Tephrochronology, or the dating and correlation of stratigraphic sediment sequences by the use of tephra, is a dating method that has been much refined in the last decade. This refinement has enabled the detection of cryptotephra, which has expanded the known distribution of different tephras. At the site Lake Mulakullegöl in the southwest of Sweden, three distinct tephra horizons have been detected, of which two have been geochemically identified. The identified tephras are the Vedde Ash (ca 12,000 cal. yrs BP) and the Hässeldalen Tephra (ca 11,500 cal. yrs BP), both of Icelandic origin. These tephras were deposited during the middle of the Younger Dryas Stadial and the Younger Dryas/Preboreal transition, respectively. The Vedde Ash is one of the most widespread tephras of Icelandic provenance, while the Hässeldalen Tephra so far only has been found at two sites in southeastern Sweden, prior to the current study. A third, unidentified, tephra was also detected. Based on the stratigraphic position, this tephra might be the Borrobol Tephra, which has been dated to ca 14,400 cal. yrs BP. This might indicate that warming had not yet occurred in this part of Sweden. The extended known distribution of especially the Hässeldalen Tephra, but also the Vedde Ash, has enabled a higher potential for correlations between different records deposited during the Last Glacial/Interglacial transition.

Os foraminíferos são o grupo de microfósseis mais utilizado em bioestratigrafia, são considerados os principais portadores de informações paleoceanográficas e apresentam aplicações à análise de bacias sedimentares. O objetivo principal deste trabalho é propor um modelo de reconstrução paleoceanográfica na Bacia de Campos, analisando 61 amostras retiradas do testemunho GL-77, coletado no talude inferior, offshore da bacia. O intervalo contempla os dois últimos ciclos Glacial- Interglacial, correspondentes às biozonas de foraminíferos planctônicos W (parcialmente), X, Y e Z. Por meio das análises de fauna total, datações em 14C e análises isotópicas de δ18O e δ13C nas carapaças de foraminíferos planctônicos, obtiveram-se estimativas de variações de paleoprodutividade, paleossalinidade e paleotemperatura superficiais do mar; foi elaborado um modelo de idade e, posteriormente, as estimativas de taxas de sedimentação. O modelo de idade identificou o Último Máximo Glacial (UMG) e estimou as idades de alguns eventos bioestratigráficos, como o datum YP.2, o limite MIS 3/4 (coincidente com o limite Y2/Y3), o limite Y1/Y2 e o datum YP.4. As taxas de sedimentação estão estranhamente elevadas na Biozona X (intervalo glacial) onde se esperaria taxas menores. No Holoceno há uma elevada taxa de sedimentação, associada à influência do delta do Rio Paraíba do Sul, na porção norte da bacia. As paleotemperaturas reagem sazonalmente no intervalo glacial, onde a amplitude entre verão e inverno é maior que a registrada nos períodos interglaciais. Foi observada uma correlação das paleotemperaturas com as condições ambientais marcadas pelas subzonas quentes e frias na Biozona X. Baseado na razão P/B pode ser identificado um limite de sequências junto ao limite MIS 4/5. A paleossalinidade reduz em intervalos de degelo. A paleoprodutividade diminui de 29 ka (limite MIS 2/3) ao UMG e aumenta próximo ao limite Pleistoceno/Holoceno. Finalmente, se observou que a transição Pleistoceno/Holoceno ocorre dentro da Biozona Y, e não é relacionada temporalmente ao início da Biozona Z. / Planktonic foraminifera is the most useful microfossil group for biostratigraphic studies, being considered the main carriers of paleoceanographic information and being applicable to the analysis of sedimentary basins. The main aim of this work is to propose a paleoceanographic reconstruction model in the Campos Basin, by analyzing 61 samples taken from the GL-77 core, collected at the lower continental slope, in the offshore part of the basin. The interval comprises the last two Glacial- Interglacial cycles, corresponding to the planktonic foraminifera biozones W (partially), X, Y and Z. By means of analysis of the total fauna, datings in 14C and isotopic analyses of δ18O and δ13C in shells of planktonic foraminifera estimates of variations of paleoproductivity, paleosalinity and sea surface paleotemperature were obtained; an age model and, posteriorly, the sedimentation rates were calculated. The age model identified the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM) and estimated the ages of a few biostratigraphic events, such as YP.2 datum, the MIS 3/4 boundary (which coincides with the Y2/Y3 boundary), the Y1/Y2 boundary and the YP.4 datum. The sedimentation rates are strangely elevated in Biozone X (glacial period) where lower rates would be expected. In the Holocene there is an elevated sedimentation rate, associated to the influence of the Paraíba do Sul River delta, at the northern portion of the basin. The paleotemperatures oscillate seasonally in the glacial periods, when the amplitude between summer and winter is larger than the one registered in the interglacial periods. A correlation was observed between the paleotemperatures and the environmental conditions characterized by the warm and cold subzones in Biozone X. Based on the P/B ratio a limit of sequences can be identified next to the MIS 4/5 boundary. Paleosalinity is reduced in deglaciation periods. Paleoproductivity is reduced to 29 ka (MIS 2/3 boundary) by the LGM and increases near the Pleistocene/Holocene boundary. Finally, it was observed that the Pleistocene/Holocene transition occurs inside Biozone Y, and is not temporally related to the beginning of Biozone Z.

