Ease of use with digital tabletops in public settings is contingent on how well the system invites and guides interaction. The same can be said for the interface design and individual graphical user interface elements of these systems. One such interface element is menus. Prior to a menu being used however, it must first be discovered within the interface. Existing research pertaining to digital tabletop menu design does not address this issue of discovering or opening a menu. This thesis investigates how the interface and interaction of digital tabletops can be designed to encourage menu discoverability in the context of public settings. A set of menu invocation designs varying on the invocation element and use of animation are proposed. These designs are then evaluated through an observational study at a museum to observe users interactions in a realistic public setting. Findings from this study propose the use of discernible and recognizable interface elements – buttons – supported by the use of animation to attract and guide users as a discoverable menu invocation design. Additionally, findings posit that when engaging with a public digital tabletop display, users transition through exploration and discovery states before becoming competent with the system. Finally, insights from this study point to a set of design recommendations for improving menu discoverability.

With the growing importance of e-learning and increased competition among e learning providers, website designers must cater to users' needs more accurately. Interfaces need to provide the features users demand to experience an optimal learning environment. This empirical research investigates whether the function of specific e learning features are either basic, performance related, indifferent, or attractive. The Kano model is applied to examine the impact of 73 e learning features on satisfaction. 1,034 completed questionnaires from an online survey distributed to economics and business students are the basis for the assignment to the Kano factors. Results show that among others, basic features include learning statistics, sample exams, and videotaped lectures. Educational videos are seen as an attractive factor. In terms of different groups of learners, findings confirm that Bachelor students are more demanding than Master and Doctoral students. Additionally, importance ratings allow recommendations for an implementation sequence for the features examined.

The objective of the thesis is to introduce the reader to the topic of user interfaces and their design, to provide basic information about the concepts and methods used for the development of user interfaces. The author based the theoretical part of the work on a particular interface design approach - user centered design. The practical part applies selected methods that are described in the theoretical part, the optimization and design of a user interface for a specific application is described. The design process precedes an analysis of other competitive products, the identification of target groups of clients and their needs, the optimization of existing key processes, the development of existing functionalities and proposals for the implementation of new functionalities. Against this background, the author creates a web application interface design and associated mobile application designs. The end of the work deals with designing a model for payments as a system service and outlines possible further extensions of the system.

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Information visualization tools provide visual representations of data (commonly known as visualizations), textual representations of data and interactive operations on both these representations. It is possible, in theory, to make use of only the textual representations in order to detect trends and patterns in data. However, it would be extremely laborious and ineffective and it defeats the purpose of a visualization tool. Novices have had the problem of relying on text and failing to successfully detect trends in data because it was too laborious. We want users to effectively use visual representations to detect trends in data. Information visualization tools have been shown to be successful with experts. But can novice users using a visualization tool for the first-time, adopt visualization-based strategies to finding trends and patterns in data? This thesis derives a framework of learnable elements in an interactive coordinated-view visualization tool. This framework provides an outline of prerequisites to be learned in order to effectively use visualizations. That is, the new aspects of visualization tools must be mastered so that novices can use the tool effectively. Three interface design principles are derived to make these elements learnable to novice users: • The data-first approach - Provide a prominent overview of all available data, as opposed to showing only visualizations. This helps understand the data structure - this may be essential knowledge in being able to navigate to required data attributes. • The "less visualization, more explanation" approach - Show more explanations of visualizations at the expense of being able to pack in more visualizations. Explanations help identify how data is mapped onto visual marks, a crucial step in understanding visualizations. • The "predetermined task-based coordinations" approach - Provide separate predetermined sets of coordinated visualizations that help achieve different tasks. This is different from techniques that simply present all visualization types and expect users to choose coordinations according to tasks. Two versions of Datamaps visualization tool for Census data were tested. Both were equivalent in functionality and the kinds of visualizations offered. But the new version was specifically designed based on the three design principles. A usability study showed that the version that was implemented according to the three design principles successfully led novices to effectively use visualization-based strategies to detect trends and patterns in data. / Master of Science

