The goal of the commodity expert project was to develop a prototype program that would act as an intelligent assistant to a commodity market analyst. Since expert analysis must deal with very large, yet incomplete, data bases of unreliable facts about a complex world, the project would stringently test the applicability of Artificial Intelligence techniques. After a significant effort however, I am forced to the conclusion that an intelligent, real-world system of the kind envisioned is currently out of reach. Some of the difficulties were due to the size and complexity of the domain. As its true scale became evident, the available resources progressively appeared less adequate. The representation and reasoning problems that arose were persistently difficult and fundamental work is needed before the tools will be sufficient to engineer truly intelligent assistants. Despite these difficulties, perhaps even because of them, much can be learned from the project. To assist future applications projects, I explain in this report some of the reasons for the negative result, and also describe some positive ideas that were gained along the way. In doing so, I hope to convey the respect I have developed for the complexity of real-world domains, and the difficulty of describing the ways experts deal them.

This thesis sets out to explore possible applications of speech recognition in construction equipment and autonomous machines. Advancements in autonomous vehicle technology mean that soon, vehicles like wheel loaders will be able perform tasks without human operators. Those vehicles still require a method of interaction with humans and recent improvements in speech recognition mean that it is possible for a natural voice-based interface to be used. The research question of this thesis is the extent to which voice control can replace hand-operated controls in an intelligent autonomous machine. Interviews and observation sessions took place in order to identify the requirements such a speech interface would have to fulfill. Next, a design process took place in order to build a prototype of such system, followed by test sessions to evaluate it. The prototype demonstrated positive attributes, with great learnability and ease of operation, but speech recognition errors meant low performance, and overall user satisfaction. / Detta examensarbete ämnar utforska möjliga tillämpningar av taligenkänning i byggutrustning samt självstyrande fordon. Framsteg i självstyrande fordonsteknologi visar att fordon som hjullastare kommer kunna utföra uppgifter själv, utan operatörer, inom kort framtid. I nuläget krävs ännu människor för att interagera med maskinen. Men nya framsteg i röststyrning visar att röstbaserade gränssnitt kan tillämpas. Forskningsfrågan i detta arbete är: Till vilken utsträckning kan röststyrning ersätta handmanövrerade instrument i ett intelligent självstyrt fordon? En etnografisk forskning ägde rum för att identifiera de krav som ett sådant gränssnitt skulle behöva uppfylla. En designprocess ägde rum för att utveckla en prototyp för ett sådant system. Prototypen utvärderades genom tester och påvisade positiva egenskaper. Den visade sig vara både lätt att lära samt enkel vid användning. Teknologin i taligenkänning påvisade dock brister genom dålig prestanda samt låg användarnöjdhet.

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Artificial Intelligence is being developed and implemented into everyday technologies at an ever increasing speed and the need to make Artificial Intelligence behave human-like has shown to be of importance in an effort to reduce the gap between human and computer. This study examines the state of human-like attributes in current the Intelligent Assistant Google Home to then further explore the design opportunities for a more human-like interaction with Intelligent Assistants. Through interviews, design experiments and prototypes this thesis arrives at a final design proposal for future implementation in Intelligent Assistants which defines what a human- like interaction entails for the people involved in this study.

The evaluation of software process is considered an important tool and commonly used to point out the way, where the organization must apply its efforts to improve processes. In particular, the assessment process proposed by the MA-MPS requires the presentation of objective evidence showing satisfaction of the expected results of processes and results of process attributes of a certain level of maturity. The problem of presentation of objective evidence boils down in the difficulty of the managers responsible for processes in interpreting these results described in the Spreadsheet of Indicators. In addition, there are cases where the implementer of the MPS model not has enough time to monitor the entire fill or revision of the spreadsheet, before submitting it for evaluation of processes. Thus, the occurrence of errors in filling can occur and affect the outcome of the evaluation. In this context, is presented the intelligent assistant, Expert Mentoring, which is designed to support, through questions, the managers responsible for processes in the interpreting the expected results of processes and results of attributes of process described in the Spreadsheet of Indicators, where the final of these questions will suggest direct and indirect indicators, which are more suitable for proof of these results. In this sense, the main results of the evaluation of the Expert Mentoring were: decreasing the number of errors in completing the spreadsheet, and recall the name of the indicator, even before the suggestion of the intelligent assistant. / Fundação de Amparo a Pesquisa do Estado de Alagoas / A avaliação de processo de software é considerada uma ferramenta importante e, comumente, usada para apontar o caminho, onde a organização precisa aplicar seus esforços em prol da melhoria dos processos. Em particular, a avaliação de processos proposta pelo MA-MPS exige a apresentação de evidências objetivas que comprovem a satisfação dos resultados esperados de processos e resultados de atributos de processos de determinado nível de maturidade. O problema da apresentação de evidências objetivas se resume na dificuldade dos gerentes responsáveis pelos processos em interpretar esses resultados descritos na Planilha de Indicadores. Além disso, há casos em que o implementador do modelo MPS não dispõe de tempo suficiente para acompanhar todo o preenchimento ou revisão da planilha, antes de submetê-la à avaliação de processos. Assim, a ocorrência de erros de preenchimento pode acontecer e comprometer o resultado da avaliação. Neste contexto, é apresentado o assistente inteligente, Expert Mentoring, cujo objetivo é apoiar, através de perguntas, os gerentes responsáveis pelos processos na interpretação dos resultados esperados de processos e resultados de atributos de processos descritos na Planilha de Indicadores, onde ao final destas perguntas sugere indicadores diretos e indiretos, que sejam mais adequados para a comprovação destes resultados. Nesse sentido, os principais resultados obtidos com a avaliação do Expert Mentoring foram: a diminuição do número de erros de preenchimento da planilha, e a recordação do nome do indicador, antes mesmo da sugestão do assistente inteligente.

