Submitted by Rosivalda Pereira (mrs.pereira@ufma.br) on 2017-05-05T20:42:39Z No. of bitstreams: 1 MayanneSilva.pdf: 14921508 bytes, checksum: f23bae019911ebcb5c64e47d629239c8 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-05-05T20:42:39Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 MayanneSilva.pdf: 14921508 bytes, checksum: f23bae019911ebcb5c64e47d629239c8 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-11-28 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES) / Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa e ao Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico do Maranhão (FAPEMA) / Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPQ) / Here we report the structural, magnetic and magnetocaloric properties of DyMX (M = Cu and Pt; X = Si and Ge) and R2CuSi3 (R = Eu, Nd and Dy) intermetallic compounds. Polycrystalline samples were synthesized by arc melting under argon atmosphere. X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis by Rietveld method confirm the desired crystallographic phase for all studied samples. Magnetization data show antiferromagnetic ordering around 12.8 K, 4.36 K, 8.7 K and 8.8 K for DyCuSi, DyCuGe, DyPtSi and DyPtGe, respectively. External applied magnetic field induces metamagnetic phase transitions in these compounds. However, the values of magnetic moment in T = 2 K and H = 5T () were lower than the respective values of the R ion effective magnetic moment, indicating that not all magnetic moments are oriented to the external applied field, in H = 5T. Eu2CuSi3 compound presented two ferromagnetic transitions at ܶ = 39.5 K and ܶ = 30 K for H ≤ 0.2 T. On the other hand, Nd2CuSi3 end Dy2CuSi3 magnetization data present characteristic of spin glass behavior in low temperatures (T ≤ 5.6 K for R = Nd e T ≤ 9.5 K for R = Dy) and low magnetic field (H < 0.2 T). When the external magnetic field increase, the magnetization increase faster and show saturation tendency in H = 5 T which indicate ferromagnetic interaction. Our results show a significant magnetocaloric effect (MCE) for all studied samples, which was characterized by a broad peak in the entropy variation change curves ሺȂ οܵ௠ሻ associated with the magnetic transition. The maximum MCE was obtained for DyCuSi compound ( = 23.7 J/kg.K and ܴܥ = ܲ421.5 J/kg), which indicate that this compound belongs to the class of magnetic materials with giant magnetocaloric effect. Large MCE was obtained for DyCuGe, Nd2CuSi3 e Dy2CuSi3 ( values ranging from 11.4 to 14.8 J/kg K). While conventional MCE was observed for DyPtGe, DyPtGe and Eu2CuSi3 compound values ranging from 8.1 to 11.2 J/kg.K). The obtained results, indicate that the DyMX and R2CuSi3 studied compound present interesting characteristics for application as refrigerant material in cryogenic temperatures. / Nesse trabalho estudou-se as propriedades estruturais, magnéticas e magnetocalóricas de compostos intermetálicos das famílias DyMX (M = Cu e Pt; X = Si e Ge) e R2CuSi3 (R = Eu, Nd e Dy) visando avaliar a potencialidade destes para aplicação na refrigeração magnética. As amostras foram sintetizadas por fusão em forno à arco voltaico, sob atmosfera de argônio. Medidas de difração de raios-X e a análise dos difratogramas com o método Rietveld mostraram que as amostras sintetizadas apresentaram a fase cristalográfica desejada. As medidas de magnetização mostraram que os compostos da série DyMX apresentam ordenamento antiferromagnético em torno de 12,8 K, 4,36 K, 8,7 K e 8,8 K para DyCuSi, DyCuGe, DyPtSi e DyPtGe, respectivamente. A aplicação de campo magnético externo induz transições metamagnéticas nesses materiais abaixo de . Porém, os valores do momento magnético em T= 2 K e H= 5 T foram menores que os respectivos valores do momento efetivo do íon magnético trivalente na matriz metálica, indicando que nem todos os spins estão orientados com o campo aplicado. Já dentre os compostos R2CuSi3, o Eu2CuSi3 apresentou duas transições ferromagnéticas = 39,5 K e = 30 K. Enquanto que Nd2CuSi3 e Dy2CuSi3 apresentaram comportamento típico de spin-glass, em baixas temperaturas (T≤ 5,6 K para R= Nd e T= 9,5 K para R= Dy) e baixos campos magnéticos (H< 0,1 T). Com o aumento do campo externo aplicado a magnetização aumenta rapidamente e mostra tendência de saturação em H= 5 T, indicando interação ferromagnética. Os resultados mostram que o efeito magnetocalórico (EMC) dos compostos estudados apresenta valores expressivos, tendo sido caracterizado por um pico alargado nas curvas de variação isotérmica da entropia associado com a transição magnética dos respectivos compostos. O máximo EMC obtido foi o do DyCuSi ( = 23,7 J/kgK e = 421,5 J/kg), o que sugere que este composto pertence à classe dos materiais magnéticos com EMC gigante. Os compostos DyCuGe, Nd2CuSi3 e Dy2CuSi3 apresentaram EMC grande ( entre 11,4 e 14,8 J/kg.K) e os demais pertencem a classe de materiais com EMC convencional ( entre 8,1 e 11,2 J/kg.K). Os resultados obtidos para as duas séries de compostos intermetálicos estudados nesse trabalho indicam que estes apresentam características interessantes para a aplicação como material refrigerante em temperaturas criogênicas.