Os foraminíferos são o grupo de microfósseis mais utilizado em bioestratigrafia, são considerados os principais portadores de informações paleoceanográficas e apresentam aplicações à análise de bacias sedimentares. O objetivo principal deste trabalho é propor um modelo de reconstrução paleoceanográfica na Bacia de Campos, analisando 61 amostras retiradas do testemunho GL-77, coletado no talude inferior, offshore da bacia. O intervalo contempla os dois últimos ciclos Glacial- Interglacial, correspondentes às biozonas de foraminíferos planctônicos W (parcialmente), X, Y e Z. Por meio das análises de fauna total, datações em 14C e análises isotópicas de δ18O e δ13C nas carapaças de foraminíferos planctônicos, obtiveram-se estimativas de variações de paleoprodutividade, paleossalinidade e paleotemperatura superficiais do mar; foi elaborado um modelo de idade e, posteriormente, as estimativas de taxas de sedimentação. O modelo de idade identificou o Último Máximo Glacial (UMG) e estimou as idades de alguns eventos bioestratigráficos, como o datum YP.2, o limite MIS 3/4 (coincidente com o limite Y2/Y3), o limite Y1/Y2 e o datum YP.4. As taxas de sedimentação estão estranhamente elevadas na Biozona X (intervalo glacial) onde se esperaria taxas menores. No Holoceno há uma elevada taxa de sedimentação, associada à influência do delta do Rio Paraíba do Sul, na porção norte da bacia. As paleotemperaturas reagem sazonalmente no intervalo glacial, onde a amplitude entre verão e inverno é maior que a registrada nos períodos interglaciais. Foi observada uma correlação das paleotemperaturas com as condições ambientais marcadas pelas subzonas quentes e frias na Biozona X. Baseado na razão P/B pode ser identificado um limite de sequências junto ao limite MIS 4/5. A paleossalinidade reduz em intervalos de degelo. A paleoprodutividade diminui de 29 ka (limite MIS 2/3) ao UMG e aumenta próximo ao limite Pleistoceno/Holoceno. Finalmente, se observou que a transição Pleistoceno/Holoceno ocorre dentro da Biozona Y, e não é relacionada temporalmente ao início da Biozona Z. / Planktonic foraminifera is the most useful microfossil group for biostratigraphic studies, being considered the main carriers of paleoceanographic information and being applicable to the analysis of sedimentary basins. The main aim of this work is to propose a paleoceanographic reconstruction model in the Campos Basin, by analyzing 61 samples taken from the GL-77 core, collected at the lower continental slope, in the offshore part of the basin. The interval comprises the last two Glacial- Interglacial cycles, corresponding to the planktonic foraminifera biozones W (partially), X, Y and Z. By means of analysis of the total fauna, datings in 14C and isotopic analyses of δ18O and δ13C in shells of planktonic foraminifera estimates of variations of paleoproductivity, paleosalinity and sea surface paleotemperature were obtained; an age model and, posteriorly, the sedimentation rates were calculated. The age model identified the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM) and estimated the ages of a few biostratigraphic events, such as YP.2 datum, the MIS 3/4 boundary (which coincides with the Y2/Y3 boundary), the Y1/Y2 boundary and the YP.4 datum. The sedimentation rates are strangely elevated in Biozone X (glacial period) where lower rates would be expected. In the Holocene there is an elevated sedimentation rate, associated to the influence of the Paraíba do Sul River delta, at the northern portion of the basin. The paleotemperatures oscillate seasonally in the glacial periods, when the amplitude between summer and winter is larger than the one registered in the interglacial periods. A correlation was observed between the paleotemperatures and the environmental conditions characterized by the warm and cold subzones in Biozone X. Based on the P/B ratio a limit of sequences can be identified next to the MIS 4/5 boundary. Paleosalinity is reduced in deglaciation periods. Paleoproductivity is reduced to 29 ka (MIS 2/3 boundary) by the LGM and increases near the Pleistocene/Holocene boundary. Finally, it was observed that the Pleistocene/Holocene transition occurs inside Biozone Y, and is not temporally related to the beginning of Biozone Z.

