In our master thesis “Fashionable strategies” we analyze the internationalization processof small and medium sized Nordic Fashion companies. In our study we conducted aquantitative survey and qualitative in-depths interviews to shed light on the topic. We usehereby an iterative research strategy through the triangulation analysis method as researchapproach. The combination of methodologies and perspectives allowed us to analyze ourtheoretical framework and the research questions in a favorable manner. The researchquestions we aim to investigate in our study were the following:· What are the reasons for the small and medium sized Nordic fashion companies wheninternationalizing, and what are the strategies the companies use hereby?· What influences the small and medium sized Nordic fashion companies in their choiceof strategy and market to enter?· Which barriers of entry and problems do the small and medium sized Nordic fashioncompanies see as critical in their internationalization process and how do theyovercome these issues?In the research we especially took a look at the following areas that we found mainlyimportant for fashion companies in their internationalization process: The reasons forexpanding, the choice of market, the entry modes that are used and barriers and problemsthat occur in the process. We take a view on the theoretical models of the Uppsala Model,Helsinki model, Revised Uppsala model and Born-Global Theory to explain the strategiesbehind the small and medium sized Nordic fashion companies.We see that the growth of the company and the profit increase are the main reasons for theNordic fashion companies when expanding their business. The entry modes used by thecompanies are agents and distributors, and when choosing the markets the fashioncompanies are contact-driven and focusing first on markets that have a rather smallerdistance to their own domestic market. The problems the companies have to overcome arecosts of entry, cash-flow and invoice payments which are all related to financial issues.We believe that our study has contributed with new information to the research field ofinternationalization concerning small medium fashion companies in the Nordic countries.

Globalization has opened up new markets. Companies have now endless opportunities to expand their business reachwith sportsclubs being no exception. Internationalization in sports has its beginnings with foreign players joining a team and changed in 1995 with the Bosman ruling. After the Bosman ruling, the transfer of international players became easier. Not only can one notice the internationalization of sports teams by the transfer of players but also by the expansion of the sports itself. The NFL plays home games in London, the NBA in Mexico City and FC Bayern Munich has opened subsidiaries in the US and China. Yet, this all seems like the whole sports industry is expanding. However, the influences behind this drive are unclear. The purpose of this thesis is to gain an understanding of internationalization in the sports industry. As the current literature indicates several gaps regarding the internationalization of sports clubs such as the limited view on one sport at the time or the data usage of clubs in their internationalization process, this thesis focuses on offering a broaderpicture. Therefore, the research question formulated for this thesis is:What influences the internationalization in the sports industry?For answering the research questions and fulfill the purpose of this thesis, an inductive approach was selected with a qualitative exploratory research study. By mixing the pur-posive and self-selected sampling, six semi-structured interviews were conductedamong different sports clubs. The findings indicate that there are several different influences in the internationalization process of sports clubs. Leagues and their ambitions are one direct influence. Here, the leagues statutes seem to be guidelines forthe clubs and their perspec-tives on growing. Another influence are the market conditions, where one can distinguish between the home market and foreign market conditions. There are some markets that do not allow much for further grow, as another sport is dominating the industry. For that reason, expanding internationally becomes necessary. Yet, some clubs see more potential on the home market to expand their scope and are thus, not thinking of internationalizing soon. Also influencing the internationalization are partnerships. Partnerships, either new or existing ones, offer the benefit of having knowledge or a business network the club can potentially benefit from. This study contributes to the literature of sports teams’ internationalization by adding the underlying concept of influences in the process. Understanding the influences will not only support the eventual internationalization but also offers the opportunity to unite or-ganizations in their efforts.

<p>The 21st century would be a nightmare for Don Quijote: thousands of windmills are installed all over the globe and the number will increase tremendously over the next years. If climate change was an issue in the early 17th century, Don Quijote might have specialized in fighting nuclear or fossil fuel power plants.</p><p>The change in power production is clearly pronounced, and it inspires the market to respond immediately. Numerous wind turbine manufacturers emerge, developing one technological innovation after another. The trend clearly goes in one direction: horizontal axis wind turbines in all possible variations. However, there are a few companies that do not follow the mainstream – they swim against the current and introduce new concepts, with the potential to set new standards in the industry.</p><p>Nevertheless, the question whether these companies can establish operations and survive in an industry dominated by large multinational corporations arises. If these companies want to become recognized, they need to compete on an international scale from the outset – they become born globals.</p><p>This master’s thesis investigates the preconditions under which an innovative start-up company can become born global in the wind turbine industry. For that, distinctive resources and capabilities of such companies, as well as key success factors for the industry are defined. Furthermore, enhancing or restricting parameters lying within company’s environment – in particular, within its networks – are discovered. These findings are based on and supported by the case study of an innovative vertical axis wind turbine manufacturer. In addition, the influence of this company’s university spin-off origin is investigated.</p>

