Global ETD Search

1	Archaeology of iron-using farming communities in Swaziland : pots, people and life during the first and second millennia AD Fumiko, Ohinata January 2001 (has links) No description available. 930.1 Iron Age; South Africa
2	Detecting ash middens using remote sensing techniques: a comparative study in Southern Gauteng, South Africa Siteleki, Mncedisi Jabulani January 2016 (has links) A dissertation submitted to the Faculty of Science, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, in fulfilment of requirements for the degree of Master of Science. September 2016. / The Iron Age is a very critical aspect of South Africa’s history. It represents a technology that laid a solid foundation for the development of South Africa in terms of its economy, politics and society. It is therefore imperative to study Iron Age, or rather its remnants such as stone-walled structures and ash middens because these give insight into this critical time period’s technology and those responsible for it. Remote sensing spatial technology provides the opportunity not only to study these Iron Age remnants but to save time and resources while doing so through satellite imagery. This study employs remote sensing by comparing different multispectral satellite images ̶ GeoEye 1 and SPOT 5 ̶ to find the optimum platform to detect key archaeological remnants  ash middens  from the Iron Age period in the Suikerbosrand Nature Reserve located in Southern Gauteng, South Africa. The performance of GeoEye 1 and SPOT 5 in detecting ash middens was compared through supervised classification techniques, Support Vector Machine and Maximum Likelihood Classification, on different band combinations of the two images. Overall, the band combination of Green, Red and NIR is the best performing on both SPOT 5 and GeoEye 1 compared to Green, Red, and Mid IR on SPOT 5 and Green, Red, and Blue on GeoEye 1. However, higher accuracy of results for the detection of ash middens were obtained on the GeoEye 1 platform. The GeoEye platform performed better than the SPOT platform in the detection and analysis of ash middens. Key Words: Ash Middens, GeoEye, Remote Sensing, Satellite Imagery, SPOT / LG2017 Remote sensing
3	Spherulites : evidence of herding strategies at Mapungubwe Mashimbye, Prudence Myra 26 July 2013 (has links) Archaeology MSc Dissertation School of Geography, Archaeology and Environmental Studies Faculty of Science University of the Witwatersrand Johannesburg 2013 / Agropastoralists during the Iron Age established their settlements in the Limpopo Valley to take advantage of the rich floodplains of the Shashe-Limpopo confluence. Trade in ivory may have been a draw card in the earlier Zhizo period (AD 900), but good climate and increased rainfall helped to maintain a growing population which in turn contributed to the rise of complex society and the first state in southern Africa, i.e. Mapungubwe (AD 1250-1300). The population increase and the concomitant agricultural land use, together with several droughts, would have challenged livestock management. Using carbon signatures, J. Smith (2005) discovered that cattle were sustained on graze alone, indicating sufficient grass in the valley for pasture during the Iron Age. I have used spherulites found in cattle dung to investigate the use of the confluence vlei area. Vlei grass would have provided extra pasturage. I considered time and space to interpret samples. For the Zhizo and Leokwe periods, I examined 13 samples, including Castle Rock, of which six were positive. K2 had nine positive samples out of 17 while Transitional K2 had 20 positives samples. The TK2 results suggest there was a greater need for extra pasturage associated with drought from AD 1220 to 1250. The Mapungubwe period is represented by 11 samples and five yielded positive results while the Khami period yielded 12 positive results out of 26 samples. These results show a regular use of the confluence vlei during the Iron Age associated with dry conditions. Mapungubwe Site (South Africa) Iron age - South Africa - Mapungubwe.