Os foraminíferos são o grupo de microfósseis mais utilizado em bioestratigrafia, são considerados os principais portadores de informações paleoceanográficas e apresentam aplicações à análise de bacias sedimentares. O objetivo principal deste trabalho é propor um modelo de reconstrução paleoceanográfica na Bacia de Campos, analisando 61 amostras retiradas do testemunho GL-77, coletado no talude inferior, offshore da bacia. O intervalo contempla os dois últimos ciclos Glacial- Interglacial, correspondentes às biozonas de foraminíferos planctônicos W (parcialmente), X, Y e Z. Por meio das análises de fauna total, datações em 14C e análises isotópicas de δ18O e δ13C nas carapaças de foraminíferos planctônicos, obtiveram-se estimativas de variações de paleoprodutividade, paleossalinidade e paleotemperatura superficiais do mar; foi elaborado um modelo de idade e, posteriormente, as estimativas de taxas de sedimentação. O modelo de idade identificou o Último Máximo Glacial (UMG) e estimou as idades de alguns eventos bioestratigráficos, como o datum YP.2, o limite MIS 3/4 (coincidente com o limite Y2/Y3), o limite Y1/Y2 e o datum YP.4. As taxas de sedimentação estão estranhamente elevadas na Biozona X (intervalo glacial) onde se esperaria taxas menores. No Holoceno há uma elevada taxa de sedimentação, associada à influência do delta do Rio Paraíba do Sul, na porção norte da bacia. As paleotemperaturas reagem sazonalmente no intervalo glacial, onde a amplitude entre verão e inverno é maior que a registrada nos períodos interglaciais. Foi observada uma correlação das paleotemperaturas com as condições ambientais marcadas pelas subzonas quentes e frias na Biozona X. Baseado na razão P/B pode ser identificado um limite de sequências junto ao limite MIS 4/5. A paleossalinidade reduz em intervalos de degelo. A paleoprodutividade diminui de 29 ka (limite MIS 2/3) ao UMG e aumenta próximo ao limite Pleistoceno/Holoceno. Finalmente, se observou que a transição Pleistoceno/Holoceno ocorre dentro da Biozona Y, e não é relacionada temporalmente ao início da Biozona Z. / Planktonic foraminifera is the most useful microfossil group for biostratigraphic studies, being considered the main carriers of paleoceanographic information and being applicable to the analysis of sedimentary basins. The main aim of this work is to propose a paleoceanographic reconstruction model in the Campos Basin, by analyzing 61 samples taken from the GL-77 core, collected at the lower continental slope, in the offshore part of the basin. The interval comprises the last two Glacial- Interglacial cycles, corresponding to the planktonic foraminifera biozones W (partially), X, Y and Z. By means of analysis of the total fauna, datings in 14C and isotopic analyses of δ18O and δ13C in shells of planktonic foraminifera estimates of variations of paleoproductivity, paleosalinity and sea surface paleotemperature were obtained; an age model and, posteriorly, the sedimentation rates were calculated. The age model identified the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM) and estimated the ages of a few biostratigraphic events, such as YP.2 datum, the MIS 3/4 boundary (which coincides with the Y2/Y3 boundary), the Y1/Y2 boundary and the YP.4 datum. The sedimentation rates are strangely elevated in Biozone X (glacial period) where lower rates would be expected. In the Holocene there is an elevated sedimentation rate, associated to the influence of the Paraíba do Sul River delta, at the northern portion of the basin. The paleotemperatures oscillate seasonally in the glacial periods, when the amplitude between summer and winter is larger than the one registered in the interglacial periods. A correlation was observed between the paleotemperatures and the environmental conditions characterized by the warm and cold subzones in Biozone X. Based on the P/B ratio a limit of sequences can be identified next to the MIS 4/5 boundary. Paleosalinity is reduced in deglaciation periods. Paleoproductivity is reduced to 29 ka (MIS 2/3 boundary) by the LGM and increases near the Pleistocene/Holocene boundary. Finally, it was observed that the Pleistocene/Holocene transition occurs inside Biozone Y, and is not temporally related to the beginning of Biozone Z.

