Thesis abstract This thesis, "Dialogical Approach to Truth in the Plurality of Cultures and Religions" has two main goals, theoretical and applied one. It defends the importance of contextual relativism and perspectivism for the dialogue of two different discourses using a theory of language games. An individual lives in his or hers own special historical and geographical situation, in particular psycho-physical condition with a limited perspective through which he perceives the surrounding world. Only if the individual could be aware of these limits, to be able to renounce a tendency to generalize his own point of view without confronting the others within a dialogue. It is possible to judge the truthfulness, functionality and the level of development of any discourse only in the context and within the categories of the discourse itself. This approach is reflected in the field of interreligious dialogue by the idea of post- pluralism. It stresses the uniqueness of each independent religious discourse, while refusing both superiority of any particular religion on one hand and merging all religions into one common group on the other. One cannot discover the ultimate truth due to the lack of "general perspective" over all religious traditions and, therefore, he cannot judge ("This religion is the only true",...

Toute coexistence religieuse peut être facteur de conflits religieux ou symbole de respect de liberté, de tolérance ou de vivre ensemble, dépendamment de la façon dont elle est comprise, ou de la nature des religions coexistantes. Même quand chaque religion partage une vision du monde différente par rapport aux autres, on constate que la coexistence entre religions révélées (christianisme, islam, judaïsme – et bouddhisme dans certains cas) est plus facile, car ces religions partagent d’une façon ou d’une autre certaines valeurs communes. Par contre, il est très difficile de concevoir une logique de dialogue entre des religions dites « révélées » et des religions traditionnelles. Pourtant, la rencontre du christianisme avec des cultures religieuses traditionnelles africaines montre que malgré les difficultés, il y a possibilité d’avoir des échanges fructueux aussi avec les religions traditionnelles. Dans le contexte haïtien, la rencontre du christianisme avec le vaudou ne laisse pas toujours la possibilité aux observateurs d’entrevoir que la religion est signe de paix et de cohésion sociale. Étant donné que leur antagonisme se caractérise souvent par des facteurs comme l’intolérance, l’irrespect de la liberté de l’autre, etc., le problème est surtout dans la gestion des rapports religieux. Néanmoins, dans certains cas où les intérêts religieux sont traités en second plan, il y a lieu de constater que le tableau de la coexistence religieux haïtien est riche en symbole de paix et de compréhension mutuelle. Donc, ce travail de recherche cherche à comprendre la conception que le christianisme se fait du vaudou et vice versa, dans le but de voir avec exactitude les facteurs de divergences acceptables (et non acceptables) et ceux qui pourraient être à la base d’un éventuel dialogue interreligieux entre christianisme et vaudou dans le contexte haïtien. Pour améliorer les rapports entre adeptes du vaudou et chrétiens en Haïti, ce travail propose des méthodes pouvant aboutir à un vivre ensemble religieux pacifié, plus tolérant et d’une connaissance réciproque et intelligente de l’autre. Le but du dialogue présenté n’est pas que le christianisme et le vaudou travaillent ensemble à tous les points de vue, ni même qu’ils s’acceptent complètement, il s’agit plutôt d’une proposition d’une vie commune dans la paix, sans calomnies et stéréotypes réciproques. / Any religious coexistence can be a factor of religious conflict or symbol of respect for freedom, tolerance or live together, depending on the way in which it is included, or the nature of the religions in coexistence. Even when each religion shares a vision of the world different compared to the other, it is found that the coexistence between religions (Christianity, Islam and Judaism - and Buddhism in some cases) is more effective, because these religions share in one way or another some common values. On the other hand, it is constantly difficult to conceive of a pluralistic approach in a logic of dialogue between revealed religions and traditional religions. Yet, the meeting of Christianity with traditional African religious cultures shows that despite the difficulties, there is a possibility to have fruitful exchanges also with the traditional religions. In the context of Haiti, the meeting of Christianity with the voodoo does not leave always the possibility for observers to foresee that the religion is a sign of peace and social cohesion. Given that their antagonism is often characterized by factors such as intolerance, the disrespect of the freedom of the other, etc., the problem is especially in the management of religious relationships. Nevertheless, in some cases where the religious interests are treated in the second plan, it has to be noted that the coexistence of these religions in Haiti can be rich in symbol of peace and mutual understanding. Therefore, this research work seeks to understand the design of Christianity from the perspective of voodoo and vice versa, in the aim to see with accuracy the factors of acceptable (and inacceptable) differences and those that could be the basis of a possible interreligious Dialogue between Christianity and Voodoo in the Haitian context.To improve the relationship between the followers of the voodoo and Christians in Haiti, this work finally proposes some methods that can lead to a peaceful religious coexistence, toward more tolerant and a reciprocal knowledge and intelligent approach to the other. The goal of the dialogue presented in this dissertation is neither that Christianity and the Voodoo should work together in all points of view, nor even that they completely recognize mutually their belief, it is rather a proposal for a common life in peace, without slander and reciprocal stereotypes