Le diagnostic du cancer du sein est une activité humaine qui dépend du contexte dans lequel il est réalisé. Ce contexte se traduit par l'existence de très nombreux éléments qui rend l'automatisation de cette activité impossible. Depuis quelques années, la numérisation des lames (support de raisonnement) a incité les pathologistes à passer à l'analyse d'image de lames à l'écran. Cette migration a offre la possibilité d'une procéduralisation au moins partielle de leurs méthodes d'analyse. Dans le cadre de cette thèse, nous nous sommes intéressés à l'activité d'analyse d'une image de lame par un pathologiste qui est modélisée dans le formalisme des graphes contextuels dans le but de proposer une solution permettant d'assister les pathologistes dans leurs diagnostics. Notre Consultant fait partie des Systèmes d'Assistance Intelligents basés sur le Contexte. L'outil principal du Consultant est basé sur la Simulation à partir de pratiques expertes décrites dans un graphe contextuel. En partant d'une image que le pathologiste doit analyser, le simulateur va développer une pratique qui est la plus adaptée au contexte de travail. Le résultat de la simulation va donc être la pratique résultante et toutes les informations sur la manière dont cette pratique a été obtenue. Le consultant propose alors à l'utilisateur une visualisation des résultats des simulations réalisées permettant de les analyser et de les comparer. / Breast cancer diagnosis is a human activity that is context-dependent. The context contains a large number of elements that limits strongly any possibility de complete automation. Recently, digitization of slides (reasoning support) prompted pathologists to migrate from slide analysis under microscope to slide image analysis on the screen. This migration offers a possibility of partial proceduralization of their analysis methods. In this thesis, we are interested on the activity of slide image analysis by a pathologist that is modeled in the Contextual-Graphs formalism with the goal to propose a solution to support pathologists in their diagnosis. Our Consultant belongs to the class of Context based Intelligent Assistant Systems. The main tool of the consultant is based on the simulation of expert practices described in a contextual graph. Starting from an image to analyze, the simulator will develop a practice that is the most adapted to the working context. The output of the simulation is the resulting practice and ll information about its development. The consultant proposes to the user a visualization of the different results for analysis and comparison.

隨著資訊科技的發展，網際網路成為個人獲得資訊的主要來源之一。但是過多的資訊產生資訊爆炸(information overload)的現象，人們除了要在眾多資訊中找尋想要的資訊外，還需要擔心所尋找到的資訊的品質是否良好。因此，推薦系統提供了一個良好的解決方法。推薦系統透過分群與推薦的技術來達到減少資訊量與推估使用者潛在興趣的目的。目前推薦系統多應用在單一維度的推薦，本論文希望藉由某一情境來探討多維度推薦的應用，所以選擇助理軟體來實現多維度推薦的應用。選擇助理軟體是由於其已經成為個人日常生活中時常使用的工具，且由於助理軟體管理個人日常生活中的大小事務，成為最貼近個人的工具。若專注在個人行事曆的安排上，我們可以發現個人行事曆安排牽涉到有人、事、時、地、物五個維度。因此我們以五維度做分群，透過合作推薦(Collaborative Recommender)的方式將可以達到個人潛在興趣的多維度(Multi-Dimensions)推薦。本研究將以行事歷排定為情境，來說明如何將五個維度的各種可能組合依照其契合個人興趣的程度來進行推薦，這將使得助理軟體的內容更加豐富，且能貼近使用者的需求，提供意想不到的資訊組合。 / With the development of information science and technology, assistant software becomes a tool which often uses in personal daily life, and because all kinds of affairs in personal daily life that assistant software is managed, so assistant software becomes a tool which personally close to people. Intelligent assistant software hopes to make assistant software have intelligence which is similar to the mankind. Just like a personal general secretary, arrange the most proper individualized journey. Further, it can combine the idea of Recommender system to recommend the journey of the potential interest while arranging in the personal journey. This research proposes an intelligent assistant software with five- dimensions include of people, thing, when, location and things, uses cooperative Recommender approach to reach multi-dimension recommendation of personal potential interest. This research will give example of meeting as the situation to explain how to make five-dimensions recommendation according to personal interest. This will make the content of assistant software more abundant, and can press close to the user's demand.