Few studies utilise modern species distribution data and modeling to make predictions for examining potential fossil localities. Instead, species distribution modeling is often used for palaeoenvironmental interpretations. Using palaeoclimate data to model potential past distributions for a species provides a prediction showing areas where its fossil remains may be found. In this study, the current, Last Glacial Maximum, and Last Interglacial potential distributions of the arid steppe-obligate saiga antelope (Artiodactyla: Bovidae, Saiga tatarica) were modeled using the species distribution model Maxent. Few fossil records exist, but available fossil locality records were used to validate both palaeo models, resulting in speculative predictions about where the saiga may have lived. Known fossil localities of saiga from the Last Glacial Maximum time period were located within predicted moderately suitable environments, while four of seven Last Interglacial fossil localities were located within predicted moderately suitable environments, suggesting that models can accurately identify areas where fossils for the saiga can be found. Specifically, these models suggest saiga fossils may be located in northwestern and northeastern China, the western and central regions of the Middle East, and southern Alaska. The predicted areas in northeastern China are of particular interest because saiga fossils have not been identified in this region, but some palaeontologists theorize that northeast China may have been suitable for saiga in the past. The models lend credence to this argument.

No description available.

<p> The Paleozoic bedrock surface of southern Ontario is dissected by an interconnected system of buried bedrock valleys that are infilled with thick successions of glacial, interglacial and fluvial sediments. These valleys can be several kilometers wide, reach depths of up to 250m and the coarse-grained units are known to host significant local and regional groundwater aquifers.</p> <p> Two buried bedrock valleys located near the Niagara Escarpment in the Region of Halton were under investigation in the fall of 1999 for their potential to host additional municipal groundwater aquifers to supply drinking water to the towns of Milton and Georgetown. Detailed logging of sediment recovered from eleven continuously-cored boreholes, drilled within the Georgetown and Milton bedrock valleys, forms the basis for this study. Four distinct facies types were identified within the borehole cores including sand, gravel, fine-grained sediment and diamict (sand-rich, mud-rich and clast-rich). These four facies types were used to subdivide the cores into six stratigraphic units based on textural characteristics and stratigraphic position. These six units form a stacked succession of aquifers and aquitards within the valley infill with two stratigraphic units being identified as potential municipal aquifers.</p> <p> The Georgetown buried bedrock valley contains narrow bedrock channel interpreted to have been fluvially incised, lying within a broader flat-bottom valley likely formed by glacial scouring of the bedrock. It is feasible that regional bedrock jointing created a zone of weakness that was later exploited by a drainage network. The valley infill sediments record the approach of the Laurentide Ice Sheet into southern Ontario during the Early to Mid-Wisconsin, and the subsequent overriding of the area during the Late Wisconsin period.</p> / Thesis / Master of Science (MSc)

Submitted by Biblioteca de Pós-Graduação em Geoquímica BGQ (bgq@ndc.uff.br) on 2017-08-16T16:46:32Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Mega, A. M..pdf: 4299230 bytes, checksum: 4ff04b898e1e7eebe891e2a5a4dfcd98 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-08-16T16:46:32Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Mega, A. M..pdf: 4299230 bytes, checksum: 4ff04b898e1e7eebe891e2a5a4dfcd98 (MD5) / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / Universidade Federal Fluminense. Instituto de Química. Programa de Pós-Graduação em Geoquímica, Niterói, RJ / Os oceanos funcionam como um reservatório natural de carbono, no qual sua solubilidade na superfície dos oceanos varia de acordo com a temperatura. Antes do período industrial, as variações na concentração de CO2 atmosférico estavam fortemente associadas às transições glacial-interglacial (G-IG), onde os menores valores de CO2 na atmosfera foram registrados nos períodos glaciais, decorrente do aumento da solubilidade do CO2 nos oceanos. Nesses períodos, o aumento da solubilidade do CO2 na coluna d’água estimulou a produção de íons carbonato, beneficiando organismos que calcificam carbonato de cálcio (CaCO3) em suas conchas e esqueletos. O processo inverso, ou seja, menor solubilidade do CO2 e, consequentemente, menor disponibilidade de íons carbonatos nos oceanos marcou os períodos interglaciais. O presente estudo teve como objetivo avaliar os efeitos das variações no peso-normalizado pelo tamanho (do inglês, size-normalized weight, SNW) de foraminíferos planctônicos durante os últimos 70.000 anos no Sudoeste do Atlântico visando compreender os efeitos da calcificação e/ou dissolução do carbonato e da microestrutura das testas de foraminíferos planctônicos que viviam na porção superior da coluna