Thesis (M.S.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, 1982. / MICROFICHE COPY AVAILABLE IN ARCHIVES AND ENGINEERING / Bibliography: leaves 101-103. / by Sriram K. Atreya. / M.S.

Thesis (M.S.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, 1982. / MICROFICHE COPY AVAILABLE IN ARCHIVES AND ENGINEERING / Bibliography: leaves 90-91. / by Brij Mohan Masand. / M.S.

Thesis (M.S.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, 1980. / MICROFICHE COPY AVAILABLE IN ARCHIVES AND ENGINEERING. / Vita. / Bibliography: leaves 98-102. / by Brad Allen Myers. / M.S.

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Submitted by Filipe dos Santos (fsantos@pucsp.br) on 2017-12-05T13:17:55Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Leonardo Antonio Lins.pdf: 2767772 bytes, checksum: 2bba9ae19e56f8b81a46bab33a681412 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-12-05T13:17:55Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Leonardo Antonio Lins.pdf: 2767772 bytes, checksum: 2bba9ae19e56f8b81a46bab33a681412 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-11-10 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPES / This work investigates information technologies applied to objects and seeks to comprehend how computer distribution in domestic environments can affect an interacting individual attention to objects that offer computational capabilities earlier applied only to computers. The research is set off from the presentation of a technological panorama where the possibility of pulverization of small computers integrated in domestic objects is enabled by the application of the concept of Internet of Things through the possibility of a wireless connection and the use of sensors and actuators. Based on the contribution of authors such as Marc Weiser, Amber Case and Claire Rowland, the concepts of computing dispersed through a domestic environment are analysed. Later on, the study fundamentals where attention is explored are presented, as well as the impact of technological changes expressed during industrialization, period when the attention issue is manifested in Jonathan Crary’s text. After discussions on attention matters, Weiser’s formulation regarding rudiments of a Calm Technology that is capable of offering interactions without demanding the constant of the individual’s attention is presented. Finally, with the intent of raising from interaction design and interface fundamentals, elements that constitute the approach of user’s experience are studied, in order to facilitate the presentation and discussion of examples of connected and interactive objects from an interaction between individuals and connected objects perspective. The application of concepts from interaction design with distributed technology is contemporary and still experimental, enabled by technological development, however, the discussion of these applications exposes the need for comprehension that objects become interactive, as well as computers and mobile devices / O presente trabalho investiga as tecnologias da informação aplicadas a objetos e busca compreender como a distribuição da computação em ambientes domésticos pode afetar a atenção de indivíduos de interação com objetos que oferecem capacidades computacionais antes aplicadas somente aos computadores. A pesquisa parte da apresentação de um panorama tecnológico onde a possibilidade da pulverização de pequenos computadores integrados em objetos domésticos se torna capaz pela aplicação do conceito da internet das coisas através das capacidades de conexão a uma rede sem fio e uso de sensores e atuadores. Fundamentando-se nas contribuições de autores como Marc Weiser, Amber Case e Claire Rowland, os conceitos de uma computação distribuída em um ambiente doméstico são analisados. Em momento posterior, os fundamentos de estudos, onde a atenção é explorada, são apresentados, assim como o impacto das mudanças tecnológicas, manifestado durante a industrialização, momento em que o problema da atenção se manifesta no texto de Jonathan Crary. Após discussão sobre questões da atenção, a formulação de Weiser sobre os rudimentos de uma Tecnologia Calma, que seja capaz de oferecer interações sem exigir a constante da atenção do indivíduo, é apresentada. Por fim, com a intenção de levantar os fundamentos do design de interação e interface, elementos que constituem a abordagem da experiência do usuário são estudados, assim, a apresentação e discussão de exemplos de objetos conectados e interativos se torna possível do ponto de vista da interação entre indivíduo e objetos conectados. A aplicação de conceitos do design de interação com a tecnologia distribuída é algo contemporâneo e ainda experimental, sendo possível pelo desenvolvimento tecnológico, mas, a discussão dessas aplicações expõe a necessidade da compreensão que objetos se tornam interativos, bem como computadores e dispositivos móveis