Submitted by Maria Aparecida (cidazen@gmail.com) on 2017-05-17T12:56:09Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Emanoel Laurertan.pdf: 6139159 bytes, checksum: fd73d36355b7767418dd1da09e0e7b80 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-05-17T12:56:09Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Emanoel Laurertan.pdf: 6139159 bytes, checksum: fd73d36355b7767418dd1da09e0e7b80 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-07-10 / CAPES, FAPEMA,CNPQ / Magnetic and magnetocaloric properties of RPtGa (R = Dy, Ho e Er) and HoTSi (T = Mn, Co e Cu) compound have been studied. The samples crystallographic phase was confirmed by X-ray diffraction and Rietveld refinement analysis. Magnetization analysis show that RPtGa compounds exhibit antiferromagnetic ordering, with Néel temperature (TN) around 15 K, 6,3 K and 4 K for R = Dy, Ho and Er, respectively. HoMnSi and HoCuSi compounds present antiferromagnetic ordering at TN = 15 K and 7 K, respectively, while HoCoSi shows ferromagnetic ordering around 15 K. The external magnetic field application induces metamagnetic transitions in these materials (except for HoCuSi) below TN. However, the magnetic moment at T = 2 K and H = 50 kOe is smaller than the respective effective magnetic moment values in the metallic matrix (μeff), indicating that not all spins are aligned with external applied field. A large peak in the isothermal entropy change (- SM) curves, associated with the magnetic transition, is observed for all studied compounds. Negative magnetocaloric effect (MCE) was observed for RPtGa and HoMnSi samples due to antiferromagnetic ordering. Significant values of -ΔSM and adiabatic temperature change (ΔTad) were obtained in a relatively large temperature range (~15 K) for HoPtGa compound, evidencing a table like behavior. The maximum values of -ΔSM and the relative cooling power (RCP) obtained were 20.4 J/kgK and 475.14 J/kg for HoCoSi, and 31.2 J/kgK and 592.18 J/kg for HoCuSi, respectively, at H = 50 kOe, which suggest that these compounds belongs to a magnetic materials class with giant MCE. The RPtGa maximum values of Tad obtained in this work were comparable or even bigger than the respective values reported in literature for others RTX compounds, in the same temperature range. Furthermore, the observed magnetocaloric properties such as table like behavior and giant MCE without hysteresis losses, indicate that the compounds studies in this works present interesting magnetocaloric properties for application as refrigerant material in cryogenic temperatures (T < 20 K). / Neste trabalho, apresentamos um estudo das propriedades magnéticas e magnetocalóricas dos compostos das séries RPtGa (R = Dy, Ho e Er) e HoTSi (T = Mn, Co e Cu). Medidas de difração de raios X e o refinamento Rietveld dos difratogramas comprovaram que as amostras apresentam a fase cristalográfica. Medidas de magnetização mostram que os compostos da série RPtGa apresentam ordenamento antiferromagnético com temperatura de Néel (TN) em torno de 15 K, 6,3 K e 4 K para R = Dy, Ho e Er, respectivamente. Os compostos HoMnSi e HoCuSi apresentam ordenamento antiferromagnético em TN = 15 K e 7 K, respectivamente, enquanto HoCoSi ordena-se ferromagneticamente em 15 K. A aplicação de campo magnético externo induz transições metamagnéticas nesses materiais (exceto no HoCuSi) abaixo de TN. Porém, os valores do momento magnético em T = 2 K e H = 50 kOe é menor que os respectivos valores do momento efetivo do íon magnético na matriz metálica (μeff), indicando que nem todos os spins estão orientados com o campo. Em todos os compostos estudados, observou-se um pico alargado nas curvas de variação isotérmica da entropia (- SM) associado com a transição magnética. Efeito magnetocalórico (EMC) negativo, foi observado para as amostras RPtGa e HoMnSi, devido ao ordenamento antiferromagnético. Valores significativos de -ΔSM e da variação adiabática da temperatura (ΔTad) foram obtidos em uma região relativamente ampla de temperatura (~15K), evidenciando características de um comportamento tipo “table-like” no composto HoPtGa. Os valores máximos de -ΔSM e o poder de resfriamento relativo (RCP) obtidos para HoCoSi ( = 20,4 e RCP = ) e HoCuSi ( = 31,2 J/kgK e RCP = ) em ΔH = 50 kOe, sugerem que estes compostos pertencem a classe dos materiais magnéticos com EMC gigante. Os valores máximos de ΔTad obtidos para os compostos RPtGa são comparáveis ou até maiores que os obtidos para outros compostos da família RTX reportados na literatura, no mesmo intervalo de temperatura. Além disso, as propriedades magnetocalóricas observadas, tais como EMC tipo “table-like” e EMC gigante, sem perdas por histerese, indicam que os compostos estudados neste trabalho possuem propriedades magnetocalóricas interessantes para a aplicação como material refrigerante em temperaturas criogênicas (T < 20K).