d'água (G. ruber-white e G. sacculifer-sem saco). Para tanto, foi utilizado um testemunho coletado na Bacia de Santos a 2225 m de profundidade, que compreende os últimos 185 mil anos, dos quais os primeiros 70 mil anos foram estudados. Os resultados mostraram que ambas as espécies apresentaram um aumento do SNW na transição entre os períodos G-IG, associado com indícios de dissolução nas testas do período glacial, quando observada a microestrutura. Esses resultados demonstram a ação corrosiva das águas de fundo durante os glaciais e diferem dos obtidos em outros estudos realizados no Atlântico Norte que registram características menos corrosivas durante o último glacial em profundidades de até 3500 metros. A redução no peso das testas durante o período glacial foi atribuída à ação da dissolução dos carbonatos. A dissolução pode ocorrer abaixo da camada denominada lisoclina, porém apesar da grande mudança na profundidade da lisoclina durante os glaciais no Atlântico Sul, o testemunho, ainda assim, estaria 800 m acima da influência da lisoclina. Acima da lisoclina, a dissolução dos carbonatos pode ocorrer por diversos outros fatores, tais como pelo aumento da geração de CO2 pela atividade bentônica durante eventos de aumento de produtividade. Essa atividade bentônica tornaria a camada da interface água-sedimento corrosiva às estruturas carbonáticas. Nesse sentido, foram registrados no testemunho estudado um aumento nos teores de sílica e ferro, nutrientes que poderiam estimular um aumento da produtividade primaria, o que se refletiria nos altos níveis de carbono orgânico também registrados no testemunho durante o período glacial, estimulando, assim, a atividade bentônica. Outra possibilidade que explicaria a dissolução observada é decorrente de mudança na geometria das massas d’água durante os glaciais, o qual promoveria o contato do sedimento com massas d’água Antárticas (Águas de Fundo Antárticas-AFA), que são mais corrosivas. Entretanto, estudos anteriores realizados com o mesmo testemunho e baseados em isótopos de neodímio não corroboram a ocorrência de mudanças na geometria das massas d’água na região, pelo menos para os últimos 25 mil anos. / Oceans work as a natural reservoir of carbon, where the solubility in the surface varies with temperature. Before the industrial period, variations in the atmospheric CO2 concentration were strongly associated with the glacial-interglacial (G-IG) transitions, where the lowest atmosphere CO2 values were recorded in the glacial periods, due to the increase in the CO2 solubility. In these periods, the increase of the CO2 solubility in the water column stimulated the production of carbonate ions, benefiting organisms that calcify calcium carbonate (CaCO3) in their shells. The inverse process, that is, the lower CO2 solubility and, consequently, lower carbonate ions availability in the oceans marked the interglacial periods. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of size-normalized weight during the last 70.000 years in the Southwest Atlantic to understand the effects of calcification and/or dissolution of carbonate and microstructure analysis of the Planktonic foraminifera that lived in the upper portion of the water column (G. ruber-white) and G. sacculifer). For that, a core collected in the Santos Basin at 2225 m depth was used, which includes the last 185 thousand years, of which the first 70 thousand years were studied. The results showed that both species showed an increase in SNW at the transition between the G-IG periods, associated with evidence of dissolution in the glacial period, when the microstructure was observed. These results demonstrate the corrosive action of the bottom waters during the glaciers and differ from those obtained in other studies conducted in the North Atlantic that record less corrosive characteristics during the last glacial in depths of up to 3500 meters. The reduction in the weight of the shells during the glacial period was attributed to the action of the carbonate dissolution. The dissolution may occur below the lysoclin layer, but despite the large change in lysoclin depth during the glaciers in the South Atlantic, the corer would still be 800 m above the influence of lysoclin. Above lysoclin, the carbonate dissolution can occur due to several other factors, such as the increase of CO2 generation by benthic activity during productivity increase events. This benthic activity would make the water-sediment interface layer corrosive to carbonate structures. In this sense, an increase in silica and iron contents was recorded in the studied corer, nutrients which could stimulate an increase in primary productivity, which would be reflected in the high levels of organic carbon also recorded in the corer during the glacial period, stimulating benthic activity. Another possibility that would explain the observed dissolution is due to a change in the geometry of the water masses during the glaciers, which would promote the contact of the sediment with Antarctic water masses (Antarctic Bottom Water-ABW), which are more corrosive. However, previous studies carried out with the same evidence and based on neodymium isotopes do not corroborate the occurrence of changes in the geometry of water masses in the region, at least 25 ka years

No description available.

