(in English): The purpose of this thesis is to describe developments of research in the field of artificial intelligence, from the point of view reflecting changes in current paradigms, and to analyze contemporary tendencies. This thesis systemically places the paradigm term into contexts of theoretical sciences and it explains in what way the term is being used. Further, the thesis describes artificial intelligence and several selected components. The thesis researches the basic paradigms of artificial intelligence - the symbolic and connectionistic paradigm, and is also researching new approaches and analyzing their beginnings and important development periods. The thesis analyzes reasons that were behind these developments. In addition to questions related to technical developments, financial support of selected research played an important role. The closing part of the thesis also analyzes reasons of current artificial intelligence expansion, worries connected to this expansion, and current research trends.

The work deals with the understanding of own emotions in preschool children and the possibilities of its development. The literature review part presents the most well-known models of emotional intelligence and understanding of own emotions as its basic component. It also describes the developmental specifics of the preschool period with an emphasis on emotional development, and in particular the development of understanding of emotions. Factors that influence emotional development and ways in which emotional intelligence and specifically understanding of emotions can be developed are presented. The aim of the research part is to investigate, through a qualitative study design, how the expression of understanding of one's own emotions in preschool children changes after the intervention, in which the publication Emušáci: Ferda a jeho mouchy by Michaela Dostálová, Sylvia Jančiová and Helena Vlčková is used. The data are collected through individual structured interviews and processed by thematic analysis. The results describe how preschool children express their understanding of their own emotions and what changes occur in this respect after the implementation of the chosen form of intervention. Keywords Understanding emotions, preschool children, emotional intelligence, qualitative research, Emušáci

This work deals with current chatterbot systems. It describes problems and possibilities of improvement with emphasis on natural language processing and emotion modeling during conversation. There is an implementation, based on the described knowledge, introduced in the second part of the thesis, also with experimental success rate evaluation.

The thesis deals with thought, mentality and conceptions of the higher education students. It focuses especially on discussions and controversies between students and party, state or universities authorities and aims at frictions which spread in official discourse and arose from student demands on more space for autonomous activity. Its main concern is the way in which these controversies were related to power transformations in the Central-European dictatorship since 1956. As an example of young intelligentsia, activists of youth and student organizations at higher education institutions in Warsaw, Prague and Bratislava have been chosen. The thesis is divided into three parts. The first part researches on the conceptions of intimate, especially problems of youth sexuality, student marriage and living conditions of young families. The second part deals with the conceptions of equality in relation to centralized work-placement of graduates. The power authorities in the state-socialist society laid stress on social equality of all citizens, but paradoxically it produced strong inequality at a local level and undermined work, social and transnational mobility. The third parts researches on conceptions of difference. In this case, authorities claimed generation unity and culture uniformity for the whole...

Background: The increasing reliance on Artificial Intelligence (AI) in personalized marketing has reshaped consumer interactions in the digital era. With technological advancements, there is a growing need to explore how AI-driven personalization influences consumer behavior, particularly in satisfaction, loyalty, and ethical considerations. Purpose: This thesis investigates the impact of AI-driven personalized marketing on consumer perceptions, attitudes, and behaviors. It aims to understand how trust and ethical considerations such as data privacy and algorithmic bias influence consumer responses and engagement with personalized marketing. Method: Employing a quantitative approach, this study integrates quantitative analysis from surveys conducted on 100 participants. This method provides a comprehensive understanding of the implications of AI-driven personalization. Statistical tools like SPSS were used for data analysis, ensuring rigorous examination of the collected data. Conclusion: The findings reveal a nuanced response to personalized marketing. While AI-driven personalization can enhance consumer engagement and satisfaction, transparency and ethical considerations are critical in securing consumer trust and loyalty. The study underscores the importance of ethical marketing practices and the need for continuous adaptation to technological advancements to align with consumer expectations and ethical standards. This research contributes to academic discussions on personalized marketing and offers strategic insights for integrating technological advancements with consumer-centric approaches in marketing practices.

There remain inconsistencies in the literature concerning the intelligence of subjects infected with latent toxoplasmosis. The main goals of this work are to find out whether, a) latent toxoplasmosis influences the intelligence of infected subjects and b) whether Rh negative and Rh positive subjects respond to the infection in different ways. In this work we used a complex test of intelligence, The Structure Intelligence Test I-S-T 2000 R. We were able to statistically control for the confounding variable the size of the place of residence in childhood. This had benefits when compared to previous studies. The differences in intelligence were measured in students of The Faculty of Science. The sample used included 46 toxoplasma-infected and 188 toxoplasma-free individuals. Using nonparametric tests we found lower numerical, fluid and general intelligence in toxoplasma-infected subjects compared to noninfected subjects. In addition, these tendencies were also observed in the results of parametric tests. Further to these components of intelligence there was also found to be a lower component of numerical knowledge in toxoplasma-infected males. By contrast, no differences between infected and noninfected individuals was found to occur in the female test subjects. No statistically significant...

The Theory of Multiple Intelligences in English Lessons at Primary School Abstract to the diploma thesis Lenka Drlíková Annotation The diploma thesis focuses on the multiple intelligences theory of Howard Gardner, the professor of Harvard University who presented nine different forms of intelligence. The thesis explores the usage and application of the theory through selected activities within English classes. The practical part further includes the result of questionnaires concerning the primary pupils' preference towards concrete activities focused on particular types of intelligence. Keywords: multiple intelligences, primary school pupil, individual approach, English language teaching

This thesis examines the relationship of verbal intelligence and social cognition through verbal subtests of Wechsler intelligence scales for adults (3rd revision) and Differential Self and Complexity of representations of People and Understanding of Social Causality scales in Thematic Apercepčního Test. The theoretical part introduces the concepts of intelligence and social cognition, as well as psychological tests of intelligence tests and apperception techniques. The theoretical part also focuses on the social intelligence as an answer to the question of the relationship between intelligence and social cognition. In the empirical part of the thesis data collected from 30 probands is processed who underwent testing above mentioned psychological tests. The data are processed with correlation and factor analysis. The conclusions statistical processing are in the thesis further developed in the context of the theoretical base of scientific knowledge. The discussion points to limits of the testing and suggests options for the future researchs.

5 Abstract The work deals with the development of cognitive skills by the method of the Feuerstein Instrumental enrichment for seniors in a residential care. It should clarify whether the Instrumental Enrichment Program is practicable when working with seniors and how it will affect the development of cognitive abilities of these people. The theoretical part deals with the period of the old age, the cognitive specific of seniors, the contemporary views on the brain functioning, and especially with the Instrumental Enrichment Program.The practical part includes the results of the qualitative research. The main method of data collection was a " dynamic assessment " of the cognitive test and the case studies. The qualitative results evaluation of the Addenbrooke cognitive test showed the improvement in the solution methods almost in all levels ( input , elaboration and output) . The results of the study showed that the Instrumental Enrichment Program is very suitable for the seniors. Its use is meaningful not only for clients with mild cognitive insult but it is also very effective for the people with more severe degrees of dementia.

The aim of the thesis is to cover the variability of the protectorate press propaganda in relation to the generational and social belonging of the target readership group. This has been researched through analysing three collaboration newspapers - Arijský boj, Zteč and Přítomnost. Propagandist images have been reconstructed based on an analysis of three large topics, namely depicting the classes of the protectorate intellectuals, the youth and finally the Jewish minority. Except for covering the specific propagandist techniques, the aim is also an attempt to evaluate the perspectives of accepting these images by the protectorate society, and of explaining why they failed. Due to the primary sources that were used in the research, presented thesis affects mainly the period between 1942 and 1945.