from where it helps users in 4 domains.

Legal Aspects of Artificial Intelligence Abstract The inclusion and further development of artificial intelligence creates novel legal challenges. This thesis attempts to chronologically follow the "life cycle" of artificial intelligence. Firstly, the very concept of artificial intelligence and other related technical and legal terms are explained. Secondly, the creator's rights to artificial intelligence are described, as well as the employees' role in the development of artificial intelligence. The thesis concludes with an analysis of the "creative" possibilities of contemporary artificial intelligence, along with the current Czech regulation of copyright protection. In this thesis the author tries to make the complex issue of the current state of legal regulation of artificial intelligence and its development tendencies accessible to lawyers. This is achieved by on one hand covering the capabilities of artificial intelligence and on the other hand by emphasizing the limitations of today's artificial intelligence. In the conclusion of the introductory chapter, the author offers a legal definition of artificial intelligence for the needs of copyright law. Furthermore, the thesis discusses the legal status of the programmer as a creator of artificial intelligence, and of IT companies in business...

In connection with the development of autonomous systems supporting artificial intelligence technologies, respectively machine learning, there is a growing concern both in the public and in the media, as well as among legislators and developers. Naturally, such concerns have naturally arisen in the case of other, earlier technologies, but it is clear that there is something atypical in the case of modern technologies. The period when robots, artificial intelligence and other autonomous systems were only a sci-fi topic is already to some extent obsolete and autonomous systems in various forms have been reaching a large number of areas for several years and represent an integral element of the world around us. In practice, more and more companies are engaged in the development of autonomous systems equipped with artificial intelligence, especially the development of chatbots, autonomous vehicles or autonomous drones is nowadays a good example that the operation of similar systems is not so far from reality. In the first and subsequent second chapter, the paper deals in general with an introduction to the topic of autonomous systems with an emphasis on artificial intelligence, respectively machine learning technologies, description of society's ideas of these new technologies, basic defining features...

This thesis is focused on information retrieval in the context of its historical development, it presents trends in integration of intelligent features in it, and thus the emergence of intelligent information retrieval. Individual intelligent elements are described in a separate chapter, following chapter then introduces their use, including specific examples. Thesis also traces research on the topic of intelligent information retrieval in selected institutions both in the Czech republic and abroad; results of this survey for Czech republic are presented in the enclosed search.

This thesis deals with robot path planning. It contains an overview of general approaches for path planning and describes methods of swarm intelligence and their application for robot path planning. This paper also contains proposals of adjustments for ant algorithms and it presents experimental results of algorithm implementation.