Afin d’étudier les variations climatiques enregistrées par les carottes de glace, il est nécessaire d’avoir des datations précises à la fois pour les phases gaz et glace. Le but de ce travail de thèse a été d’améliorer les chronologies des carottes de glace, couvrant les derniers 800 000 ans, au travers de nouvelles mesures de la composition isotopique de l’air (δ15N, δ18Oatm et δO2/N2) piégé dans la glace d’EPICA Dôme C (EDC) et de l’utilisation de l’outil de datation "Datice". Le premier résultat important de cette thèse a été la production de la chronologie cohérente pour les carottes de glace ("Antarctic Ice Core Chronology", AICC2012) pour EDC, Vostok, EPICA Droning Maud Land (EDML), TALos Dôme ICE core (TALDICE) et NorthGRIP. Sur cette nouvelle chronologie la théorie du see-saw bipolaire reste valable. AICC2012 donne un âge pour la Terminaison II en accord avec les autres archives climatiques. De plus, les durées des périodes interglaciaires restent inchangées par rapport à la chronologie EDC3. Lors de la construction d’AICC2012 nous avons mis en évidence plusieurs points nécessitant des améliorations. Nous avons donc procédé à l’amélioration de Datice dans le but d’intégrer correctement les contraintes issues du comptage des couches annuelles et leurs erreurs. Ces améliorations conduisent à des chronologies cohérentes tout en respectant les hypothèses sous-jacentes à Datice. Nous proposons aussi une nouvelle formulation de l’erreur associée à la fonction d’amincissement à partir de l’analyse des propriétés mécaniques de la glace dans le cas d’EDC. Pour finir, les nouvelles mesures du δO2/N2 et du δ18Oatm effectuées sur de la glace bien conservée d’EDC nous ont permis de définir de nouvelles contraintes d’âge. La comparaison de ces traceurs mesurés à Vostok, EDC et Dôme F sur le MIS 5 a permis de mettre en évidence une possible influence de paramètres climatiques locaux sur le δO2/N2. L’analyse du retard entre le δ18Oatm et la précession sur les derniers 800 ka montre des variations de ce dernier. Nous suggérons que ce retard est augmenté par l’occurence d’évènements de Heinrich à certaines périodes. Les résultats de cette thèse sont à prendre en compte pour le prochain exercice de datation cohérente pour les carottes de glace. / In order to study the climate variations recorded by ice cores, it is necessary to have precise chronologies for the ice and gas phases. The aim of this work has been to improve ice cores chronologies, covering the last 800 000 years, through new measurements of the isotopic composition of the air δ15N, δ18Oatm et δO2/N2) trapped in EPICA Dome C (EDC) ice core and the use of the Datice dating tool.The first important result of this PhD has been the production of the Antarctic Ice Core Chronology (AICC2012), common for EDC, Vostok, EPICA Droning Maud Land (EDML), TALos Dome ICE core (TALDICE) and NorthGRIP ice cores. The bipolar see-saw theory is still valid on the new chronology. The AICC2012 chronology gives an age for Termination II in good agreement with other climate archives. Moreover, the duration of interglacial periods is unchanged compared to EDC3. While building the AICC2012 chronology, we have pointed out several limitations. Since then, we have improved Datice in order to correctly integrate constraints deduced from layer counting and their associated uncertainties. These improvements permit to build coherent chronologies respecting the underlying hypotheses of Datice. Moreover, we propose a new parameterization of the uncertainty associated with the background thinning function based on ice mechanical properties of EDC ice core. Finally, we were able to deduce new age constraints thanks to the new measurements of δO2/N2 and δ18Oatm performed on well-conserved ice from EDC. A multi-proxy comparison of Vostok, EDC and Dome F ice cores over MIS 5 has highlighted a possible influence of local climatic parameters on δO2/N2. The analysis of the delay between δ18Oatm and precession shows some variability over the last 800 ka. We propose that the delay between δ18Oatm and precession is increased during periods associated with Heinrich events. The results obtained during this PhD should be used for the next ice core coherent chronology.