The goal of this thesis is to synthesize believable motions of a character interacting with its surroundings and manipulating objects through physical contacts and forces. Human-like autonomous avatars are in increasing demand in areas such as entertainment, education, and health care. Yet modeling the basic human motor skills of locomotion and manipulation remains a long-standing challenge in animation research. The seemingly simple tasks of navigating an uneven terrain or grasping cups of different shapes involve planning with complex kinematic and physical constraints as well as adaptation to unexpected perturbations. Moreover, natural movements exhibit unique personal characteristics that are complex to model. Although motion capture technologies allow virtual actors to use recorded human motions in many applications, the recorded motions are not directly applicable to tasks involving interactions for two reasons. First, the acquired data cannot be easily adapted to new environments or different tasks goals. Second, acquisition of accurate data is still a challenge for fine scale object manipulations. In this work, we utilize data to create natural looking animations, and mitigate data deficiency with physics-based simulations and numerical optimizations. We develop algorithms based on a single reference motion for three types of control problems. The first problem focuses on motions without contact constraints. We use joint torque patterns identified from the captured motion to simulate responses and recovery of the same style under unexpected pushes. The second problem focuses on locomotion with foot contacts. We use contact forces to control an abstract dynamic model of the center of mass, which sufficiently describes the locomotion task in the input motion. Simulation of the abstract model under unexpected pushes or anticipated changes of the environment results in responses consistent with both the laws of physics and the style of the input. The third problem focuses on fine scale object manipulation tasks, in which accurate finger motions and contact information are not available. We propose a sampling method to discover contact relations between the hand and the object from only the gross motion of the wrists and the object. We then use the abundant contact constraints to synthesize detailed finger motions. The algorithm creates finger motions of various styles for a diverse set of object shapes and tasks, including ones that are not present at capture time. The three algorithms together control an autonomous character with dexterous hands to interact naturally with a virtual world. Our methods are general and robust across character structures and motion contents when testing on a wide variety of motion capture sequences and environments. The work in this thesis brings closer the motor skills of a virtual character to its human counterpart. It provides computational tools for the analysis of human biomechanics, and can potentially inspire the design of novel control algorithms for humanoid robots.

Throughout a typical day, people complete myriad tasks and activities such as locking the front door as they run errands around the neighborhood, preparing meals and drinks, taking care of family, pets, plants, and so on. In managing the progress of these everyday activities, people may nd themselves needing to recall what they have already done. In this research, I explored how to design an unobtrusive memory aid that reduces the cost of distraction and general multitasking by fluidly supporting memory recall of repetitive actions. I built the Cook's Collage as one example system that captures close-range photographs of ingredient additions during everyday home cooking to display as an ongoing visual summary of the open-ended activity. I contribute this augmentative technology as a memory aid in contrast to more directive, obtrusive, and yet constrained systems that seek to remove human error through automation and scripted guidance. I explored how to evaluate memory augmentation by simulating real-life situations of multitasking and interruptions that distracted cooks participating in my experimental study. From examining their behavior and attitudes with and without the Cook's Collage, I demonstrated that 1) Visually summarizing activities by capturing items used within the activity in the same physical surroundings can provide sufficient context in recalling memory for actions, 2) User interaction with accurate memory support that complements and supplements rather than interferes with memory practices, activity constraints, and environmental surroundings can effectively augment memory recall, and 3) Barriers to using provided memory support can include unawareness of memory need and predilection to own memory ability and routine.

This thesis describes a new method of constructing a real-time interactive software system for a minicomputer to enable the interactive facilities to be extended and improved in a multitasking environment which supports structured programming concepts. A memory management technique called Software Virtual Memory Management, which is implemented entirely in software, is used to extend the concept of hardware virtual memory management. This extension unifies the concepts of memory space allocation and control and of file system management, resulting in a system which is simple and safe for the application oriented user. The memory management structures are also used to provide exceptional protection facilities. A number of users can work interactively, using a high-level structured language in a multi-tasking environ=ment, with very secure access to shared data bases. A system is described which illustrates these concepts. This system is implemented using an interpreter and significant improvements in the performance of interpretive systems are shown to be possible using the structures presented. The system has been implemented on a Varian minicomputer as well as on a microprogrammable micro= processor. The virtual memory technique has been shown to work with a variety of bulk storage devices and should be particularly suitable for use with recent bulk storage developments such as bubble memory and charge coupled devices. A detailed comparison of the performance of the system vis-a-vis that of a FORTRAN based system executing in-line code with swapping has been performed by means of a process control Case study. These measurements show that an interpretive system using this new memory management technique can have a performance which is comparable to or better than a compiler. oriented system. / Thesis (Ph.D.)-University of Natal, 1978.

Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Oregon, 2007. / Typescript. Includes vita and abstract. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 134-139). Also available for download via the World Wide Web; free to University of Oregon users.

Thesis (Ed. D.)--Illinois State University, 2003. / Title from title page screen, viewed March 21, 2005. Dissertation Committee: Dent Rhodes (chair), Temba Bassoppo-Moyo, Cheri Toledo, David B. Williams, Larry W. Long. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 113-117) and abstract. Also available in print.