Thesis (M.S.)--State University of New York at Binghamton, Department of Physics, 2006. / Includes bibliographical references.

In this thesis the compounds Fe5SiB2 and Fe5PB2 have beensynthesized via high temperature synthesis, including arc melting anddrop synthesis. The structure for both compounds are of Cr5B3 typewith the space group I4/mcm. The cell parameters were refined toa = 5.5533 Å and c = 10.3405 Å for Fe5SiB2 and a = 5.4903 Å andc = 10.3527 Å for Fe5PB2. The saturation magnetization at roomtemperature for Fe5SiB2 has been measured to 138.8 Am2/kg and theanisotropy constant has been estimated to 79 kJ/m3. Theferromagnetic properties and the high anisotropy constant makesthese materials promising as permanent magnet materials, but moreinvestigations are necessary.

In the past decade, there has been an increased interest in magnetostrictive materials for micro actuators and sensors. Of particular importance are the Fe₂R intermetallics, where R = Tb, Dy. In this study, films of Tb[subscript 0.3]Dy[subscript 0.7]Fe[subscript 1.92] were prepared by three laser processing techniques (pulsed laser deposition, flat plate ablation and laser ablation of microparticles) to explore the effect of processing parameters on particle size, crystallinity and magnetic properties. The laser used in the experiments was a KrF laser with a 12 ns pulse width. Pulsed laser deposition of an alloyed target in vacuum produces dense amorphous films with the similar composition to the target, low coercivity (46 Oe) and good magnetostriction ([lambda][subcript two horizontal lines] = 305 ppm at 2300 Oe). Flat plate ablation and laser ablation of microparticles produced amorphous nanoparticles at 1 atm. The particles were subsequently jet deposited onto substrates to form thick films. Nanoparticle films produced by flat plate ablation resulted in oxidized and segregated particles due to extended, non-uniform plume expansion, laser target modification, and open porosity. Laser ablation of microparticles produced thick films with M[subscript s] = 13.8 emu/g. Two types of annealing treatments were performed to close porosity and increase Youngs modulus. Annealing of LAM films at temperatures up to 700°C in-situ and 950°C in a reducing atmosphere did not result in coarsening of the particles or crystallization of the Laves phase due to the core-shell structure of nanoparticles (rare earth oxide shell, Fe rich core) brought about by oxidation-induced segregation.

Redukuojant vandeniliu Ni ir W oksidus 1000-1100˚C temperatūrų intervale, nepriklausomai nuo mišinio sudėties, susidaro tik intermetalinis junginys Ni4W. Rentgeno struktūrinės analizės pagalba buvo nustatyta kietafazių reakcijų produktų sudėtis. Nikelio ir volframo oksidų mišiniuose vykstant redukcijai susidarantis nikelis yra volframo oksidų redukcijos katalizatorius. Nikeliui sudarius intermetalinį junginį Ni4W, volframo oksidai redukuojasi sunkiau. Mišiniai, kuriuose Ni:W=4:1, redukuojasi žemesnėje temperatūroje ir esant mažesnei vandenilio dujų koncentracijai. / During the reduction of nickel and tungsten in a temperature range from1000- 1100˚C independent of composition mixtures form only Ni4W intermetallic compuond. Their formation was analyzed be of the X-ray diffraction techniques composition the products of the solid-state reactions was determined. Nickel wich is formed during the rediction is catalyst of tungsten oxide. When nickel is formed intermetallic compound Ni4W, tungsten oxide reducible heavily. Reduction of mixture (Ni:W = 4:1) lesses of the temperature and hydrogen concentration.

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Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Texas at Austin, 2007. / Vita. Includes bibliographical references.