4	KwaGandaganda : an archaeozoological case study of the exploitation of animal resources during the early Iron Age in KwaZulu-Natal Beukes, Catharina F. 11 1900 (has links) KwaGandaganda is an Early Iron Age (EIA) site in the .Mngeni valley (KwaZulu-Nata~ South Africa). Three cultural phases, Msuluzi, Ndondondwane and Ntshekane, dating between AD 620- AD 1030 were identified. The objective was to establish the extent of animal exploitation during the EIA in KwaZulu-Natal by means of faunal analysis, using internationally accepted methods. The collection included 41 006 fragments of which 22.9% were identifiable. A large number of species (68) were identified, including Rattus rattus. The collection yielded the largest quantity of ivory chips ever found on an EIA site in southern Africa, as well as an extensive variety of pathological specimens, mostly from Bos taurus. Several possible divining bones were present in the sample. Herd management, hunting strategies, gathering activities, fishing and trading of animal goods during the EIA were discussed, while the consequences of the unique excavation methods (i.e. the use of bulldozers) were also commented upon. / Anthropology and Archaeology / M.A. (Anthropology) KwaGandaganda Early Iron Age Faunal analysis KwaZulu-Natal Msuluzi Ndondondwane Ntshekane Animal exploitation Herding and hunting Fishing Trading 968.4503 Animals
5	KwaGandaganda : an archaeozoological case study of the exploitation of animal resources during the early Iron Age in KwaZulu-Natal Beukes, Catharina F. 11 1900 (has links) KwaGandaganda is an Early Iron Age (EIA) site in the .Mngeni valley (KwaZulu-Nata~ South Africa). Three cultural phases, Msuluzi, Ndondondwane and Ntshekane, dating between AD 620- AD 1030 were identified. The objective was to establish the extent of animal exploitation during the EIA in KwaZulu-Natal by means of faunal analysis, using internationally accepted methods. The collection included 41 006 fragments of which 22.9% were identifiable. A large number of species (68) were identified, including Rattus rattus. The collection yielded the largest quantity of ivory chips ever found on an EIA site in southern Africa, as well as an extensive variety of pathological specimens, mostly from Bos taurus. Several possible divining bones were present in the sample. Herd management, hunting strategies, gathering activities, fishing and trading of animal goods during the EIA were discussed, while the consequences of the unique excavation methods (i.e. the use of bulldozers) were also commented upon. / Anthropology and Archaeology / M.A. (Anthropology) KwaGandaganda Early Iron Age Faunal analysis KwaZulu-Natal Msuluzi Ndondondwane Ntshekane Animal exploitation Herding and hunting Fishing Trading 968.4503 Animals
6	First-millennium agriculturist ceramics of the Eastern Cape, South Africa : an investigation into some ways in which artefacts acquire meaning Steele, John 11 1900 (has links) Artefacts acquire/embody migratory meanings according to contexts of raw material manipulation, use, discard and discourse. First-Millennium Agriculturist ceramics and concomitant private and public significances/use values are placed within aspects of a deep past Stone Age history of space and artefact usage in the Eastern Cape, South Africa. Some thought paradigms and cultural contexts are examined as having directly influenced discourse, what artefacts were foregrounded, and in which manner writers of southern African prehistory considered them. Thereafter ceramic artefacts and associated technologies are focussed upon as being intimate to personal/ community lifeways and worldviews. Domestic and ceremonial utilityware, figurines and masks, as well as clay usage in homebuilding and metalworking, and urges to apply a mark to malleable clay, or deliberately alter and/or bury ceramic artefacts; are explored as manifestations of medium and usage well suited to regularly reconfigured meanings . / Art History, Visual Arts & Musicology / M.A. (Art History) Artefacts Burials Ceramics Communication Community Death engraving/incising Early Iron Age Eastern Cape South Africa Figurines First-Millennium Agriculturist Gender Grave goods Homestead Kalundu Tradition Lifeways Masks Meaning/significance Prehistory Potters Rites of passage Sculpture Style Technology Thought Use value Utilityware 968.702 East Cape (South Africa) -- Antiquities Iron Age -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape
7	First-millennium agriculturist ceramics of the Eastern Cape, South Africa : an investigation into some ways in which artefacts acquire meaning Steele, John 11 1900 (has links) Artefacts acquire/embody migratory meanings according to contexts of raw material manipulation, use, discard and discourse. First-Millennium Agriculturist ceramics and concomitant private and public significances/use values are placed within aspects of a deep past Stone Age history of space and artefact usage in the Eastern Cape, South Africa. Some thought paradigms and cultural contexts are examined as having directly influenced discourse, what artefacts were foregrounded, and in which manner writers of southern African prehistory considered them. Thereafter ceramic artefacts and associated technologies are focussed upon as being intimate to personal/ community lifeways and worldviews. Domestic and ceremonial utilityware, figurines and masks, as well as clay usage in homebuilding and metalworking, and urges to apply a mark to malleable clay, or deliberately alter and/or bury ceramic artefacts; are explored as manifestations of medium and usage well suited to regularly reconfigured meanings . / Art History, Visual Arts and Musicology / M.A. (Art History) Artefacts Burials Ceramics Communication Community Death engraving/incising Early Iron Age Eastern Cape South Africa Figurines First-Millennium Agriculturist Gender Grave goods Homestead Kalundu Tradition Lifeways Masks Meaning/significance Prehistory Potters Rites of passage Sculpture Style Technology Thought Use value Utilityware 968.702 East Cape (South Africa) -- Antiquities Iron Age -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape

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