O design é abordado neste trabalho desde a sua criação com a Bauhaus, passando por suas definições e conceituações, assim como também aponta os avanços tecnológicos da informática em especial à computação gráfica como ferramenta salutar ao designer gráfico. O mundo digital traz ao designer novas segmentações de atuação como o interface designer e o Web designer. O design, mesmo que historicamente exista há muito mais tempo do que a sua institucionalização como profissão independente no Brasil, firma-se na modernidade e ganha-se força neste momento contemporâneo, até definindo, em algumas situações e questões econômicas de mercado. Há uma singularidade no design que aglutina virtualmente duas características: facilitação da leitura e informação - que é o Web design, pois ao mesmo tempo em que informa o conteúdo de um Web site, demonstra o caminho a ser navegado e toda a sua interatividade. Com a disposição das novas mídias digitais¹, é salutar acompanhar o crescimento vertiginoso e preponderante que as informações permeiam com mais amplitude, permitindo a cada instante ganhar o aperfeiçoamento e a descoberta de novos meios de explicitar a mensagem com rapidez e objetividade oriundos num mundo moderno e globalizado em que vivemos. As universidades e faculdades, como facilitadoras de aprendizagem, investem em novas tecnologias para disseminar seus cursos, seus produtos, sua infraestrutura, e também utiliza dos recursos da Web para oferecer cursos on-line². Nessa linha de raciocínio, sobre o que é funcional, eficaz e ao mesmo tempo audacioso em um Web site, é analisado neste trabalho 80 instituições de ensino superior brasileiras, objetivando uma inovação no que diz respeito a usabilidade, baseado numa arquitetura de informação estruturada. A metodologia adotada baseia-se numa sequência de ítens de maior relevância, do ponto de vista técnico e operacional de usabilidade, juntamente com assuntos de interesse comuns apontados pelo público alvo. A análise remete a um diagrama de ordem quantitativa e, posteriormente, qualitativa, que evidencia aspectos inerentes ao interface design. / The design is approached in this paper work since its criation with Bauhaus, having its definitions and concepts , this way it also shows technological advances in the field of information technology in special to the graphic information technology as an important salutary tool to the graphic designer. The digital world brings to the designer new segments of perfomance such as interface designer and the web designer. The design, even existing such a long time before its intitutionalisation as an independent profession in Brazil, it gets strengh in both modern time and at this contemporary moment, and also in some situations and economic points in the market. There is such singularity in design that joins virtually two features: an easy way of reading and information - which is the web design field, though at the same time it informs all there is in a web site , shows the way to browse and all its interactivity. With all the display of new media , it is necessary to be aquainted with the growth and the manner that the information broadens with an opening way, allowing the user at every moment gain improvement and the discovery of new forms to set out the message fast and originating goals in this present and globalised world in which we live. The universities and colleges, places for getting knowledgement, invest in technology to broaden their courses, products, structure, they also make use of resources from the web to offer on line courses. In this line of approach what is functional, effective in a web site, in this paper work is analysed 80 institutions such as universities and colleges, getting the point of inovation about the use based on an structered information architecture. The metodology adopted is based on a sequence of items of important points of technical views and operational use, together with subjects of interest pointed by the target audience. The analysis sends to a quantitative diagram and further to a qualifying diagram that displays inherent aspects to the interface design.

Usage of search is very popular among all kinds of people to locate unknown information in websites. Mainstream search engines like Google work really hard to deliver a simple and effective search experience with the help of professionals and usability lab testing. Search interfaces often show a poor usability for the users who want to find information in differentknowledge organizations website. The purpose of this research is to create an understanding for some important characteristics of search interfaces, characteristics that may enhance the usability of knowledge organization search interface design. This Paper aim is to identify and discuss the specialized search interface design for knowledge organizations. This paper provides the detailed information about the search interface design and its improvement. This study gives the specialized wireframe standards for improving knowledge organization search interface design. / Program: Magisterutbildning i informatik

This paper documents the planning, design, implementation, and preliminary evaluation of the Multimedia Story Builder and Multimedia Story Player – two applications that together are used to create, edit, manage, and deliver web-based multimedia presentations. These applications incorporate simple and intuitive interfaces, extensive functionality, multiple presentation methods, and support for multiple media types, all of which represent improvements over similar systems. The results of a preliminary usability test and suggestions for future testing and development are also described.

Current multimodal interfaces for complex systems, such as those designed using the Ecological Interface Design (EID) methodology, have largely focused on effective design of interfaces that treat each sensory modality as either an independent channel of information or as a way to provide redundant information. However, there are many times when operationally related information is presented in different sensory modalities. There is very little research that has examined how this information in different modalities can be linked at a perceptual level. When related information is presented through multiple sensory modalities, interface designers will require perceptual methods for linking relevant information together across modalities. This thesis examines one possible crossmodal perceptual relationship, temporal synchrony, and evaluates whether the relationship is useful in the design of multimodal interfaces for complex systems. Two possible metrics for the evaluation of crossmodal perceptual relationships were proposed: resistance to changes in workload, and stream monitoring awareness. Two experiments were used to evaluate these metrics. The results of the first experiment showed that temporal rate synchrony was not resistant to changes in workload, manipulated through a secondary visual task. The results of the second experiment showed that participants who used crossmodal temporal rate synchrony to link information in a multimodal interface did not achieve better performance in the monitoring of the two streams of information being presented over equivalent unimodal interfaces. Taken together, these findings suggest that temporal rate synchrony may not be an effective method for linking information across modalities. Crossmodal perceptual relationships may be very different from intra-modal perceptual relationships. However, methods for linking information across sensory modalities are still an important goal for interface designers, and a key feature of future multimodal interface design for complex systems.

Current multimodal interfaces for complex systems, such as those designed using the Ecological Interface Design (EID) methodology, have largely focused on effective design of interfaces that treat each sensory modality as either an independent channel of information or as a way to provide redundant information. However, there are many times when operationally related information is presented in different sensory modalities. There is very little research that has examined how this information in different modalities can be linked at a perceptual level. When related information is presented through multiple sensory modalities, interface designers will require perceptual methods for linking relevant information together across modalities. This thesis examines one possible crossmodal perceptual relationship, temporal synchrony, and evaluates whether the relationship is useful in the design of multimodal interfaces for complex systems. Two possible metrics for the evaluation of crossmodal perceptual relationships were proposed: resistance to changes in workload, and stream monitoring awareness. Two experiments were used to evaluate these metrics. The results of the first experiment showed that temporal rate synchrony was not resistant to changes in workload, manipulated through a secondary visual task. The results of the second experiment showed that participants who used crossmodal temporal rate synchrony to link information in a multimodal interface did not achieve better performance in the monitoring of the two streams of information being presented over equivalent unimodal interfaces. Taken together, these findings suggest that temporal rate synchrony may not be an effective method for linking information across modalities. Crossmodal perceptual relationships may be very different from intra-modal perceptual relationships. However, methods for linking information across sensory modalities are still an important goal for interface designers, and a key feature of future multimodal interface design for complex systems.