Retirement saving research frequently has investigated the differences between working men and working women and primarily focused on the near retirement and retirement years. There is limited research targeting young to old working-age women including those who do not work for pay and are unemployed. The purpose of this study was to examine what factors affect non-retired working-age (25 years and older) women's retirement saving behaviors, retirement savings, and retirement income satisfaction. To implement the study, a research framework was developed based on Deacon and Firebaugh's Family Resource Management Model. The research framework for this study consisted of three major sections: (a) input (demographics, saving motives, retirement saving involvement level, retirement information seeking, current financial assets and debts, and future expectations), (b) throughput (retirement saving behaviors such as calculating needed retirement savings, being a retirement saver, starting saving for retirement age, and being a regular retirement saver), and (c) output (the objective retirement savings and the subjective retirement income satisfaction). An online survey instrument was developed to obtain data for the study. Two pilot tests were conducted to confirm the validity and reliability of the instrument. Data for this study were collected from a national population between May 25, 2012 and May 30, 2012 with 591 valid responses. Several statistical methods were employed: descriptive statistics, one-way between-groups analysis of variance (ANOVA), direct logistic regression, and standard multiple regression. From the results of the study, only about one-third of the women (31.8%) reported they expect to get the full amount of Social Security retirement income that today's retirees get. However, around 60% of the women only save less than $25,000 or none in employer-provided retirement accounts or in personal investments and savings. There is an un-addressed gap between the cognition of the need to save for retirement and real saving action. A regular retirement saver is more likely to save more in employer-provided retirement accounts and to feel more satisfied with that retirement income. Yet, regular retirement savers have less savings in personal investments and savings, possibly because they believe their work investments will be sufficient or some women may make direct deposits to meet the annual limits of retirement plans. Other researchers have not reported this relationship. Those women who are more cognitively involved with saving for retirement are more likely to calculate needed retirement savings and to be a retirement saver, but they are less satisfied with retirement income from Social Security and from personal investments and savings. Satisfaction level is subjective; thus, those who expect to own more types of assets in retirement may have a higher satisfaction level with the expected income from both employer-sponsored retirement accounts and personal investments and savings. Generally, greater satisfaction with expected retirement income is associated with higher accumulation in retirement savings, and the female savers have much more retirement savings than non-savers. However, there is no difference in the retirement income satisfaction of savers and non-savers. These findings have implications for financial educators, counselors and advisors, researchers, employers, and policy makers. There are recommendations for women and future research. / Ph. D.

近年來，青少年在家庭及休閒時作成購買決定的地位愈來愈重要，這一方面是由於父 母親的觀念已有很大的轉變，另一方面受到參考群體及廣告等影響，他們對於消費訊 息的需求也在與日俱增中。據估計，僅台北地區，青少年的消費額一年即達四十五億 元，因此更進一步的探討青少年市場的延展性，並提供一份基本且附有實際應用價值 的參考資料，便成為本研究最主要的動機所在。 隨著消費需求的多樣化與購買力的增加，消費者參與的程度（Involvement Level ） 也隨著提高，而個別消費者可能由於參與水準的原因，致使購買決策的過程有所差異 ，或使訊息的尋求居於主動或被動的地位，這些完全視產品的參與程度如何而決定。 惟國內以參與程度來分析消費市場的研究尚未成熟，因此本研究想以參與程度為指標 ，將青少年的消費市場予以區隔，以供未來研究者之參考。 為探討上述觀點，本研究以分層取樣法押取全省北、中、南三區1800名國中、高中（ 職）及專科男女為受試，並以修訂量表為問卷予以施測，經回收及剔除廢卷後剩下有 效問卷1742份；分析方法計有項目分析法、因素分析法、變異數分析法及多元迴歸分 析法。 研究結果經歸納後可從五方面來看：一、青少年最想買的產品排列前五名的依次是個 人電腦、機車、隨身聽、照相機及音響。二、青少年最常買的產品排列在前五名的， 則依次是文具用品、飲料、錄音帶、書及面紙。三、男女兩性在消費的參與程度上有 顯著的差異。四、北部學生的消費參與程度與中、南部的學生有所差異。五、青少年 在選購最想買的產品時，以朋友的預測力最大，其次為父母親。

Цель магистерской диссертации: на основе исследования потребностей участников общего рабочего процесса спроектировать и реализовать решение для организации деловых встреч в гибридном формате, объединяющем реальное офисное пространство и виртуальную переговорную комнату. / The purpose of the master's thesis is to design and to develop a solution for organizing business meetings in a hybrid format that combines real office space and a virtual meeting room based on a study of the needs of participants in the common workflow.