Made available in DSpace on 2016-03-15T19:25:43Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Angelo Brero.pdf: 463893 bytes, checksum: 984859e8e5fa2b48fdb6263138c2c4e2 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2007-03-09 / Fundo Mackenzie de Pesquisa / For some time foreign marketing researches has been developed. There are several motivations and core relations mentioned in these researches, and is possible to identify as one of the most referred subjects the reasons that drive one firm toward exportation process. Furthermore, there are researches that suggest the existence of variables common to organizations that might provide general understanding about the exportation process reasons. Among the revised researches in this paper are Bilkey s (1978) and Cavusgil e Nevin s (1981) that identified exportation activity motivation from firms technological and entrepreneurship characteristics. Further to exportation profile comprehension it is important to understand whether the firms characteristics may provide a superior performance of the firm. This was the present study motivation, which established as general achievement the analysis of entrepreneurship and technology characteristics relationship of with internation performance of Brazilian industrial firms. It was studied the influence of exportation activities of one firm in its financial performance as well as the size contribution in this process. In order to progress on this research development 976 Brazilian industrial firms from Gazeta Mercantil database were contacted. 208 firms replied to the present research submited questionnaire, related to entrepreneurship profile, technology investments and exportation activities. The questionnaire data was complemented with size and financial performance information from Gazeta Mercantil database in a three years base. Statistics analysis demonstrated that exportation performance varies according to the industrial activity and it was influenced by firms characteristics. Furthermore, it showed influences of exportation degree to the performance of firms and that exportation performance is related to exportation activities persistence. / Pesquisas relacionadas à exportação vêm sendo desenvolvidas há muito tempo. As motivações e as relações focadas pelos estudos desta área são muitas. Um dos principais temas discutidos é o motivo pelo qual as firmas exportam. Complementarmente estudos sugerem que podem existir algumas variáveis comuns às organizações exportadoras que podem fornecer um entendimento mais completo sobre o porquê das firmas exportarem. Entre os estudos examinados salienta-se o de Bilkey (1978) e Cavusgil e Nevin (1981), que apontam as características empreendedoras e tecnológicas da firma como motivação determinante da atividade de exportação. Além do entendimento do perfil do exportador é importante compreender se estas características das firmas podem levar a um desempenho de exportação superior. Esta foi a motivação deste estudo, que teve como objetivo geral analisar a relação entre as características empreendedoras e tecnológicas e o desempenho e a atuação internacional das firmas do setor industrial brasileiro. Avaliou-se também o impacto da atividade de exportação da firma no seu desempenho financeiro e a influência do tamanho da firma neste processo. Foram contatados para este estudo, 976 firmas do setor industrial brasileiro listado da publicação anual da Gazeta Mercantil - Balanço Anual. Destas, 208 aceitaram responder ao questionário da pesquisa, que continha questões relacionadas ao perfil empreendedor, aos investimentos em tecnologia e atividades de exportação. Foram associados aos dados coletados junto às empresas outros dados relativos ao tamanho da firma e ao seu desempenho financeiro, que estavam disponíveis no Balanço Anual citado. Dados de desempenho de três anos foram usados. Os resultados das análises estatísticas mostram que o desempenho de exportação varia significativamente por tipo de atividade industrial e é influenciado por variáveis que caracterizam a firma. Além disso, observou-se a influência do grau de exportação e o desempenho das firmas e que o desempenho de exportação está associado com a persistência da atividade exportadora.

The 21st century would be a nightmare for Don Quijote: thousands of windmills are installed all over the globe and the number will increase tremendously over the next years. If climate change was an issue in the early 17th century, Don Quijote might have specialized in fighting nuclear or fossil fuel power plants. The change in power production is clearly pronounced, and it inspires the market to respond immediately. Numerous wind turbine manufacturers emerge, developing one technological innovation after another. The trend clearly goes in one direction: horizontal axis wind turbines in all possible variations. However, there are a few companies that do not follow the mainstream – they swim against the current and introduce new concepts, with the potential to set new standards in the industry. Nevertheless, the question whether these companies can establish operations and survive in an industry dominated by large multinational corporations arises. If these companies want to become recognized, they need to compete on an international scale from the outset – they become born globals. This master’s thesis investigates the preconditions under which an innovative start-up company can become born global in the wind turbine industry. For that, distinctive resources and capabilities of such companies, as well as key success factors for the industry are defined. Furthermore, enhancing or restricting parameters lying within company’s environment – in particular, within its networks – are discovered. These findings are based on and supported by the case study of an innovative vertical axis wind turbine manufacturer. In addition, the influence of this company’s university spin-off origin is investigated.

La presente investigación tiene como objetivo principal determinar los factores que influyen en la internacionalización de empresas pymes exportadoras de la selva peruana de cacao en grano, entre el periodo 2009 al 2019, puesto que el sector cacaotero en los últimos años ha presentado un alto crecimiento a nivel nacional y la presente investigación se centra en encontrar los factores que son fundamentales para que las pymes ingresen su producto al mercado exterior. Dentro de esta investigación se aplicaron encuestas en escala de Likert a una muestra de 31 empresas pymes exportadoras de la selva peruana de cacao en grano, a fin de obtener resultados a través del método cuantitativo. En base a la metodología, la presente investigación tiene un diseño descriptivo no experimental a nivel correlacional con enfoque cuantitativo. La información se analizó en el programa SPSS con la prueba de regresión logística. Como resultado, se obtuvo que cinco de las diez variables analizadas son significativas para la internacionalización de las pymes exportadoras de la selva peruana del cacao en grano. / The main objective of this research is to determine the factors that influence the internationalization of exporting SMEs of the Peruvian rainforest of cocoa beans, between the period 2009 to 2019, since the cocoa sector in recent years has presented a very high growth and this research focuses on finding the factors that are essential for small and medium-sized companies to enter their product on the foreign market. Within this research, Likert scale surveys were applied to a sample of 31 exporting SMEs from the Peruvian rainforest of cocoa beans, in order to obtain results through the quantitative method. Based on the methodology, this research has a descriptive non-experimental design at a correlational level with a quantitative approach. The information was analyzed in the SPSS program with the logistic regression test. As a result, it was obtained that five of the ten variables analyzed are significant for the internationalization of exporting SMEs from the Peruvian rainforest of cocoa beans. / Tesis